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Hitoshi ITO, Hiroshi WATANABE, Hiroshi IIZUKA, Masaaki TAKEHISA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2707-2711
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Total bacteria of activated dewatered sludge cake of Takasaki city which amounted to 2×10
9 per gram diminished rapidly with the radiation dose, but slowly after 0.5 Mrad, and 10
3 per gram survived even after 10 Mrad irradiation. However, coliforms which amounted to 8×10
7 per gram were inactivated below 0.5 Mrad irradiation. The predominant bacteria in non-irradiated sludge were
Pseudomonas cepacia and it mainly survived up to 2 Mrad, but
Bacillus were predominant at 0.5 to 0.7 Mrad irradiation. The main residual flora from 2 to 5 Mrad was composed of
Pseudomonas soranacearum,
P. cepacia and
P. delafieldii, and the main residual flora in more than 5 Mrad irradiated sludge was
P. flava. These typical strains of
Pseudomonas in phosphate buffer were radiation sensitive, and their D
10 values were from 0.005 to 0.021 Mrad under aerobic irradiation conditions.
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Isao KUSAKABE, Shin OHGUSHI, Tsuneo YASUI, Tatsuyoshi KOBAYASHI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2713-2723
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The hydrolysis of corncob arabinoxylan by a
Streptomyces xylanase produced several kinds of oligosaccharides containing both arabinose and xylose residues, three of which have been identified as O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-xylopyranose (A
1X
3-II), O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(l→4)-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(l→2)-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(l→4)-D-xylopyranose (A
1X
4-I) and O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(l→4)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-xylopyranose (A
1X
4-II). On the basis of the structures of the above oligosaccharides, the mode of attachment of arabinose residues to xylose residues in the arabinoxylan and the mode of action of the xylanase on the arabinoxylan are discussed.
View full abstract
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Masahiro OHSUGI, Yasuko INOUE, Masako KUKI, Kikuko IMAI, Hiroko DEGUCH ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2725-2730
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The biosynthesis of biotin-vitamers from pelargonic acid by
Pseudomonas sp. strain 393 was investigated. The main product of biotin-vitamers from pelargonic acid was desthiobiotin. The addition of streptomycin or L-alanine enhanced accumulation of desthiobiotin in culture fluid. Propionic, pimelic and azelaic acids were identified as main metabolites from pelargonic acid. When propionic acid was incubated with resting cells, pelargonic and azelaic acids were formed. The biosynthetic pathway of pelargonic acid to pimelic acid was also studied.
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Toshio TANAKA, Ryoichi YAMAMOTO, Susumu OI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2731-2738
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The β-transglucosylase of
Sclerotinia libertiana catalyzed the reaction transferring the non-reducing end glucose of cellotetraitol (G
4-OH) to the non-reducing end glucose of G
4-OH, and both G
3-OH and G
5-OH were produced in the reaction at first. A water-insoluble glucan was synthesized by the enzyme, accompanied by the production of soluble cellooligosaccharides such as cellobiose, cellotriose, cellopentaose, and cellohexaose in a prolonged reaction with 2% cellotetraose. The water-insoluble glucan was found to be a linear β-1, 4-glucan having an average degree of polymerization of 14 by enzymatic hydrolysis test, methylation, and X-ray analyses. From the results, the β-transglucosylase of
Sclerotinia libertiana was defined as a new enzyme able to synthesize higher cellodextrin by a disproportionation reaction of lower molecular weight cellooligosaccharides.
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Masaru UYEDA, Mariko HIROTSU, Mari ITONAGA, Shinji URATA, Keitarou SUZ ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2739-2746
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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To obtain actinomycetes capable of producing new enzyme affectors such as enzyme inhibitors or activators, a screening test was carried out.
Streptomyces sp. strain No. BR-1381 isolated in our laboratory produced a proteinous lipase activator abbreviated as LAV. LAV was purified from the culture filtrate by salting-out with ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. LAV was stable in the pH range from 3 to 7 at 37°C for 20 hr and in a wider range of pH at 4°C for 5 days. LAV itself was very stable against heat treatment, but LAV did not have any effect on the thermal stability of
Phycornyces nitens lipase. LAV activated several microbial lipases, but did not activate pancreatic or rice bran lipases. LAV particularly showed strong activation for
Phycomyces nitens lipase.
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Takaaki FUJII, Akiko NAKAZAWA, Naoki SUMI, Hiroaki TANI, Akikazu ANDO, ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2747-2753
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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A purple non-sulfur bacterium,
Rhodopseudomonas sp. No. 7, was isolated from n-propanol-enrichment cultures under anaerobic-light conditions. Strain No. 7 can produce hydrogen from alcohols. The rate of hydrogen production from
n-propanol was 34μl/hr/mg dry cells. Strain No. 7 showed multiplication by budding and the best growth on
n-propanol among other organic compounds tested. But its growth on n-propanol was poor under aerobic-dark conditions. NAD-linked alcohol dehydrogenase, NAD-linked aldehyde dehydrogenase, acyl-CoA synthetase and malate synthetase were found in strain No. 7. These enzymes were constitutive. On the other hand, isocitrate lyase was induced in cells grown on ethanol but not on
n-propanol. No activity of phenazine methosulfate-linked alcohol dehydrogenase was detected in strain No. 7.
View full abstract
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Taku MIYAMOTO, N. S. REDDY, Toshitaka NAKAE
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2755-2759
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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A culture of
Lactobacillus casei subsp.
alactosus was treated with
N-methyl-
N'-nitro-
N-nitrosoguanidine and 107 possible mutants were isolated. There was considerable variation among mutant cultures in total acidity and production of diacetyl when grown in soymilk. Two of them coagulated reconstituted skim milk within 48 hr. About 36% of isolated mutant cultures produced larger amounts of diacetyl in soymilk than the parent strain. Only 14% of isolates produced higher amounts of acid, and the capacity to produce acid of others was partially impaired. Approximately 58% of tested mutants were found to possess unstable characters after 20 daily transfers in tryptone yeast extract broth. Cultural studies on five selected mutants indicated that two of them ferment lactose and sorbose in contrast to other tested mutants and the parent. However, their morphologies were similar to the parent.
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Masashi NAKAYAMA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2761-2766
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The synthesis of inulin fructotransferase (IFT) in
A. ureafaciens occurred specifically at the transitional phase between the lag and exponential phases of cell growth and it was induced in the presence of di-D-fructofuranose 1, 2' : 2, 3' dianhydride (DFA III). The formation was repressed by addition of D-glucose, and restored by addition of cyclic adenosine-3', 5'-monophosphate. The inductive formation of extracellular IFT was stopped by addition of either procaine, a neuroactive drug which inhibits the processing of extracellular protein, or cerulenin, an antibiotic which blocks lipid synthesis. The formation of the cell-bound form, on the contrary, was not suppressed by these substances. Lower concentrations of β-phenethyl alcohol, a membrane-modifying agent, stimulated the synthesis of the extracellular and cell-bound IFT's without modification of the enzyme. On the basis of these results, the modes of extracellular and cell-bound IFT syntheses in this microorganism were discussed.
View full abstract
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Masaru IIZUKA, Yasuhiko TORII, Takehiko YAMAMOTO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2767-2772
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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An enzyme which released invertase from cell ghosts of
Candida utilis was isolated in an electrophoretically pure state from "Zymolyase." The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 5.8 x 10
4, and its isoelectric point was pH 6.9. The enzyme was stable in a pH range from 6.0 to 9.0, and the optimal pH for liberation of invertase from cell ghosts was around 6.0. The activity of the enzyme was competitively inhibited by glucose, mannose, and sucrose. Unlike the starting enzyme preparation, "Zymolyase, " the purified enzyme released invertase without making holes on the surface of the cell ghosts. Various tests were applied, but the specificity of the enzyme was not defined.
View full abstract
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Badal Chandra SAHA, Seinosuke UEDA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2773-2779
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The inhibitory factor (IF) of raw starch digestion by one glucoamylase preparation of black
Aspergillus at high enzyme concentration was isolated from the crude enzyme preparation by heat treatment at pH 7.2, adjustment of the pH to 3.4 and centrifugation. The crude IF was almost completely adsorbed onto raw starch. With an increase of IF concentration, inhibition of raw starch digestion by a normal glucoamylase preparation increased but with an increase of raw starch or enzyme concentration, the inhibition decreased. The IF was then purified by DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 and G-100, and rechromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-25. The IF thus purified was found to be homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and was a glycoprotein. It contained about 25% carbohydrate and had a molecular weight of about 12, 000.
View full abstract
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Hiroyuki MORII, Masateru NISHIHARA, Yosuke KOGA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2781-2789
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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A new methanogenic strain,
Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus A2, was isolated from an anaerobic sewage digester in Kitakyushu City, Japan. The isolate was a gram-positive, non-motile short rod, and a mesophilic strict anaerobe. Either formate or H
2 and CO
2 served as a substrate both for methane formation and growth of the organism. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA of this organism was 29.6 mol%. The organism required vitamins but neither 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid, 2-methylbutyric acid not acetic acid. Serological typing showed that strain A2 was related only to
M. arboriphilus DC. Strain A2 was, thus, identified as a formate-assimilable strain of
M. arboriphilus. In H
2 + CO
2 complex medium a maximal dry cell mass of 2.5 g/liter was obtained; this is the highest yield reported for mesophilic methanogenic bacteria.
View full abstract
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Shinsuke YAMAGATA, Hiroshi MURAKAMI, Junji TERAO, Setsuro MATSUSHITA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2791-2799
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Six monohydroperoxide isomers were obtained on autoxidation of methyl arachidonate. In the isomeric mixture of monohydroperoxides, the amount ratio of outer isomers (5- and 15-isomers) was especially high. However, in the presence of 1.0% of α-tocopherol, the isomeric composition of monohydroperoxides was approximately homogeneous.Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the susceptibility to decomposition between the isomers. From these results, it was suggested that the predominance of outer isomers was based on the difference in stability between their peroxy radicals.
With the accelerated oxidation of methyl arachidonate with ferrous ion-AsA catalyst, further oxygenated products, diOH, triOH and tetraOH compounds (after reduction and hydrogenation), were detected by GC-MS analysis.
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Shigeo KAWATA, Eiji TAKAHASHI, Yoshiyuki TAKASE, Kanae YOKOGAWA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2801-2808
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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D-Alanyl-(D)-
meso-2, 6-diaminopimelic acid endopeptidase was purified 47.4-fold with a yield of 40.5% from mutanolysin, which was partially purified from the cultural supernatant of
Streptomyces globisporus 1829, by using ion exchange column chromatographies and a molecular sieve column. The purified enzyme was electrophoretically homogeneous. This enzyme had a molecular weight of 13, 500 and an isoelectric point ofpI9.0. This enzyme was most active at pH8.5 and stable between pHs 8.0 and 9.0. The hydrolyzing activity of this enzyme was enhanced by Co
++ and Ca
++ but inhibited appreciably by Zn
++, Cu
++ and EDTA. The enzyme activity was not affected by β-lactam antibiotics and vancomycin. The
Km values for bisdisaccharide heptapeptide and its derivative modified chemically by BOC-S were calculated to be 5.7×10
-4 and 4.0×10
-4M, respectively.
View full abstract
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Makoto ISHIOROSHI, Kunihiko SAMEJIMA, Tsutomu YASUI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2809-2816
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The heat-induced gelation properties of myosin in low salt concentration were studied. Freshly prepared myosin formed gels with an extremely high rigidity in 0.1 to 0.3 M KC1 at pH 6.0 on heating. This high heat-induced gel formability of myosin filaments diminished during storage, concomitant with the loss of the filament formability inherent in the native myosin. Presumably intermolecular aggregation was the cause of this loss during storage. The difference in the heat-induced gelation of myosin filaments at a low salt concentration (0.2 M KC1) and that of myosin monomers at a high salt concentration (0.6 M KCl) was clearly. distinguishable from their gelling behavior. The high gelation ability of freshly prepared myosin filaments upon heating seems to develop through the interfilamental head-head aggregation on the surface of the filaments without involving the tail portion of the molecule.
View full abstract
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Hiroshi Doi, Tatsuya TOKUYAMA, Fong-Huang KUO, Fumio IBUKI, Masao KANA ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2817-2824
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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It is considered that heat treatment affects the properties of milk such as heat-stability and chymosin clottability. The heat-induced interaction between κ-casein and α-lactalbumin was investigated under various conditions (buffer, pH, ionic strength, temperature). The results obtained, using Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration and sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicated that a complex of the two proteins was formed in 35 Mm phosphate buffer, pH 7.6, containing 0.4
M NaCl on heat treatment at 90°C for 30 min, while no complex was formed in 10 mM imidazole-HC1 buffer, pH 7.1, containing 70 mM KC1 with the same heat treatment. A κ-casein-α-lactalbumin complex was formed at high pH by heat treatment, and was dissociated in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. Under complex forming conditions, a change in the higher-order structure of α-lactalbumin was observed by ultraviolet absorption and fluorescence experiments. Though the participation of specific amino acid residues in the complex formation could not be clarified by the chemical modification procedure, the re-arrangement of the disulfide cross-links did take place in the reaction. An optical study on the complex formation did not indicate the involvement of a hydrophobic bond.
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Takamitsu YORIFUJI, Toru KOBAYASHI, Akira TABUCHI, Yoshinori SHIRITANI ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2825-2830
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The distribution of guanidinoacetate amidinohydrolase (GAH), 3-guanidinopropionate amidinohydrolase (GPH) and 4-guanidinobutyrate amidinohydrolase (GBH) among ten representative strains of fluorescent
Pseudomonas was examined. GBH was produced by most of the strains, but GPH was produced by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains only, and GAH was produced by one of the three
P. putida strains and by
Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 14676. In most of the GBH-producing bacteria, including
Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 14676, GBH was induced by L-arginine as well as by 4-guanidinobutyrate. In contrast, the enzyme was induced exclusively by 4-guanidinobutyrate in two strains of
P. aeruginosa and a strain of
P.fluorescens. GBH of
P. aeruginosa PAO1 was purified to apparent homogeneity and the enzyme protein was compared with the GBH protein from
Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 14676 by one-dimensional peptide mapping. The fragmentation patterns from the two proteins, generated by subtilisin BPN', thermolysin, α-chymotrypsin, and
Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, exhibited the obvious structural homology between them. These results indicate that
P. aeruginosa lacks one or more of the enzymes which participate in the degradation of L-arginine to 4-guanidinobutyrate in
P. putida.
View full abstract
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Akinori HIRASHIMA, Morifusa ETO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2831-2839
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Chiral methyl
p-nitrophenyl phosphorochloridothionate (MNPC) was utilized as a phosphorylating agent in the synthesis of optically active cyclic phosphorus esters including the enantiomers of 2-methoxy-4H-1, 3, 2-benzodioxaphosphorin 2-sulfide (salithion) and four diastereomers of 4-isobutyl-2-methoxy-1, 3, 2-oxazaphospholidine 2-sulfide (BMOS). Their insecticidal activity decreased in the following order; (S)>(R) in salithion and (S)
P(S)
c>(S)
P(R)
C>(R)
P(R)
C>(R)
P(S)
C in BMOS.
View full abstract
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Katsuhiko KITAHARA, Takaaki NISHIOKA, Toshio FUJITA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2841-2847
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Cultured integument from diapausing larvae of
Chilo suppressalis Walker reproduced larvalpupal ecdysis after two successive treatments with 20-hydroxyecdysone, firstly with 0.1μg/ml for 24hr, and then with 0.1μg/ml for 24 hr. When a juvenile hormone was added to the culture medium at the time of the first ecdysone treatment, the pupal type cuticle formation was inhibited, the extent depending upon its activity. The rate of the pupal type cuticle formation relative to that of the control, when plotted against the concentration of the juvenile hormone, showed a typical dose-response relationship. The median inhibitory concentration of some juvenile hormones was determined as JH II:0.04ng/ml, JH III:1.9ng/ml and methoprene:0.079ng/ml. Cultured integument from the
Chilo diapausing larvae was shown to be one of the most sensitive
in vitro assay systems for juvenoids.
View full abstract
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Tetsu ANDO, Koji KUSA, Masaaki UCHIYAMA, Shigeo YOSHIDA, Nobutaka TAKA ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2849-2853
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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13C NMR spectra of all the geometrical isomers of 5, 7- and 8, 10-dodecadien-1-ols and 9, 11-dodecadienyl acetate were studied, and a new method for assigning
13C signals of a conjugated system is proposed. The method is based on two empirical rules. The first involves the
13C shift differences of olefinic carbons induced by a substitutional change at an end of the conjugated diene system, namely the change from a methylene to a methyl at C
f in the C
a-C
b =C
c-C
d=C
e-C
f diene system. The second rule concerns the chemical shift changes of allylic and olefinic carbons by converting the geometry of conjugated diene systems. Namely, when the (E)-configuration of a C
b=C
c double bond in the diene system is changed into a (Z)-configuration without the conversion of the C
d=C
e double bond, the signals of C
a, C
b, C
c and C
d shift up field by 5.1±0.3, 2.6±0.3, 1.9±0.3 and 4.9±0.2ppm, respectively, and the signal of C±e downfield by 2.2±0.2ppm, regardless of the geometry of the C
d=C
e double bond.
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Yasushi MORINAGA, Yoshiki TANI, Hideaki YAMADA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2855-2860
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The detection of both the activities of β-cystathionase and
O-acetylhomoserine (OAH) sulfhydrylase showed the presence of two pathways for the synthesis of L-homocysteine in a facultative methylotroph,
Pseudomonas FM518. L-Methionine, the following conversion product of L-homocysteine, inhibited the activities of both the enzymes competitively, and repressed β-cystathionase but not OAH sulfhydrylase. Activities of serine-
O-transacetylase and
O-acetylserine (OAS) sulfhydrylase which are involved in the biosynthesis of L-cysteine, the precursor of L-cystathionine, were also inhibited by L-methionine. The
Ki value of OAS sulfhydrylase for L-methionine (1.6mM)was small enough to consider that the L-cysteine biosynthesis was regulated by L-methionine
in vivo. These results and regulatory features showed that the transsulfration pathway involving cystathionine might function for the biosynthesis of homocysteine in
Pseudomonas FM518.
View full abstract
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Nobuyoshi ESAKI, Hidehiko TANAKA, Edith Wilson MILES, Kenji SODA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2861-2864
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The α
2β
2 complex of tryptophan synthase from Escherichia coli catalyzes β-replacement reactions of L-serine and its derivatives (
e.g., β-chloro-L-alanine and O-methyl-DL-serine) with various alkanethiols. The products from thiobenzyl alcohol and ethanethiol were isolated to demonstrate the enzymatic synthesis of the corresponding S-substituted L-cysteines. Reactivities of various S-substituent donors were examined, and thiols such as thiobenzyl alcohol, 1-propanethiol and 1-butanethiol were found to be much more efficient substituent donors than the physiological substrate, indole. In addition, tryptophan synthase catalyzes β-replacement reactions of L-threonine with thiols to form the corresponding S-substituted β-methylcysteines, which are also produced by β-addition reactions of L-vinylglycine with thiols. These enzymatic reactions facilitate the synthesis of various sulfur-containing amino acids.
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Koji TSUKUDA, Toshiko KIDO, Yoshiyuki SHIMASUE, Kenji SODA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2865-2870
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Bacillus subtilis is regarded as one of the most important bacteria in the food industry. Next to
Mycobacterium lepraemurium,
B. subtilis (IFO 3022) is the best bacterial producer of superoxide dismutase. The
B. subtilis superoxide dismutase was purified 40-fold to homogeneity from a cellfree extract using ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE-Toyopearl and Sephadex G-150 chromatography. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 45, 000 and consists of two subunits identical in molecular weight. The enzyme, which exhibits absorption maxima at 280 and 470nm, contains 1.13g atoms of Mn per mol of enzyme as the catalytically active metal.
View full abstract
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Hajime YOSHIOKA, Hiroshi NAKAMURA, Joji SASAKI, Yasutaka TAHARA, Yuzo ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2871-2879
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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A type II restriction endonuclease was purified from "
Acetobacter xylinus" IFO 3288 by consecutive column chromatographies on heparin-Sepharose CL-6B, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, DNA-cellulose and Sephacryl S-400 super fine. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on gel disc electrophoresis and free of other endonuclease, exonuclease and phosphatase activities. The enzyme was optimally active at 37°C at pH7.5 and required 50-150mM NaCl for the enzyme reaction. The enzyme cleaved lambda and M13 mp7 RF DNAs at two and one site, respectively, but did not cleave pBR322, SV40 and φX174 RF DNAs. The recognition sequence for the enzyme was determined to be 5'-C-C-T-N-A-G-G-3', and the enzyme was found to cut between C and T in the sequence, being an isoschizomer of endonuclease from a blue-green alga,
Microcoleus species UTEX LB2220 (
MstII).
View full abstract
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Kimio NISHIMURA, Yukio KAWAMURA, Teruyoshi MATOBA, Daizo YONEZAWA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2881-2888
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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The effects of freezing on the heat-induced gelation, Ca
2+-ATPase activity and myofibril structure of Antarctic krill muscle were investigated. Muscle from freshly caught krill was immediately stored at -20°C in the presence (to prevent freezing) (glycerol krill) and absence (frozen krill) of glycerol. Several protease inhibitors, monosodium glutamate and Ca
2+ were individually added to glycerol krill to inhibit endogenous proteolysis. The examinations described above were carried out after about 3-month storage at -20°C. In glycerol krill (un frozen state), viscoelastic parameters of the heat-induced gels and Ca
2+-ATPase activities of all the krill samples were similar to those of "surimi"(raw fish meat paste) of Alaska pollack which gave gel of good quality, although the micro structure (Z-lines) of myofibrils was different among the glycerol krill samples. In frozen krill, however, the parameters of the gel were different from those of "surimi", the ATPase activity was completely lost and disruption of the myofibril structure occurred. Refreezing ( - 20°C) of glycerol krill after removal of glycerol resulted in a marked decrease in the gelation ability. These results suggest that freezing of krill muscle causes deterioration of the gelation ability.
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Ichiro YAMASHITA, Sakuzo FUKUI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2889-2896
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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In the yeast
Saccharomyces diastaticus, expression of both glucoamylase-producing (STA) genes and a novel flocculation gene
FLO8 was greatly diminished by the mating-type locus
MATa/
MATα.
View full abstract
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Ryo YAMAUCHI, Tomoo YAMADA, Koji KATO, Yoshimitsu UENO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2897-2902
Published: 1983
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Methyl eicosapentaenoate (methyl 5, 8, 11, 14, 17-eicosapentaenoate) was subjected to autoxidation and methylene blue sensitized photooxidation. Methyl eicosapentaenoate monohydroperoxides, the primary products of the autoxidation and photosensitized oxidation, were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, and characterized by ultraviolet, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The isomeric composition of the monohydroperoxideswere determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as follows : the 5-, 8-, 9-, 11-, 12-, 14-, 15- and 18-isomers (autoxidation), and the 5-, 6-, 8-, 9-, 11-, 12-, 14-, 15-, 17- and 18-isomers (photosensitized oxidation). Methyl eicosapentaenoate was readily oxidized both by autoxidation and by photosensitized oxidation.
View full abstract
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Kazuaki HIGASHI, Isao KUSAKABE, Tsuneo YASUI, Tadayuki ISHIYAMA, Yoich ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2903-2905
Published: 1983
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Hiroyuki HORITSU, Satoshi FUTO, Kazuhiro OZAWA, Keiichi KAWAI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2907-2908
Published: 1983
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Kei-ichi SHIMAZAKI, Shunsuke TEZIMA, Kinjiro SUKEGAWA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2909-2912
Published: 1983
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Tateo SUZUKI, Jutaroh TAKAHATA, Kohei MIYAUCHI, Hiroshi MEGURO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2913-2914
Published: 1983
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-
Naoya KASAI, Ken-ichi FUKUHARA, Kohei ODA, Sawao MURAO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2915-2916
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Naoko SAKIHAMA, Yoshinori KITAGAWA, Yoshiji KITAZUME, Masateru SHIN
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2917-2919
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL
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Rokuro HARADA, Mariko IWASAKI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2921-2922
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL
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Akira NAKAMURA, Osamu IKEDA, Hirozo SEGAWA, Yasutomo TAKEUCHI, Tetsuo ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2923-2924
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL
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Mitsuo MIYAZAWA, Haruo MARUYAMA, Hiromu KAMEOKA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2925-2927
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Shintaro KAMIYA, Reiko TANAKA, Sachiko ESAKI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2929-2931
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Fernando E. FIGUEROLA, Takayuki SHIBAMOTO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2933-2934
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Mariko SAITO, Haruo SETO, Hiroshi YONEHARA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2935-2937
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Sayuti ARIGAYO, Kanzo SAKATA, Sachiko FUJISAWA, Akira SAKURAI, Sasongk ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2939-2940
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Silvia Yuko EGUCHI, Naomichi NISHIO, Shiro NAGAI
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2941-2943
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Resting cells of the methanogen strain HU, a formate-utilizing methanogenic bacterium, was able to utilize formate or hydrogen as electron donor for the production of NADPH from NADP
+ under suitable conditions. In the presence of 0.2% Triton X-100 and 0.3 M potassium phosphate, pH 9.0 at 30°C, the resting cells could convert ca. 60% of the exogenous NADP
+ into NADPH yielding ca. 6 g NADPH/liter. Phosphate ions greatly enhanced the NADPH production.
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Toshiaki UMEZAWA, Takayoshi HIGUCHI, Fumiaki NAKATSUBO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2945-2948
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Degradation of β-O-4 and β-1 lignin substructure model dimers under
18O
2 in a ligninolytic culture of a white rot fungus,
Phanerochaete chrysosporium, was investigated.
18O
2 was incorporated into C
α, in the C
α-C
β cleavage of the β-O-4 substructure, while
18O
2 was incorporated into C
β, but not into C
α, in the C
α-C
β cleavage of the β-1 substructure.
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Tomomi OKAZAKI, Tadashi NOGUCHI, Kiharu IGARASHI, Youji SAKAGAMI, Haru ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2949-2952
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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"Black vomit" is a serious disease in chicks and is caused by some kinds of fish meal in the diet. However, the causative compound has not been identified. In the present study, a new substance, 2-amino-9-(4-imidazolyl)-7-azanonanoic acid, has been isolated from mackerel meal and named Gizzerosine. This compound caused severe gizzard erosion in chiks within a week when it was fed to them at the level of 2.2ppm in the diet. Gizzerosine is produced during fish meal manufacturing by the reaction between histidine and protein in the fish meat. The discovery of Gizzerosine raises a new problem in food chemistry and animal nutrition.
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Shinzo ASHIDA, Takayuki SHIMAZAKI, Kazuyoshi KITANO, Shodo HARA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2953-2955
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Kanzo SAKATA, Kazuo INA
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2957-2960
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Toshihiko SUGANUMA, Katsutoshi BEPPU, Shigeo FUJIMOTO, Tomonori NAGAHA ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2961-2963
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Akitami ICHIHARA, Hideaki OIKAWA, Masaaki HASHIMOTO, Sadao SAKAMURA, T ...
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2965-2967
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Yoshihiro NISHIDA, Hiroshi OHRUI, Hiroshi MEGURO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2969-2971
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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J. J. MUKHERJEE, P. R. PAL
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2973-2975
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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Junji MORITA, Kazumitsu UEDA, Kuniko NAKAI, Yoshiko BABA, Tohru KOMANO
1983 Volume 47 Issue 12 Pages
2977-2979
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL
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