Annals of Japan Society of Library Science

In China, fee-based services were introduced into a few public libraries in the beginning of the 1980s, and now charging fees for some kinds of library services pervades the country. Although the fee-based services are favored by certain types of library users such as small-to-medium-sized enterprises, Chinese public libraries are faced with difficulties in providing these services.
First, this paper explores background factors of the fee-based services, including reforms in Chinese economy, improvements of research management system in science and technology, financial and management problems in public libraries. Then, the effects that the governmental notifications and regulations have had on charging fees for library services are identified. Also, the present state of fee-based services are described, presenting two cases of public library fee charging practices.
Finally, future directions in fee-based services in Chinese public libraries are suggested.

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The purpose of this study is to make clear the kinds of services needed by general users of junior college and university libraries. The study was performed by surveying 84 general users of two university libraries. The two chosen libraries provide equal services for both general users and for people directly involved with the university (e. g. faculty and students). The methods used were general questionaires and selected interviews with users who need university services.
As a result of the study it was found that the needs of the gneneral users matches their specific interests or previous academic studies. Thus the role of the university in providing services to outside users is to provide specific services which cannot be found in public libraries.
University libraries are not meant to be a substitute for public libraries. Furthermore，it seems that most users of university libraries expect the library to be more specific in its services and to be geared to special areas of study.

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