Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) has rapidly grown in the early 21st century. This research will discuss poverty and sport, because poverty is one of the major remaining issues of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The Homeless World Cup is an international futsal event held annually to combat poverty, in which only homeless people can participate. This research verifies these activities and achievements of 3 participating countries, Zimbabwe, Cambodia and The Netherlands in the Homeless World Cup. From this, the author examines unsolved issues of the SDP in the MDGs’ era, and overviews a healthy and ideal SDP in the new SDGs’ era.
　Although the research was conducted under various conditions and a comparative study is not fully meaningful, some common elements in “personal development” of participants are seen in all 3 countries. Additionally, their commitment to the Homeless World Cup decreased in 3 countries in common. The biggest difference among 3 countries was the utilizational and visibility levels of the personal development in each society, because of the limitations of the social and economic circumstances in each country. For the effective evaluation of SDP, delving into the voices and dialogues in the actual field and comprehensive analysis of results achieved with consider the development status and characteristics of the society will be important. Finding the meaning of SDP in such societies, and the value of sport in the development context will be expected in the new SDGs’ era.

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　Although, Sport for Development (SfD) has received much attention in the 21st century, the UN has not provided clear guidelines on SfD since 2017, when the sports-specific office closed. However, the number of corporations joining SfD has increased.
　This paper examines the situation of a SfD NGO funded by corporate donors and analyzes how the donor companies influence the design of local SfD programs. The study applies the case study approach, focusing on the Laureus Sport for Good Foundation, which started programs in Japan in 2019.
　Since 2015, when the UN announced the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the management and CSR strategies of companies in Global North have aimed to contribute to the realization of the SDGs. This trend also influences SfD, so that more corporations are joining SfD as donors. For the Laureus Sport for Good Foundation, approximately 70% of its total income has been funded by corporate donors. As a result of the MUFG Bank becoming a global partner of the foundation, two Japanese programs were started in 2019.
　New global corporations and SfD organizations have become interested in joining the SfD programs in Japan because of the foundation’s initiatives. However, why the foundation targeted Japan and how it designed the two local programs were influenced by the corporate donors’ management and CSR strategies. Before the global SfD NGO’s presence gets bigger, the appropriate social issues and ways to tackle them through sports should be identified based on Japanese context.

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　This paper reviews the development of the national sports policy in Japan. It provides a brief synopsis of the evolution of the sport for development and peace (SDP) movement in Japan and outlines the government’s administrative system for implementing the SDP program. It provides an analysis of government policies and objectives for SDP and the nature and extent of government supported SDP programs that are focused on (1) the contributions of sport to the SDGs undertaken by the Japan Sports Agency; (2) Sport For Tomorrow (international contributions to a sports initiative jointly implemented by the public and private sectors); and (3) the sport and development projects undertaken by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). This article addresses the urgent need for a critical analysis of the relationships between poverty reduction strategies and SDP programs in Japan that are enshrined in the SDP framework. The last decade has seen considerable changes in the way Japanese sport has been governed, developed, and funded, yet these findings suggest there are strong expectations of SDP programs, while very little attention has been paid to the context of poverty reduction strategies.

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　This paper discusses how sports can be used to solve community problems while improving the profits of the organizations involved.
　Generally, nonprofit organizations (NPOs) work to address social and regional issues. However, many nonprofit organizations have financial limitations, as do community sports clubs, which serve as the main players in addressing community problems through sports. Therefore, this paper focuses on social enterprises, namely, organizations that aim not only to contribute to society and their local communities, but also to make a profit. A private ten-pin bowling alley at X city tackles the problem of the lack of social relationships between neighbors by encouraging participation in bowling at their facility. This paper clarifies why and how the bowling alley manages to build social relationships while generating profits.
　The bowling alley has made great efforts to reach out to potential players and keep them playing frequently. As the number of people gathering there at regular intervals increases, the profit of the alley also increases, and the social relationships among people are strengthened. In addition, the manager and owner are familiar with the characteristics of their local community, and therefore able to create strategies that are well-suited to its residents.

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