1996年に発生したO157病原大腸菌による食中毒は1県に終わらず全国に感染拡大し,年間総数も9314人という数に上り,11人の死亡者を墨した。O157病原大腸菌の特徴は赤痢薗と同じベロ毒素を有し,腸管出血を起こすだけでなく,腸管より血中へ入ったこの毒素は溶血を起こして,溶血性尿毒症症候群を発症させ,極めて重篤な腎障害を起こし,死に至ることがある。成人では下痢程度で軽快すること多いので,保菌者として他の人に感染を起こす元となるだけでなく,子供では上記のように重篤に陥りやすいので,大人は下痢をしたときの対応に気をつけて,手洗い,調理法,調理用具,食材の保管など衛生,清潔に配慮すべきである。治療はニューキノロン系の抗生物質を4～5日間投与するが,壊れた菌より毒素が放出されるので,全身状況を見ながら慎重に対応する必要がある。
厚生省(現厚生労働省)ではその後,指定伝染病として法定伝染病と同じ措置をとり,鎮静化してきたようにみえるが,1997年,1998年にも多数発生し,対策が十分とはいえない状況にある。

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The present study examined safety awareness and behaviors among elementary, junior high and senior high school students by a quesitionnaire survery. By the exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, the factors of question items were extracted and the causal structure was explained among safety behavior and other factors. Furthermore, a structural model was confirmed by covariance structure analysis.
Secondly, based on five factors explained by the factor analysis of question items, the safety self check sheet about safety competence were developed by the procedyre of standardization

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It is necessary to enrich the systematic control of safety in the public facilities, workplaces, schools and communities to prevent the accident disaster for the safety of the person's life. Fundamentally, it is the most important to protect our lives by ourselves. As for the purpose of that, we must bring up the person who can find a dangerous situation, get rid of it and take safe behavior.
However, an examination about the safety competence that is a basis for safety behavior hasn't been done for not less than several years. Because of this, the research committee on safety competence was established by the Japanese Association of Safety Education, and it did the following research to build the basic theory that would be effective in the2lst century.
Formerly, there were three types of theory as to the safety competence: the theory of the elements that are necessary for accident prevention, the theory concerning coping with accidents, and the theory of psychosomatic function as safety competence.
Our committee tried to build new theory of the safety competence based on the previous investigation about the safety consciousness and behavior of students. We proposed the definition of safety competence and analyzed the structure of it. From our point of view, the core of the safety competence was humanity. Finally, we reached the conclusion that it was the most important for whom could do safe life to have better judgment and knowledge, and to acquire the sense of humanity and skills to do with accidents.

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Vol. 1 (2001) No. 1 p. 121-133
修正箇所：論文名

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