Comprehensive rural planning through inhabitants' own initiatives is an important subject for the study of rural planning. In this country, rural inhabitants tend to think that rural plans are to be made by the government. But they should take their own initiative when making a comprehensive district project plan for themselves so as to protect their own living environment and improve it.
When farmers want to improve their farmland, a land improvement district must first be established and organized as a cooperative venture. This is an important part of making comprehensive rural plans. The Land Improvement Act provides for farmers to ask the land improvement district to reflect their demands in the projects. While this is an important form of public participation, this function has not been fully used, for in Japan land improvement projects have been carried out mainly with central initiatives. The same has been true of the activities of civil engineering which has conducted environmental improvement projects as part of town planning, thus leaving the voice of urban inhabitants unreflected.
The role of government should be to help people who have initiative to make their own rural plans by giving technical advice or financial help, and not to enforce things from above. Therefore a feed-back system must be established to get messages from people. In my view, this is very much an issue which needs to be seen in the context of democratic development in this country.

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Recently urban land use and demand for land for non-agricultural use have been increasing in rural areas and a land evaluation method in rural land use planning has become important. The purpose of this paper is to examine a land evaluation procedure at lot-level, which forms the foundation for land use plans for rural settlements. The article starts with a review of previous evaluation methods and presents some problems. Then it describes the results of a case study in Toyota administrative city, Aichi prefecture for which Quantification Method I is applied. In the conventional method, the evaluation-criteria are evaluated by members of a committee who are able to take a farsighted view of the localities concerned. It is becoming very important, however, to quantify the opinions and evaluations of land owners, so that they are reflected in the process of land evaluation. The study shows that to involve land owners can contribute to the promotion of understanding by land owners of land evaluation and also the likelihood that land owners can reach a consesus on land use plants.

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The purpose of this paper, which is a contribution to the study of the spacial order of rural settlements, is to consider the appearance of domain and the primary factors affecting it. Everyone's sense of territory is formed individually, but as the subject of this article is village space, two types of domain, village-domain and neighbourhood-domain, are examined.
The research was conducted in 12 settlements in four prefectures, using the sign-map method for measuring domain. The main results are as follows:
1) The neighbourhood-domain tends to overlap the smallest communal unit, called lian'. But when the houses stand along a road, the neighbourhood-domain extends along the road, and when the houses are scattered, it extends around those scattered houses.
2) The village-domain tends to overlap the residential area of the village. Its shape is affected by geographical features as well as the activities of social organizations.
3) The village center, which is used for activities, the main road, which is used in daily life, and the village entrance, which marks the border with other villages, are related to each other.
In conclusion, the spacial structure of a village is made clear by village-domain, neighbourhooddomain, the village center, the main road and the village entrance.

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This may 14 is the first anniversary of Professor Takenaka's death. I should like to dedicate this article to the memory of the late Professor Takenaka by tracing his contribution to rural planning research.
He began to study rural planning in 1976. His studies and activities covered integrated rural improvement, the settlement of rural areas and land use. Nine related papers written by him are taken up here in chronological order, and the five main papers are explained in detail. They are:
1) The Needs and Level of Improvement in Rural Areas.
2) An Approach to Integrated Rural Development for the Future.
3) The Comprehensive Character of Land Improvement Projects.
4) The Relationship between Forest and Farm Land Reclamation from the Viewpoint of National Land Use.
5) Analysis of the Decision-making Mechanism for Agricultural Land Zones.
This article also refers to his major contribution to the establishment and management of the Rural Planning Association.

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