The purpose of this paper is to focus on the cultural politics of the International Olympic Committee's co-option of lifestyle sports into the Olympic Games, and to consider the inevitable ‘conflicts’ that lifestyle sports face in relation to the Olympic Games. The inevitable conflict is that when lifestyle sports are included in the Olympic Games, they are required to “identify” with the modern sporting ideology of “achievement sports” as described by Henning Eichberg. In the following, the process of discussion of this paper is briefly presented.
　In Chapter 1, the meaning of the birth and development of lifestyle sports is reaffirmed as a unique sporting culture of ‘resistance’ and ‘alternatives’ to the modern sporting ideology of ‘achievement sport’.
　In chapter 2, the process of inclusion of lifestyle sports into the Olympic Games by the IOC will focus on the differences in cultural politics before and after the Olympic Agenda 2020, which was adopted by the IOC General Assembly in December 2014.
　In Chapter 3, “conflicts” that arise when lifestyle sports are included in the Olympic Games and when lifestyle sports are required to “identify” with the ideology of modern sports are examined. In considering this issue, it is worth noting Antoine Cantin-Brault's analysis of skateboarding, which draws on the concept of ‘Reification’ developed by Theodor Adorno in his Dialectic of the Negative (1966). Although Cantin-Brault stated that Skateboarding's likelihood of becoming an Olympic sport in 2020 will all but certainly be the final nail in the coffin of its reification [Cantin-Brault, 2015:65], the way in which his “prophecy” is interpreted will have a bearing on the nature of lifestyle sports after the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

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　The editorial board, discussing sport and technological innovation, referred to a superhuman sports committee in a special article in Volume 23 of the Japan Journal of Sport Sociology. In the seven years since then, the Superhuman Sports Association has been incorporated and carried out various activities. The technology called Human-Augmentation has developed rapidly and is called “human-machine integration”. Engineering is trying to implement these technologies based on interdisciplinary research, such as neuroscience and medicine. In 2013, the 2020 Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics bid succeeded, and a platform was built among stakeholders for the development of science and technology in fields that Japan excels in, such as animation and robotics. At the same time, Human-Augmentation technology has advanced research on human beings' “sense of self-ownership” and “sense of self-agency”. As a result, it has become necessary for social scientists to reexamine the human body as a physical body, which modern sports science has taken for granted. The Avatar, which is integrated with human characteristics, also created a change in the recognition of whether it was within the range of “I” or “machine”. Additionally, it is now necessary for the establishment of rules such as whether humans or machines are responsible for unexpected accidents, personal rights and information protection, physical activities, and personal activities, considering the discussion of economic security in science and technology. It is also necessary to manage the big data of physiological information. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that there is a danger that humans may become adapted to machine dependence, and as a result the functioning on their mind and body will be reduced, and the ability of a single sports athlete could be reduced due to changes and adaptations between humans and machines. Sports are played with so-called inconvenient arrangements and rules - for example not allowing hand ball in association football - and Human-Augmentation technology is a technology for overcoming inconvenient situations in daily life. Similarly, through Human-Augmentation in Sport, people may accept the introduction of technology to better enjoy sports. Therefore, it is suggested that a discussion of the “image of human beings” is made possible through sports by Human-Augmentation technology.

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　Focusing on “Yuru Sports”, this paper examined possibilities of structural change and cultural transformation of sport “fields”. Based on Bourdieu's discussion of the “fields”, the analysis was conducted from the perspectives of reproduction strategies, acquisition of legitimacy and symbolic struggle.
　“Yuru Sports” have a value consciousness of “immediacy, playability and secularity” relativizing modern sport, and focus on “creating” sport in response to social issues. In the process of “creating”, the viewpoint from “minorities” is considered important, and the theoretical methodology of “minority design” is emphasized.
　The development of “Yuru Sports” focused more on increasing sustainability of the field where the sports were created rather than spreading and developing them as individual sports. From the management of the World Yuru Sports Association, it was observed that the Association planned to form its own professional sport “field” and establish relative autonomy, based on sport as industry.
　Next, the study focused on the movement toward the industrialization, which is closely linked to the methodology of promoting “Yuru Sports”. By organizing the tectonic shift from “sport as education” to “sport as industry” from the perspective of the “sacred-secular-play” diagram and cultural functions, the characteristics of “Yuru Sports” and the possibilities of structural change were examined.
　In order to gain legitimacy as an industry, sport and its self-reflective function as a form of play will be further questioned. In this sense, “Yuru Sports” suggest the possibility of acquiring legitimacy through the methodology of internalizing self-reflective thinking by questioning its' own existence in the process of “creation” with minorities as the starting point.
　Furthermore, the study focused on the “new sports” movement in Japan analyzing its strategy and the way it was swallowed by the framework of modern sports in order to analyze the trend of “Yuru Sports” relatively.
　Finally, the potential of “Yuru Sports” was examined from the perspective of well-being and cultural enjoyment, the creation of a sport-creating culture, and cultural transformation.

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　Sports events that take advantage of the culture and environment of rural areas have been actively held in many places in Japan. Sports events can be an effective tourism industry in areas that attempt revitalization, but the industrialization of sports events may lead to the emotional labor of the participating residents “hospitality” [Sudo, 2008].
　How were the volunteer residents expected to manage their emotions in the industrialized sports events and how did they respond? This paper discusses the marathon event for community development in Tome City, Miyagi Prefecture, as a case study.
　At the event, the organizers saw the event as an opportunity to entertain the runners. On the other hand, the residents reinterpreted it as the opportunity to maintain and reconfigure their relationships. This reinterpretation enabled residents to participate in the event without falling into emotional labor.
　Previous research on sports events and regional revitalization has mainly focused on the management methods of the events from the perspective of “impact” and “community development”. In these studies, the behavior of residents has been analyzed from the perspective of project management. The behavior out of the philosophy of the project hasn't been the subject of discussion. This paper clarifies the logic and behavior of local residents who relativize the philosophy of the project by looking at local life, and discusses the significance and limitations of the findings of emotional labor.

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