[in Japanese]

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We analyze from the viewpoint of P2M based on a total of 131 projects of 11 years of W-BRIDGE which is a regional industry-academia collaboration scheme, and propose a business formation method oriented to SDGs. SDGs, which are classified into 17goals, often fall into ”deep digging” in a single field, and there are cases where they deviate from the original purpose of solving real society problems. In this research, we show the method of promoting SDGs business formation by incorporating each method of P2M in a well-balanced manner, and verify the effectiveness of the method based on a wide range of past cases. Since SDGs attracts a great deal of interest not only in administration but also in corporate management and the general society, we keep in mind that the results of this research will be used in many fields.

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The City of Kitakyushu has been known as one of the most innovative local governments in environmental actions. It was designated as the Eco-Model City in 2008, the “Future City” in 2011, and the “SDGs Future City” in 2018 by the Japanese government. These are results of collaboration among industry, government, citizen and academia based on environmental activities in citizen-driven community. This research examines how such citizen-driven community was formed, and how various activities were implemented mainly in Yahata-Higashida area in the City of Kitakyushu. While examining the cases, we clarify circumstances of community management of the model city applicable to other cities by P2M method.

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The user is less for public transportation in a local city, and abolition and service reduction are performed in many areas. In order to supplement the public traffic blank area created by this, community buses and other services by local governments have come to be operated. However, profitability can’t be secured simply by substituting the abolished route, and the current situation is that it is covered by subsidies from the country. On the other hand, in this research, the community by the residents of the traffic blank area is defined as the within one mile community and examine consensus building methods for constructing sustainable community transportation by reorganizing community transportation led by residents.

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The Teshima case, one of the most important illegal industrial dumping incident in Japan, and the Teshima waste disposal project that restore environment by removing and detoxifying harmful substances, achieve establishing relationships between residents and local government with the keyword “co-creation”. In this research, we set the holistic mission of the program to solve the Teshima case, verify the effectiveness of relationship management and platform management that were behind the Teshima case and the Teshima waste disposal project. In addition, we propose a method to support the co- creation platform required for the next project cycle by strengthening the value base of information system using ICT and virtual reality (VR).

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It is still missing of software program to identify issues for recovery of Fukushima from local communities and residents to work on their solutions that in spite of more than eight years have passed since the accident that occurred at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The scope of research of the Fukushima Hirono Research Center for Sustainable Region (FHRC) embraces whole communities and the organizations in the affected areas in Fukushima. Especially, it functions as an academic research base on creation of social innovation for Fukushima reconstruction. The FHRC creating a project to solve the problem by clarifying Fukushima recovery issues by creating a place that dialogue based with various actors across fields and multi-generation. This research analyzes the process of creating a place for social innovation and fostering social acceptance in Fukushima.

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In P2M, we will set project goals based on our mission, respond flexibly to environmental changes through 3S models, and promote projects so that goals can be achieved. Agile Development Scrum receives requests from product owners, and team members themselves think and act. During the execution of the system model, it may be judged back to the scheme model, which may affect multiple projects running concurrently. With regard to coordination among projects, which is the task of the program, Agile Development Scrum will use a team member to build top teams in an ad hoc manner and work as a team to solve them. Such Agile Development Scrum members and members of Existing Development WaterFall model are required to have different competencies. In this paper, I describe the characteristics of teams and the change of community functions as program management and their correspondence.

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Recently progress on artificial intelligence technologies, especially machine learning is remarkable, and application of them into program and project management is expected. We have implemented the machine-learning agents which are able to learn project management action rules autonomously by controlling project behavior simulator, under the concept that ”project management could be modelled as a series of actions which are decided based on observed conditions and are directing control, in order to get closer to the target condition.” In this paper, we reformulate the machine learning agent on project management action rules, and address the insights obtained through implementation.

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To achieve the Japanese government’s Society 5.0 initiative, the goal of which is to realize a better society by utilizing both the physical space and the virtual space created by computer networks, it is essential to ensure that the data used accurately reflect social trends and that the privacy of individuals is not violated. This paper discusses how to handle information on the actions and behavior of individuals when seeking to realize a society in which people can live with a sense of peace and safety. It first argues that, when applying the theoretical framework of the P2M (project and program management) to a social system construction program, it is necessary to consider not only positive but also negative scenarios at the program design stage. As we proceed with engineering experiments based on the positive scenarios, we should also take appropriate measures and develop usage rules to avoid falling into the negative scenarios. As an example, this paper describes a positive scenario in which we realize a better society 20 years from now by using IoT and AI, and a negative scenario in which personal security is threatened by monopolistic data management that may result from technological evolution. This paper proposes a hierarchical model for managing information on the activities of individuals. This model shows how a negative scenario can be averted and helps the development of the industry. The paper proposes that introducing a distributed data management system, such as a blockchain, would be an effective way to prevent the improper use or disclosure of private information.

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The Program Officer (PO) system, which is said to be a research and development manager, has been introduced as one of the policies of science and technology system reform for the creation and utilization of excellent results in the Second Science and Technology Basic Plan. Twenty years have passed since then, and results have been recognized in the implementation of competitively funded research and development programs conducted by each ministry and agency, and there is a need for enhancement of personnel and management methods. The role played by PO is distinctive in terms of operation method within each ministry and agency, and the operation method is not the same. In addition, in research organizations such as companies and universities, the need for the role of PO in the work of managing research and development has come to be mentioned. This paper reports that P2M (Project & Program Management) method gives important theoretical background to PO business in the business of managing competitive funds to solve social problems of Ministry of the Environment. In the paper, the effectiveness in PO business is reported in the use of P2M's organizational concept, creative integrated management, logic model, etc.

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In recent years, the creation of social values such as “Society 5.0” launched by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, “SDGs”, and/or Michael Porter’s Shared Value Creation, is said popularly. To create social values from P2M perspective by bundling various shareholders, planning, executing and operating a program have been becoming more and more important. However, ignoring the financial point of view, program investments to create socially useful non-financial values increase negative legacies such as wasting debt and/or accumulating useless entities in the era of today’s Japan’s population decrease and low economic growth. By understanding such an environment, Program managers are required to create values that do not become negative legacies. From this point of view, identifying clearly financial values, non-financial values, profit organization and non-profit organizations, basic procedures for defining and proposing program values are shown.

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In recent years, value creation has become difficult by the company alone. Therefore, it is important to construct a ”business ecosystem (BE)” strategy. However, previous studies have focused on case studies, and few studies have been made on methodology for constructing BE strategies. So, in this research, we propose five frameworks (FW) to construct an effective BE strategy. In FW1, based on P2M theory, a series of construction procedures for deriving output information of BE strategy from input information of internal and external environment are shown. Furthermore, based on FW1, we proposed FW2-5 using the theory of system, architecture, standardization, and hierarchical Abernathy-Utterback model. The BE strategy in the case study of the photovoltaic power generation project created using these five FWs was evaluated by three value indicators (productivity, robustness, and niche player creation) that represent the health of the ecosystem. As a result, it was confirmed that these FWs were effective. Therefore, it can be concluded that these five FWs for constructing the ecosystem strategy are effective.

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In order to realize a sustainable society by solving social issues, a new concept of Collective Impact that creates co-creation value that balances economic value and social value is attracting attention. The expected role of P2M as a HUB between co-creation platforms and various players is expected to further increase in order to practice collective impact. This paper proposes the integration of P2M and Inclusive Design to practice Collective Impact.

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In the crisis to increasing fragmentations in the world, sustainable development vision is shared by peoples. In fact, SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) launched by UN for the period 2015- 2030 have lighted the hope to the weak and the poor. Social trust innovation is the advocated title which harmonizes with SDGs framework as well as ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) investment tools underlined by nations, government, industries, academia and the third parties’ organizations. Social citi- zens are willing to participate SDGs compound projects and the interest is focused on P2M viability to assure happiness to the results. Block Chain is the technology to lower hurdles of entry and leap frogging to P2M activist, entrepreneurs and start- ups. The benefits are accounted to traceability for P2P (peer to peer) transactions, transparency by digital records and proof of work safety on distributed ledger. The ap- plication may upgrade business viability for sharing economy and unique collaboration.

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Local communities are collapsing, making communication difficult between the government and citizens. In particular, opportunities for people in adolescence and beyond to participate in local communities, which have remained functioning so far, as a lifelong learning place, have decreased, contributing to the progress of intergenerational and regional disparities. There is a need to develop a scheme that allows people in adolescence to play a proactive part in local revitalization. Based on previous studies on network organizations and idea promotion, this study proposes an organizational system and operational process to encourage people to play a proactive role, with a view to creating a decentralized mobile community in which people in adolescence can easily participate.

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In this paper, a method of realizing Society5.0 for solving social problems is studied. The fact that the conventional P2M theory (Version 2.0) is a method to manage the solution of corporate issues is focused on. By applying the theory to both typical corporate and social issues and comparing the results, the issues specific to the social problems is clarified. As a result, it is found that Profiling management for consensus building of many stakeholders, Architecture management and Life cycle management that anticipates uncertainty, and Platform management to promote best practices sharing, etc. are desirable to be discussed.

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”BURA NALC” is a program designed to bridge the gap between academia and people, and is the outreach of my research on collaboration between industry and universities. From the viewpoint of P2M, it provides a service model for collaborative research and a scheme model for this research. Society 5.0 was included as one of the core policies in 5th Science and Technology Basic Plan in December 2015,similar to Industrie 4.0 announced by Germany in 2012. The SDGs were determined in Agenda 2030 by the United Nations in September 2015. In Japan, the SDGs are considered to be a key issue for regional revitalization projects in another organization of the Cabinet Office. The SDGs helped Japan to win the right to host EXPO KANSAI･OSAKA in 2025. I am trying to merge both projects through “BURA NALC to promote understanding, among people in satellite cities of Osaka.

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[in Japanese]

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With regard to the preceding thesis related to ODA (Official Development Assistance) programs/projects, many of them deal with the content of a project or program and there are few thesis about the implementation structure of programs and projects, in particular, program/project manager. Then, the author, who is a member of International Association of P2M and also has been involved in ODA business for a long time, tried to pursue how ideal program/project manager should be in ODA business. First, the author confirmed the roles of program/project managers in ODA business according to the existing guideline (JICA Business Management Handbook) and also researched the actual roles of program/project managers in the real setting. Second, he compared such guideline and reality in ODA business with the figure expected in P2M theory. Finally, the author identified the ideal situation of program/project managers in ODA business and, moreover, he clarified the capacity to practice necessary to realize such situation.

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The creation of new businesses by local residents in recent rural areas has been attracting attention as creating jobs, encouraging local residents to participate in regional projects, and contributing to the solution of social problems in the region. However, there is no established law on the process of creating ideas for new business ideas and forming programs that embody and implement ideas. On the other hand, in Europe, methods using communication management are attracting attention. In this paper, author propose about new business creation support method in rural areas using communication management. based on the local hearing survey on the case of the province of Puglia in Italy conducted, in addition to the past efforts in Japan,

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The purpose of this article is to propose the curriculum design for human resources development of the“Director for Vitalizing Regional Economies” based on “3S model” of P2M platform management. The paper explores the following three research issues: (1) trends in content marketing (2) inbound reginal tourism promotion planned by destination corresponding to service process, and (3) investigate the trend of major media used by inbound tourists before and during travel.

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As modern society grow more sophisticated and complicated, it is required to create a highly resilient organization that can adapt to changing demands. Aoyama Gakuin University has been implementing PBL classes since 2013 using instructional design methods. However, in such a PBL project aimed at solving social problems, there were some cases that the problems were not solved because of the students’ lack of observation ability about the problems. Even though the problems were solved, the solutions were simple and creativity was not included enough. Thus, since 2016, the PBL project has been operated by an educational organization that applied P2M. In this research, we examined the educational organization which was a support system of the PBL project from the viewpoint of resilience improvement.

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Relations of organizations that are involved in a plant construction project are becoming more complex because the sizes of projects are also becoming larger. Contractors are competing to be awarded for a project under International bid and are forced to execute the project under a limited amount of budget and tight schedule even if they win the bid. Which tends to lead such a project to unforeseen situations. This research aims to show measures to have good teamwork for better resilience of organizations involved in a project, using Internet questionnaire and statistical analysis, based on the hypothesis that organizations of good teamwork are able to address problems appropriately even if any unforeseen problems occur, and there are project management practices that can strengthen teamwork.

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The role of program managers of P2M is extracting various problems to be solved and leading to solution. To resolve this situation, it is necessary to contrive methods that suit each site and redefine objectives. Given such a situation, it is possible to utilize the capability of Gemba. To produce is a process of “co-operation”, which is that Gemba becomes one and create new value together. For this, we need not only program managers but also Program officers. The role of program officers is to coordinate by the system thinking into Gemba and to change the organization to encourage the motivation of “Gemba” to accomplish the mission. This report is a preliminary study on the roles and necessary actions of program officers who maximize the capability of Gemba to enhance competitiveness.

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In the previous report, we proposed the “P2M-OJT” method and evaluation index as a method for developing human resources who can understand and practice the P2M concept that can contribute to sustainable business as a measure to achieve corporate sustainability. In the previous report, “P2M-OJT” was defined as a method for developing human resources through carrying out project programs and solving problems with teams on the theme of real problems. However, the implementation and evaluation of effectiveness about the “P2M-OJT“ methodology has not been achieved. In this paper, we report practical cases of “P2M-OJT“ in a company, evaluate based on the evaluation index already proposed, and report the result and problem in human resource development.

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In recent years products and services, and many business model development sites, there are many companies that hold short-term workshops and create ideas to propose ideas in line with changes in the environment. While short-term workshops have the advantage of being able to quickly bring up ideas, they are not always sufficiently reviewed, and have the problem that they are not unique and there are many similar ideas. According to the previous report of the authors, it is proposed to organize ideas by performing reflection on ideas using ”Inverted Triangle”, but it is assumed to be done after ideas have been fully reviewed. The results of short-term workshops are not considered. In this research, in order to reinterpret the ”focused point” of the idea created in the short-term workshop and improve the description about ”uniqueness”, a proposal sheet for preparing the idea inside the idea was proposed and its effect was confirmed.

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A program manager need to think nature of things and organize the original observation, using initial ideation method of profiling. On the other hand, in P2M guide book and previous studies does not mention any specific method especially on implementing primary profiling method for structuring overall problem. This paper deals with actualizing method for supporting initial insight using profiling method by experimenting initial insight process based on Kawakita’s field science method and confirmed effectivity using case study method. In the further study, we need to format a list of possible issues for arranging practice environment by clarifying learning process of intuition ability, testing training method, so on and so forth.

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Many countries raised their interest in a participatory mechanism concerning project management of High Radioactive Waste (HLW). Nevertheless, the participatory mechanism does not always guarantee an increase in social trust and acceptance of the project. By reviewing the French CNDP, this paper analyzes the participatory mechanism and attempts to clarify the factors impeding an increase in social trust and support through deliberation. The current paper discusses that the lack of policy uptake and failure of an explicit goal setting of the debate are the fundamental issues despite the quality outcome of the participatory mechanism.

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Regarding the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in Japan, there has been no widespread public debate. As no candidate site selection has progressed and it is long way to social acceptance. In order to overcome, technical one-way communication by experts is conducted under assumption of citizen’s lack of technical safety is a main cause. The approach is criticized as a ”Deficit model”, but because of its ambiguity, it is still debated today. There is not enough research accumulation on its significance and limitations. This paper applies the method of P2M theory to social acceptance of the geological disposal of HLW by analyzing the citizen’s attitude change by “Deficit model” communication case. And it shows the limit of the current dialogue project of the HLW geological disposal which is placing too much on the technical safety.

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Despite the widely recognized importance and the standardized process of project & program risk management, there are still difficulties in implementing and executing the process in practical situations. It is assumed that an underlying cause would be ”the difficulty of making trade-off decisions about risk events with uncertain conditions.” In this paper, we provide a new explanation of the practical difficulties of risk management from the point of view of transaction cost theory and prospect theory. We propose an integrated approach of machine learning and knowledge creation process, i.e., machine-in-the-loop knowledge creation process for the purpose of further enhancement of project & program risk management. Furthermore, we also evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method based on the interviews of practitioners in product development organizations.

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One of the problems facing Japanese society is the risk of cyber-attacks targeting industrial control system that supports critical infrastructures. If this cyber incident risk occurs, safety responses (Safe) should be carried at an organization for operation-technologies (OT). Simultaneously, security responses (Sec) should be started at an organization for information-technology (IT). A management framework that links various parties is essential for achieving clear objectives. Under the P2M framework, the OT side and IT side responses can be regarded as a Safe project and Security project, respectively. In this paper, the authors discuss cyber incident management in the critical infrastructure by using the P2M framework.

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The power selling price in the fixed price acquisition system of renewable energy (FIT) is decreasing year by year, and the surcharge imposed in addition to the usual electricity rate is gradually increasing. Under these circumstances, it is necessary for the installers to be able to expect profits to compensate for the initial investments and for the total system to be managed so that the surcharge can fall within socially acceptable levels. Therefore, based on the actual data, we investigated the profit situation of the households which introduced the solar power generation, and conducted a brief survey on the social cost level of surcharge. As a result, it was found that the introduction of photovoltaic power generation in 2025, which has a lower selling price, is easier to generate profits because of the decreased initial costs. In the future, further improvement of management is necessary for securing the income of the introduced households and maintaining the appropriate level of surcharge.

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[in Japanese]

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The Fukushima NPP Disaster in 2011 clarified various social challenges related to nuclear power generation in Japan. Due to intervention and coordination by The Cabinet Office which has the authority strengthened and its functions strengthened based on the new Nuclear Emergency Response Guidelines, more municipalities have been involved to formulate emergency evacuation plans in the regions hosting the nuclear facilities. This paper applies P2M theory and 3S-Model framework to see emergency evacuation plan making: “Scheme Model” to develop the plan, “System Model” to examine the effectiveness, and “Service Model” to revise and update the plan. Based on the questionnaire survey conducted in 2016, which targeted 1050 residents in three regions: Sendai, Ikata, and Takahama, this paper clarifies challenges to be required for realization of “reasonable and concrete“ emergency evacuation plans.

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