The purpose of this research is to clarify the background and conditions of the whaling enterprises in Kyushu entering the Mishima Sea in the late Edo period. The advance of whaling companies in Kyushu to the fishery in Kitaura area (North Western Coast of Yamaguchi Prefecture) started from the mid-modern period. After that, continued changing the fishing ground until late Edo period. Among them, the superiority of the whaling industry of Kayoi, Setozaki and Kawashiri was seen. Whaling companies in Kyushu fished in most of the Kitaura area fishing grounds. Due to the declining trend of captured whales in the Saikai region, whaling companies in Kyushu pioneered the development of fishing grounds in Kitaura area. On the other hand, the Hagi clan later in the early modern era began using the activities of whaling companies in Kyushu, following the entry into the Mishima Sea.

Sea cucumber fisheries began in Fiji in the 1800s, replacing sandalwood as the main export commodity. Export figures show that high-value species have declined in recent years. Therefore, the export of sandfish, Holothuria scabra, and the use of underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) for the commercial harvesting of sea cucumbers has been prohibited in Fiji. Kumi Village is known to have an abundance of Arc shells (Anadara spp), which are collected and sold at the municipal market. The village took the initiative to replenish their sea cucumber stock by building a sea cucumber pen, but the project was destroyed in a tropical cyclone. This report describes the management system of a village in Fiji that is actively managing its resources.

The decreasing population in seashore societies in Japan is a serious problem. Some fishing villages cannot use and manage well their coastal resources because of the lack of number of fishers. For the continued existence of seashore societies, it is the issue that how we can use well other regional resources as well as sea products. We can see such activities in the seashore village located at the Uchitomi Area in Obama, Fukui prefecture. The aims of this paper are, 1)to show the cooking method, background, and historical regional trading: Sato-uri of a local food: Nare-zushi; 2)to consider the possibility of the regional development based on the cultural aspect of Nare-zushi.

This study focuses on the seaweed laver farming in Korea. In globalization, the laver industries in East-Asia are closely related. Among them, Korea and Japan have strong connection from old times. Until late 1990’s, Japan had led the global laver industry and developed essential technologies for it. But after, Korea overtook Japan in the wet-laver production and has rapidly grown up while Japan expanded the scale of imported laver because of gradually decreased laver production. Recently, they reached an agreement on the volume increase of the laver import quota to Japan. However the rapid growth of Korean laver industry causes indirect effects internally. The structural imbalance has threatened the laver farming field. So this is intended as an investigation of the status and prospect for the laver farming with a field survey. As a result, there were 3 types of farming method in Korea and they got each managerial characteristics. First, “The Pole System” shows the highest gross margin and profit-margin ratio and it’s focusing on small production but high quality lavers. And “The Floating System” has the largest business scale and is focusing on mass production with lower quality lavers. Lastly, “The Set-System” has not only the highest total cost but also the highest total sales and unit-productivity at the same time. And it is focusing on mass production with average quality lavers. As a vision of futurity, further movements with reinforcing each characteristics are expected.

This paper indicates one of the smooth function examples of TAC of Japanese system. TAC of Japanese system is defined in this paper following; TAC is decided by the Fishery Agency and the management under TAC is carried out by industrial organizations. The reasons for the smooth functions are 1) the preset rules, 2) adjusting to the situation gradually, 3) hierarchical negotiation, 4) fluid communication between the national industrial organization and fishers. Fishers do not believe IQ is necessary presently. Though if the snowcrab resource decreases, more fishers may agree with IQ. Because introducing IQ means the government’s responsibility for the fishers’ operations will become greater, it must be carefully considered from various points beforehand.

As for the marine products industry, a job growth and the labor circumstances improvement of the new employee are needed toward development of the stable culture business now. The welfare industry performs an action called “Noufukurenkei” to solve this problem. This is to engage in agriculture as working support of the people with a disability. However, this has few examples reported in the marine products industry. However, an NPO corporation in Ainan town, Ehime Prefecture runs aquaculture business as a work support for persons with disabilities. When examining this case, matching between welfare and fisheries worked well.