A pyridoxalated hemoglobin polyoxyethylene conjugate (Stabilized hemoglobin: SHb) is prepared from outdated human blood through chemical modifications of the hemoglobin. In order to eliminate viruses and erythrocytic stroma completely, the purification process of the hemoglobin solution using ultrafiltration with a membrane of the nominal molecular weight limit 300 Kdaltons was added to SHb preparation processes. SHb prepared by this method had similar oxygen carrying capacity to red blood cell and a physiologically acceptable viscosity and colloid osmotic pressure as a blood substitute.
Spot hybridization tests of the SHb final products for four viruses (Hepatitis B, Herpes Simplex Virus, Cytomegaro and Epstein-Barr Viruses) were carried out and the presence of their antigens was denied.
By process analysis it was shown that blood group specific substances derived from red blood cell membrane were removed in the purification process of the hemoglobin solution using ultrafiltration.

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Six groups of mongrell dogs in which a right nephrectomy had been before four weeks were experimented. Acute renal failure was induced by clamping the left renal artery with a serrefine for two to 4.5 hours. In the acute experiment., ischemic time was set two hours. In group 1, only complete occlusion was made as the control group. SHb solution (50ml/kg) was infused into the group 2 after the occlusion. There was no change in RBF in the group 1. In the group 2, . REF increased more than 200 ml/min that was three times more before the clamping. And then survival experiment was attempted, obstructingg left renal artery for three hours in group 1 for four hours in group 2, for 4.5 hours in group 3. In group 4, obstructing left renal artery for four hours and infused low molecular dextran (50ml/kg) as the control group. In group 4, they died in lung edema on the experimental day. In group 1, 2 & 3, they survived more than 4 weeks even with their impaired kidney function. SHb was recognized to be effective solution for relief of post-ischemic acute renal failure.

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Neo Red Cells (NRC) prepared by encapsulating Stroma Free Hemoglobin (SFH) together with the allosteric effecter in liposomes, sufficiently function as an artificial oxygen carrier under physiological conditions. NRC s oxygen transporting capacity was quantitatively investigated and its histopathological retrieval was executed by infusing NRC into artificially prepared anemia model rabbits.
Artificially prepared anemia model rabbits (Hb conc.=1.8g/dl, Hct=5.7%, exchange transfusion rate=85%) were infused with NRC suspension (Hb conc.=4g/dl) at a rate of 40ml/kg. The rabbits recovered from hypoxia immediately; their hyperglycemia and lacticemia disappeared 5 to 6 hours after the infusion. The Rabbit's physiologicall condition was stable over 20 hours. and no significant differences were observed between the rabbits infused with NRC suspension andd those infused with washed red blood cell (WRBC) suspension (Hb conc.=4g/dl). The ratio of oxygen transported by NRC, WRBC, plasma was 62%, 30%, 8% respectively. As to pathosis, no significant changes were observed with any organs of the rabbits infused with the NRC surface modified with PEG-PE for prevention of coagulation in plasma.

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