The price of precious coral has been soaring in relation to increasing in the global demand. Given this situation, the economic and political dynamism over precious coral is also affecting the regional fisheries in specific local area.

In Kashiwajima Island, precious coral fishery has been rapidly expanded in response to the soaring prices of precious coral. In contrast, other small-scale fisheries were greatly diminished. Fishermen came to seek raw Paracorallium japonicum, and it was inferred that precious coral resources was getting worse to some extent. Such a change was also induced by the experiences of precious coral fishery and low economy of other fisheries. To make precious coral fishery sustainable, it is important to support regional fisheries as a whole.

In early modern Japan, only Northern Kyushu region generated “giant whaling enterprise”, which mobilized thousands labors and managed several whaling groups. This article analyzes such organization, Doi-Gumi（土肥組, Doi whaling group） to clarify internal factors to the expansion and its historical implication. Whaling group in Northern Kyushu consisted of small-scale subunits with high autonomy, therefore managerial cost was reduced to operate several whaling groups. Doi-Gumi’s administrative organization for wide area operations loosely comprised of member of dozoku and local wealthy class; in contract another enterprise had hierarchical administrative organization. It had advantage to obtain resources from local society for the enlargement, but it determined its regionalistic managerial behavior and resulted unproductive management, which caused Doi-Gumi’s decline.