Persuing various theories which have been advocated with the development of libraray science, problems are mentioned which must be carefully grappled in the future studies.
Library science has its own working field e.g. libraries, which is the positive proof of effectiveness, productivity, and practicability of the library science. As the bibliographic organization a library has the educational and social function. Shera and Egan say that a library is the intermediary service pattern, but it seems that it is neither bibliographic organization nor an international bibliographical liaison organization but it is the positive pattern, in which it is necessary to find the educational function.
Library science is the positive science and its main object is library phenomenon as the behavior pattern. And it consists of theoretical science, practical science, and historical science as far as they are positive. The relationship between the theoretical and practical science is the relation between inside and outside of a thing, so that the difference between two sciences will be given after the library science has been set up. The main force in studying should be concentrated to the field shown by information theory. And by uniting semiotics and information theory including reference function, we must not only analyse quantitatively the library science but also built it up.

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Since Tomosaburo Sano, the founder of the travelling libraries, began a travelling library in order to promote city and town libraries in Yamaguchi Prefecture in 1907, various evaluations have been added to the public library world. By persuing the history of the development of travelling libraries, right existence of those libraries are demonstrated. Here is mentioned the history between 1907 and 1909.
While Sano was establishing the travelling libraries both in Akita and Yamaguchi Prefecture, Minister Ishihara of Chiba Prefecture set up travelling library called Chiba-ken Tsuzoku Buuko in June, 1907. Chiba Prefecture was divided into 60 wards and each ward had its reading room in a primary school. About 100 books were delivered at a time, and the travelling was once a year and the term of its circulation was one month. But this travelling library ceased to exist in 1909. Although the tenure of the library was very short, its influence was worthwhile to be noted.
Two month after the Chiba-ken Tsuzoku Travelling Library started, a travelling library was established in Ibaragi Prefecture in June 1907. At first the number of stations was three and gradually increased. The object of this small library was to develop the city and town libraries in the Prefecture, but later it changed into an educational organization culturing moral and industrious idea of the young people.
In 1908 the travelling library of Sekizen Union in Niigata Prefeture was started. This library was presented by a director of the Union, Mr. Ichisuke Sakurai. The great difference between this library and others existed in the difference between private and public organization. The fact that a private organization had been connected with library service, contributed greatly not only to the library development in Niigata Prefecture but also to the library world in Japan. The other important contribution was that it had the great influence in popularizing a library in Japan.
In February 1909 the rule of encouraging a travelling library was enforced in Hiroshima Prefecture. This shows the fact that a travelling library became not only common among the nation, but also the library movement itself became very active.
In 1909 travelling libraries were established in four prefectures including Miyagi Prefecture.
Before the Law enforced in 1910 the travelling libraries were set up in ten prefectures and almost all the libraries derived from Yamaguchi Prefecture. But the unfortunate fact was that the founder's idea was disregarded and that its form was only applied. This was the weak point to the library world and later in its turn it was abused by bureaucracy as the means of “Judicious guidance of public thoughts” and “Edification of the Nation”.

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Supplying the previous essay published from pages 33 to 50 in Vol. 4, No. 3 and at the same time answering the opposite remarks, the following points are emphasized:
1. Without having any relation among orders of description of the books, cataloging cards are ordered only by the subjects. It is fairly possible to separate the subjects and description if the secondary order of filing is used at randam or distinctively. But it is a question whether this method is superior system or not.
2. In the added entry of joint authors a heading of main entry becomes a barrier, but it can not be said that the main entry itself is non-sense. In many cases the main entry system is the effective method in cataloging.
3. At present Chinese characters are used in heading but it is necessary to use Roman letters or Japanese syllabary, and it is effective for the main entry system. Under the rule of American Library Association it is compared with cataloging of the documents in Russian language.

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This short essay is the brief description of the ancient Japanese history of libraries until 13 century. Instead of persuing the development of famous libraries, means and ways of people's touching with books, in other words, collections and circulations of books are particularly researched. On this base the process of library development is surveyd. Conversely speaking, from the following view point the history is observed: What part has a library taken in people's reading and as a result what relation has it had in other fields.

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This survey of public library users in Tokyo was practised under the sponsorship of the Japanese Society for the Science of Reading in July, 1958.
The purpose of this survey was to clear up the actual condition of reading interest, library use, and attitude towards mass communication media of public library users in Tokyo.
According to the results of this survey, the most of public library users are regular people and the users at uptown are very different from users at downtown in reading interest, library use, and so on.

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