Recently, social capital has been known as an important factor of participation in regional resource management. Few empirical researches, however, have investigated social capital because it is difficult to grasp its nature. In addition, although the necessity of distinguishing between bonding and bridging social capital has been recognized, no detailed analysis has been conducted. This study aims to determine the associations between bonding and bridging social capital, and participation in regional resource management.
The questionnaire survey was conducted in overall rural areas of three cities in northern Kyoto prefecture in 2006. The ratio of respondents was 30.5% (N = 9,954) and 3,568 samples which didn't include any missing values were used for analysis. Trust was focused on among social capital elements (trust, norm of reciprocity, and network). Community trust was adopted as bonding trust and generalized trust was adopted as bridging trust. 10 types of regional resource management were summarized in ‘General attitude of participation in resource management’ and ‘Agricultural characteristic of the resource’ by using categorical principal component analysis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the related factors of these two primal components.
As a result, 1) bonding trust was more closely related to participation in regional resource management than bridging trust; 2)residents who closely relate to non-agricultural resource management had higher bonding trust than residents who closely relate to agricultural resource management; 3) the related factors of participation in regional resource management differs depending on the relations of residents with agriculture.
The possibilities that the results of the analysis are positively biased cannot be denied. If the associations still remains after considering the positive bias, suggestions as follows can be led; It is important for the enhancement of participation in regional resource management 1) to maintain bonding social capital, 2) to build up bonding social capital of residents who closely relate to agricultural resource management along with to develop norm and institutional foundations of participation of residents who closely relate to non-agricultural resource management, and 3) to implement individualized approaches according to the associations of residents with agriculture.

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