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S. ECHIGO, T. MATSUDA, T. KAMIYA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1186-1189
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We developed a new transvenous technique for closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Prototype device for closure of PDA was made of shape memory polymer. The artificial great arteries model with “ductus arteriosus” was used for in vitro evaluation of the device. The device was inserted into “ductus artriosus” easily by guiding wire and pushing catheter. The introduction of hot water (50°C) through the catheter resulted in expanding of shape of the device. The device stayed in the “ductus arteriosus” without any support. The increased “aortic” pressure and decreased shunt flow were simultaneously observed. The prototype technique developed here promises clinical application.
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E. SATOH, T. KIDO, A. SUGITACHI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1190-1193
Published: June 15, 1990
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Gastric ulcers in DM rats were treated with our newly devised combined drug, “G. T. XllI”. Gastric ulcer were induced with acetic acid solution to DM rats, which were induced with Streptozotosin. 3 days after, the all rats were gastrotomied to confirm ulcer formation. Then G. T. XII sol was directly injected to the ulcers (treated group, 8 rats). Only gastrotomy was given to non-treated group(6 rats). The healing process of the ulcers were macroscopically and historogically obserbed for three to 14 days. Macroscopically and histologically, the treated ulcers showed well organized healing process within a short term. These data suggest that topical injection of G. T. XIII promotes ulcer healing.
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T. OKOSHI, Y. NOISHIKI, Y. TOMIZAWA, M. MORISHIMA, H. KOYANAGI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1194-1197
Published: June 15, 1990
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We evaluated the safety of a new antithrombogenic cardiac wall substitute composed of collagen-coated ultrafine polyester mesh cross-linked by a hydrophilic polyepoxy compound (CUFP), from the long-term results of animal experiments. The CUFPs were implanted as patches in the right ventricular outflow tract in 20 dogs. Almost no thrombi were attached to the inner surface of the CUFP up to 28 days after implantation, and a neointima, which was almost completely endothelialized, had been formed. Fibroblasts and vasa vasorum were seen inside both the neointima and the graft wall. At 168 days, transmission electron microscopy revealed smooth muscle-like cells in the neointima with endothelialization. The CUFP at 486 days had maintained a white, shiny, smooth, thin and uniform neointima with endothelialization. Neither ulcer nor thrombus formation was seen on the surface. The CUFP, which thus became a kind of host organ with a framework of ultrafine polyester fiber, metabolizes in the host body. Therefore, we believe that there is little possibility of subsequent degeneration over the long-term and the CUFP maintains the neointima formed on its surface.
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K. ISHIKAWA, [in Japanese], T. Ohshiro
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1198-1201
Published: June 15, 1990
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central venous catheterization in 29 patients were prospective study with respect to “Pull-out” phlebography after a duration 20.3±10.6 days. Thrombi were present in 14 (45.2%) of 31 catheters. Two types of thrombosis were demonstrated 1) fibrin sheath (fibrin sleeve) type on 5 occasions (36%), 2) mural thrombus (parietal thrombus) on 9 occasions (64%). Any embolism from thrombi such as pulmonary embolism was not observed. The incidence of catheter-related sepsis was 19.4% on 6 occasions and 5 (83.3%) of those had thrombus. This study suggests that urokinase-treated polyuretane catheters have particulary a lower thrombogenicity and a few thrombus would reduce catheter-related sepsis.
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M. TANIGUCHI, H. TAKEYAAMA, I. MIZUO, N. SHINAGAWA, N. YOSHIYAMA, H. A ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1202-1205
Published: June 15, 1990
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For a long-term parenteral nutrition, catheter-related sepsis must be controlled. For this purpose, we developed a intravenous catheter with percutaneous device made of dense sintered hydroxyapatite (HAp-PD), and tried to use it for 2 patients. No disinfection treatment was made since 30 days after implantation. HAp-PD were removed after 60 and 96 days after implantation, without no infectious symptoms clinically. Histologically, skin attached to HAp-PD closely and little inframmatory change was seen. This study proved excellent biocompatibility and clinical usefullness ofHAp-PD.
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[in Japanese]
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1206
Published: June 15, 1990
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S HASHIMOTO, K NISHIGUCHI, Y ABE, M NIE, T TAKAYAMA, H ASARI, S KAZAMA ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1207-1210
Published: June 15, 1990
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(i) Uniform sinu-soidally fluctuating (50-800 s
-1) shear rates were applied to canine blood which was contained in the concavo-convex Couette-flow test system, and evaluation of thrombus formation was derived from the clotting ratio (determined from the rate of increase of frictional torque between two cones). (ii) The relation between thrombus formation (clot in the pump & emboli in the kidney) and the flow-rate was examined in left ventricular bypass animal (goat) tests with pneumatically driven pulsatile pump for 3-35 days. The results show that clotting ratio decreases when the time of application of lower (<100 s
-1) shear rate is modified by intermittent application of higher (>500 s
-1) shear rates.
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S. TATSUGI, N. AKAMATSU, Y. HAMADA, I. NAKAJIMA, Y. YANANOTO, T. HORIU ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1211-1214
Published: June 15, 1990
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Radiological examination regarding the influence on the fixation of the socket in the acetabulum by the congruity of the stem was carried out to 32 hips operated on with our total hip system on the average of three years after surgery. The ages of the patients were ranged from forty to eighty-one, on the average of sixty-three years old. All cases were divided into good and poor groups in the evaluation on the congruity between bone and stem.The degrees of the migration of the socket were not related to both groups, but influenced by the inserted angle into the acetabulum. In the group of good cpngruity of the stem to bone sockets moved to the varus position when inserted angles of the. soekets were not ideal such as over 40 degrees or under 30 degrees. In poor group migration of the socket was observed even if inserted angle was ideal such as around 35 degrees. The migration was started about one to three years after surgery. In order to prevent the migration of the socket it should be inserted into acetabulum with 35 degrees to the horizontal line and stem should be press-fitted to the intramedullary canal.
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Y. IMAI, Y. KADOMA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1215-1218
Published: June 15, 1990
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Polyurethanes used in artificial organs still need further modification in their biocompatibility and stability in vivo. Polyurethanes consisting of different types of diisocyanate, soft segment and chain extender were prepared and evaluated for their biocompatibility by a cell culture method. New types of polyurethanes having perfluorooctanesulfonamide group, hydroxyl group, polydimethylsiloxane segment and polythiodiethanol segment were prepared and showed various response to Ca. 9. 22 cells. Introduction of hydrophobic unit such as perfluoro group and polydimethylsiloxane segment was effective to reduce cell attachment.
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Y. FUKUI, M. KIMURA, T. SUGIURA, Y. HARADA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1219-1222
Published: June 15, 1990
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An intramuscular diaphragm pacemaker which can be controlled by the end-tidal CO
2 (ETCO
2) was developed. A couple of unipolar electrodes were attached into dog's diaphragm. The animal's metabolism was elevated and the pacing rate was controlled by ETCO
2. A biphasic cathodal waveform was used. The burst frequency and the pulse width were 23Hz and 0.15msec, respectively. The current amplitude was submaximal. PaCO
2 was maintained at a constant value and the effective ventilation was achieved.
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N. TAKAI, I. SAKUMA, Y. FUKUI, A. KANEKO, T. FUJIE, S. NAGAOKA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1223-1226
Published: June 15, 1990
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For in vivo monitoring of various kainds of components in the body fluid, several kinds of chemical sensors have been developed mainly using elctrochemical detection. hoever, there are components which cannot be analized by electrochemical detection. In this study, we made a fundamental research for the development of chemical sensors based on spectroscopic detection which can be applied for analysis of biochemical components.
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M. HIROSE, A. SOHMA, T. NATUYAMA, Y. TANAKA, T. MORIMOTO
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1227-1229
Published: June 15, 1990
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To measure urea concentration in circulating blood continuously, we use column as a reactor for immobilized urease and ammonia was determined with glass electrode. Our system consists of two ammonia electrodes and urease immobilized to 500μm diameter, spherical cellulose gel. The system gave highly significant correlation between the emf of the electrode and log of urea concentration between 0.1mM and 100mM. The effect of erythrocytes on the reading could be eliminated using the voltage difference between the two ammonia electrodes before and after the reactor.
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[in Japanese]
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1230
Published: June 15, 1990
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K. MATSUDA, T. TANI, K. NUMA, H. ABE, T. YOSIOKA, H. AOKI, M. KODAMA, ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1231-1234
Published: June 15, 1990
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Hemorrhage of an injured solid organ is very difficult to control. Although many new materials and instruments have been developed for repair and hemostasis, they are not, as yet, totally satisfactoly. Recently Matsuda et al had developed a series of novel elastomeric surgical adhesives based on a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer (PUP-134, 201). We used this material to achieve hemostasis of internal bleeding in the dog & rat. Animals were anesthetized, surgically explored, and solid organs were cut. The surface of traumatized area was compressed with a sheet of teflon or silicon, which was painted with a very thin layer of PUP-134 and 201, for about 2 minutes, and then removed. This material adhered very well and preventing any bleeding.
Gross and histological studies (24hrs to one year) revealed a mild degree of inflammatory reaction in the earlier stage. After one year, tissue healing was almost complete. It had been confirmed the safety of PUP-201 by skin patch test, subcutaneus and intrperitoneal injection.
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T. NATUME, K. TAMURA, K. KAWARASAKI, Y. SHIMIZU
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1235-1238
Published: June 15, 1990
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Collagen hemostat is a recently developed material possessing remarkable topical hemostatic properties. It has previously been showed to effectively control hemorrhge more than other topical hemostatic agents. We developed a new collagen hemostatic agent in cottonlike fibrous from which is about 50um in diameter (CC). In this study its efficacy was studied in experimental splenic injuries produced in dogs. The results revealed that CC achieved hemostatis more frequently and rapidly than the commercially available collagen hemostat (Microcrystalline collagen hemostat).
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M. YOKOYAMA, N. YAMADA, T. OKANO, Y. SAKURAI, K. KATAOKA, S. INOUE
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1239-1242
Published: June 15, 1990
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AB type of block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(aspartic acid) block copolymer, was utilized as a carrier of anti-cancer drug adriamycin. This polymeric drug was observed to form a micelar structure with 50nm diameter. This micelle-formation is considered to contribute to excellent water solubility and drastic disappearance of albumin-binding capacity of the polymeric drug. In vivo anti-cancer activity of the polymeric drug against P388 mouse leukemia was found to be very high with small degree of toxicity.
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R. YOSHIDA, K. SAKAI, T. OKANO, Y. SAKURA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1243-1246
Published: June 15, 1990
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Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)(IPAAm) shows a remarkable change in aqueous swelling with a change in temperature. Random copolymers of IPAAm and butyl methacrylate(BMA), hexylmethacrylate(HMA), or lauryl methacrylate(LMA) were systhesized and indomethacin was loaded into these polymers. Drug release experiment was performed at each temperature. At constant temperature, release pattern was observed as zero order release pattern when temperature was low. This can be explained in terms of permeability increase in polymer matrix and agree with release pattern derived from model. Pulsate release patternrn was found to be regulated by temperature flactuation between 20°C and 30°C due to surface shrinking layer with an increase in temperature. In the case of 20hr for 3°C, release rate remained constant. The results suggested that loaded drug in polymer migrates to the syrface at 30°C even if release was completely stopped.
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A. YAMADA, N. YAMADA, Y. SAKURAI, T. OKANO, I. KAETSU, M. YOSHIDA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1247-1251
Published: June 15, 1990
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Tree kinds of single drug invaded capsule and triple drug invaded capsule were made.
In this experiment, VX2 carcinoma cell was inplanted in the one leaf of liver of rabbit because, of making hepatoma bearing rabbit. Capsule implanted in the located hepatoms 10 days after.
Microphotograph of MMC remaining in a capsule indicated the drng release from the surface in order. that of ADR remaining in a capsule in dicated that ADR remained in the near by surface of capsule. and ADR was not relased almost. Scannimg electron nicrophotograph of 5-FU remaining in single drug loaded capsule indicated many small pores at the whole section of capsule. Almost 5-Fu was released from the capsule. Calculated amount of drug in capsule after inplantation 14 days after coincided with this data. In the inplantation of single 5-FU loaded capsule, optical microphotograph of tissue surrounding capsul indicated the spread of necrosis to cancer tissue.
Coagulation necrosis was made. in that of single MMC loaded capsule, continued drug relese for long time was ofserved. Both cogulation necrosis and new necrosis, of the core rupture coexisted. in that of tripple drng capsule, oxtended widely. After that necrosis was made by the continued MMC release step by step.
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T. FUJIWARA, K. SAKAGAMI, J. MATSUOKA, S. SHIOZAKI, S. UCHIDA, M. HAIS ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1252-1256
Published: June 15, 1990
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The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the ant itumor effect of IL-2 mini-pellet on the therapy of murine hepatic metastases. The administration of IL-2mini-pellet alone or combined with LAK cells into the spleen resulted in significant reduction of the number of hepatic metastases from the Colon-26 adenocarcinoma. The cytotoxicity of splenocytes against YAC-1 cells and Colon-26 cells was augmented on day 2 after the administration of IL-2 mini-pellet. In immunohistopathological study inflamatory cells accumulating around the metastatic nodules were mainly Thy1.2
+ cells and Lyt2
+ cells. These results suggested that the local administration of IL-2mini-pellet into the hepatic circulation was extremely effective.
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[in Japanese]
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1257
Published: June 15, 1990
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T. OTA, M. OKADA, T. KOTERAZAWA, M. NISHIWAKI, S. YAMAMOTO, S. OZAWA, ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1258-1261
Published: June 15, 1990
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The patency rates of PTFE grafts for axillofemoral bypass were compared with those of Dacron grafts. The preoperative statuses of 17 patients with Dacron grafts and 20 patients with PTFE were similar. Late postoperatively, 10 out of 22 Dacron grafts were occluded, but 4 of them were recanalized with thrombectomy. The 1-year, 5-year and 10-year patency rates of this group were 95%, 67% and 62%, respectively. In the group of PTFE grafts, 5 out of 24 grafts were occluded but 2 of them were recanalized. The 4-to 6-year patency rates of this group were 86%; these values were significantly higher than those of the Dacron grafts.
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H. URAYAMA, M. TSUBOTA, M. SHINAGAWA, T. MISAKI, Y. WATANABE, T. IWA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1262-1265
Published: June 15, 1990
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Clinical and pathologocal results were studied in 198 patients to whom woven Dacron prostheses were implanted for the aortic region in the past 16 years. Preclotting was performed by blood, autoclaved blood or autoclaved albumin in 111 cases and postoperative anticoagulant therapy was performed in 73 cases. The observed periods were 55.3 months in mean and 16 years in the longest. The complications related to the prostheses were incontrollable blood leak in 2 cases, hematoseroma formation in 2, late time bleeding of anastomotic site in one, infection in one, occiusion in one and distal anastomotic stenosis in one. In pathological study, the inner surface of the prosthesis after one month from implantation was covered with fibrin thrombi or exposed with Dacron fibers, and in some areas red thrombi adhered. After one year or more from implantation, pannus was seen in the anastomotic site and the inner surface of the prosthesis was covered with fibrin thrombi or pseudointima which was constructed mainly by collagen fibers. Some protheses had red thrombi on the inner surface.
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H. SAKAI, T. SASAJIMA, M. KOKUBO, Y. IZUMI, M. HORIO, Y. KUBO
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1266-1269
Published: June 15, 1990
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For the purpose to control the intimal hyperplasia (IH) which is prone to occur at the graft to graft composing site, we devised newly a modified composite graft (MCG). Two segments of Biograft and autogenous vein, composing site of the latter was tanned with 1% glutaraldehyde intraoperatively, were anastomosed together and implanted in the infrarenal abdominal aorta of canine. After completion of the implantas, the composite site of the MCG was covered using a strip of Biograft. The longest period of 33 months after implantation, we observed IH at the proximal anastomotic site of the MCG, but no hyperplastic change of the intima was found at the composing site of the two graft segment. Microscopically, a thin endothelial layer from the distal anastomotic site covered the MCG beyond the composing site proximally to the segment of Biograft. The excessive tissue reaction was controlled successfully by GA processing and by covering of the composing site using impermeable material such as a strip of Biograft. We conclude that the modified composite graft can improve the success rate of small artery reconstruction using a prosthetic material.
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Y. USUI, H. UCHIDA, S. TERAMOTO
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1270-1274
Published: June 15, 1990
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To compare the morphology and the biological healing of the various vascular prostheses, eight currently used vascular prostheses were observed microscopically under a transillumination method and were implanted in the descending thoracic aorta of mongrel dogs. The prostheses were Microknit, Bionit II, Vasculour II, Microvel, DeBakey Woven, Cooley Woven, Meadox Woven Double Velour, and Gore-Tex. The transillumination method showed surface microstructure of these grafts. The healing study at 2 months after implantation showed woven and knitted Dacron grafts generally had excellent full wall transinterstices healing. In contrast, the Gore-Tex had acellular area at the inner art of the interstices and had the worst thrombus free surface (TFS) score and the worst cell coverage (CC) score. The Bionit II had the best TFS score and the best CC score. We conclude the externally veloured warp-knit Dacron prostheseswould be most preferable at the small caliber arterial reconstruction.
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H. TAKAKURA, Y. SUGITA, M. MATSUI, S. MIYAZAWA, H. HARASAKI, Y. NOSE, ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1275-1277
Published: June 15, 1990
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A new Coronary Stent using thermal shape memory Ti/Ni alloy was developed to prevent restenosis following PTCA. 10 Coronary Stents (ID 3mm length 5mm, thickness 0.15mm) were implanted in 10 rabbits in the abdominal aorta. A Coronary Stent was patent upto 1 month. 22 Stents (ID 5mm length 5mm thickness 0.25-0.4mm) were implanted in 11 dogs to evaluate biocompatibility. 21/22 stents were patent upto 2 years.
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[in Japanese]
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1278
Published: June 15, 1990
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A. MATSUMOTO, S. IKAWA, K. NISHIHARA, K. OYAMADA, T. KATAKURA, Y. NOIS ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1279-1282
Published: June 15, 1990
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Tissue ingrowth into graft wall is the creeping from anestomesis sites as well as the infiltration from outer layer around a graft. In this report, we introduce a rapid-healing vascular graft with inner coating. The grafts were implanted in thoracic aortae of dogs. The cells infiltrated more rapidly into inner coated grafts rather than non coated grafts. It was observed from our in vitro study that fibroblasts were less active in serum. All of these evidences suggested that the healing process around a graft was enhanced by preventing the leakage of serum components. So we design a new type of vascular graft with an inner coat of biodegradable polymer, which results in quiker healing.
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H. KURUMATANI, K. YAMADA, K. WATANABE, S. SATOH, S. NIU, T. OKA, Y. NO ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1283-1286
Published: June 15, 1990
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We previously reported rapid and simple method to give antithrombogenicity for small caliber connective tissue graft impregnated with heparin/protamine conjugate. In this study, we evaluate the amount of immobilized heparin and its in vitro release rate at various conditions of heparinization. The amount of immobilized heparin increases with a increase of protamine concentration. The release rate increases as heparin loading is increased at a fixed protamine concentration and as protamine concentration is reduced at a fixed heparin loading.
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S NIU, S SATOH, S SHIRAKATA, K OOGA, T OKA, Y NOISHIKI, H KURUMATANI, ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1287-1291
Published: June 15, 1990
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New highly porous vascular prostheses fabricated from ultrafine polyester fibers (UFPF) have been developed and evaluated about endothelialization capability. UFPF grafts (SS-G) were implanted in the aorta of dogs as compared with grafts in the market. Endothelial cell colonies with capillary opennings were seen in the middle portion of SS-G after 2 weeks implantation. Many fibroblasts infiltrated into the graft wall and reached inner fibrin layer. These observations suggested that fibroblasts proliferated rapidly around UFPF with high cell affinity, capillary blood vessels also migrated to support the activity of fibroblasts. Endothelial cells of the colonies were considered to derive from capillary blood vessels penetrated through the graft wall. It was concluded that UFPF was promising material for vascular prostheses.
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Y. NOISHIKI, Y. YAMANE, S. SATOH, S. NIU, U. MURAYAMA, Y. TOMIZAWA, T. ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1292-1296
Published: June 15, 1990
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Long-term animal study of a vascular graft that can grow with the growth of its recepient was performed. Human saphenous vein was used as the substrate material. It was dipped into distilled water and sonicated, resulting in cell destruction, and followed by cross-linking with polyepoxy compound. Four milimeter inner diameter (ID) grafts, enveloped with polyester mesh tubes of 10mm ID, were implanted in the thoracic descending aortae of 15 puppies. The diameter of the grafts grew to 9.5mm from original 4mm after 1 year. Eight animals were used for the long-term observation o f more than 300 days till 2 years and 11 months. The grafts maintained their expected size after their full growth. There was no degenerative changes such as calcification of the graft wall. The light microscopical observations revealed that the original saphenous vein graft was absorved after 1 year. Neoarterial wall with full endothelialization was formed with polyester mesh reinforcement. These results supported that the graft has high fesicability of clinical use without any problem.
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M. SHIRAKAWA, S. SHINDO, J. EGAMI, K. FURUYA, Y. TAKAYAMA, T. MIYATA, ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1297-1300
Published: June 15, 1990
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We reported that high density entrapment with dense velour fabrics made of ultrafine polyester fiber could facilitate ECs inoculation too vascular prosthesis. The purpose of this report is in vivo evaluation of the efficacy of this new method of ECs inoculation. High density canine ECs suspension was forced through the ultrafine polyester fabrics of a φ7mm low porosity velour woven graft (130ml/min/cm
2). Simultaneously the non-seeded part was made distally by clamping at the midportion in the same graft. After three-day incubation with entrapped ECs, the graft was implanted into the canine abdominal aorta. The grafts were harvested in 2 to 14 days and examined histologically endothelialization and subendothelial structure. In the seeded part there appeared no EC-covering except the limited cellular ingrowth from outside. In the seeded part wide range endothelialization was observed even in a 3-day graft. Besides EC-covering, the inner capsule of the seeded part was rich in microvessels. In the endothelialized area two different regions were distinguishable, that is one with little subendothelial matrix and abundant cell infiltration and another with more subendothelial substance mainly composed of fibrin. In conclusion, ECs inoculated in this method promote very early endothelialization with these new findings.
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[in Japanese]
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1301
Published: June 15, 1990
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M. NAGASUE, J. MATSUBARA, T. SHIMIZU, M. SHINBO
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1302-1305
Published: June 15, 1990
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“Measurement of vascular compliance of after Dacron graft implantation” Cantilever displacement meter was designd in this institute to measure vascular compliance in living body. By using this displacement meter compliance of various and normal dog arteries was measured. Furthermore, Dacron grafts were implanted in the abdominal aorta of mongrel dogs and the compliance was measured at the various portion in the perioperative state. In consequence; Rubber tube compliance (C)=0.012(%/mmHg), Silastic tube C=0.008, Gore Tex graft C=0.014, Various materials was low conpliance; abdominal aorta C=0.319, Implanted D acron graft C=0.083, Anastomosis site C=0.082, We confirmed compliance mismatch between abdominal aorta and Dacron graft in this study.
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T. NAIKI, T. MATSUMOTO, K. HAYASHI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1306-1309
Published: June 15, 1990
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Flow patterns behind the anastomosis of vascular graft were studies applying flow visualization techniques to model tubes. The artery and the vascular graft were modelled by an elastic tube fabricated of an elastomeric polymer and a rigid plastic tube, respectively. Anastomotic models were made by connecting these two tubes. These model tubes were installed into a mock circulatory loop. The flow was visualized using Hydrogen bubbles and alminium powder as tracers. Flow separation and eddies were observed in the distal anastomosis model, where high flow disturbance appeared. The amplitude of wall shear rate was high in the proximal anastomotic models and low in the distal anastomotic models, which were enhanced in the models with increased compliance mismatch. The local abnormal flow in the anastomotic sites might cause thrombus formation and subintimal hyperplasia.
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Y. Nishioka, T. SASAJIMA, A. NAOE, Y. KUBO
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1310-1313
Published: June 15, 1990
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The healing process at the anastomotic sites between host and vasucular prostheses was investigated using absorbable suture polydioxanon (PDS) and ePTFE graft in canine abdominal aorta. Polypropylene (PP) sutures were used as a control. From 5 months on after implantation hyalinoid degeneration of the anastomotic margin which was caused by the compression of suture loop began to disappear, and at 7 months after implantation these findings disappeared completely at the PDS-anastomotic sites. However under observation within 8 months there still remained a compression findings of ePTFE pore structure. 2 years after there observed no compression of the anastomotic margin and an excellent organization was achieved at the PDS-anastomotic site. It is suggested that absorbable suture is effective to prevent the intimal hyperplasia at the anastomotic site which is the most important probrem of the ePTFE.
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Y. NAKAGAWA, K. OTA, T. OSHIMA, S. TERAOKA, T. AGISHI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1314-1317
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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PEUG with different inner surface were implanted in canine, group A; all smooth, B, C; rough only at the anastomotic protion, small and large pore, and D: all rough surface. Neointimal hyperplasia of group C were smoother than others'. So, rough surface structure at the anastomosis may be useful to inhibit the proliferation of neointima because of its anchoring effect.
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E. M. SAITOH, H. IJIMA, T. MURAI, T. TSUTSUI, T. MITSUI, M. HORI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1318-1321
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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PSEUDOINTIMA OF 80μm EPTFE. Newly developed porous expanded polytetraf luoroethylene (EPTFE) grafts which have 80μm mean internodal distance were replaced to canine carotid arteries. The pseudointima of six of this graft were macroscopically and scanning electron microscopically compared to that of 4 of usual nonporous 30μm EPTFE, 6 of Sauvage EXS knitted Dacron (k-D), and 4 of UBE woven Dacron (w-D) grafts. The size and length of all grafts were almost same and they were harvested between 1 to 6 months after the implantation. All grafts were patent but one k-D at 6 months and there was no anastomotic intimal hyperplasia. Endothelium-like cells proliferation on these grafts was recognized only near the anastomoses. However, the shape of endothelium-like cells on 30μm EPTFE and w-D grafts was irregular and plumper, that on 80μm EPTFE and k-D was beautiful and resembled to normal vascular endothelium.
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F. AKIMOTO, K. ESATO, H. TAKENAKA, T. NISIYAMA, M. O-HARA
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1322-1326
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Effect of elastase on pseudointimal hyperplasia in the vascular prosthesis was investigated. After EPTFE grafts or Double velour grafts (2cm length) was implanted in canine abdominal aorta, elastase (8mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 4 months. Each graft was removed 4 month after surgery. Elastase suppressed progression of pseudointimal hyperplasia in the EPTFE grafts. While, Double velour grafts did not demonstrate obvious pharmacological effect of elastase. It was concluded that elastase was effective drug for supression of pseudointimal hyperplasia on anastmotic site of EPTFE graft.
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H. MAETA, S. IMAWAKI, I. SHIRAISHI, K. WATANABE, Y. MORI, M. HORI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1327-1330
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A new vascular graft which can expand only circumferencially was made. This new graft was woven of elastic fine count of yarn as a woof and Tefron thread without elasticity as a warp. Early in implantation, the new graft had 5.3×10
-2 of compliance and showed better forward flow, but conventional woven Dacron graft did not. Two years after implantation, the new graft showed good healing with thin and fibroblast rich intima covered with one layer of endotherial cells on its surface. Smooth muscle cells had developped in the intimal layer. This graft had kept compliance of 4.1×10
-2. These data suggests that the new graft is able to keep a good compliance for a long time after implantation.
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T TSUJI, K IMANISHI, K MUNEOKA, T TOGAWA, Y IMAI, K SUMA, I KAN
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1331-1334
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The tapered polytetrafluoroethylene (Dacron) graft supported externally with spiral polypropylene string was connected with tubes made of ceramics such as hydroxyapatite, glassy carbon, porous glass and hydroxyapatite coated titanium at both the ends. This graft was introduced with a newly invented catheter having two balloons for aortic back flow stopper and for aoric wall dilator into a dog thoracic aorta without injury to the inner vessel wall and fixed to the aorta with ligation. This graft can prevent rupture of aneurysm in simple surgery without resection of aneurysm and anastomosis.
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K. KATSUMOTO, T. NIIBORI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1335-1338
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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As an adjunct to clinical application of glassy carbon-ringed intraluminal sutureless prosthesis, an long term experimental study was performed. Two activated glassy carbon rings were inserted to the proximal and distal end of a knitted dacron graft of 8mm in diameter. This graft was put to the thoracic aorta of a mongrel dog. After 300 days, the prosthesis was taken out and examined. The inner surface of the carbon rings was found clear but densely adhered amorphous substances were observed with SEM. Four patients with abdominal aneurysm underwent surgical resection of the aneurysm and reconstruction with Y-graft using an activated glassy carbon ring which was put to the proximal end of the graft. Each case of the four patients revealed either emergent bleeding case or high and poor risk patients. The result was satisfactory and the longest follow-up term has become 18 months without any complication.
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-APPLICATION OF HEPARINIZED POLYURETHANE-
K. TAMURA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1339-1344
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Polyurethane (PU) tubes and heparinized PU tubes were implanted at the canine SVC. Peripheral was sutured and central was inserted into the right atrium. Principally the patency was checked by angiography one week after the implantation. Patency rates were 2/3 in the PU and 5/5 in the heparinized PU tubes. Those materials were observed macroscopically and microscopically, and by the SEM. A little thrombus was noticed on the PU, but little thrombus was noticed on the heparinized PU. Heparine contained within PU fulfilled its function. The heparinized PU is promising as the material of the artificial venous graft.
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T. TAKASHI, [in Japanese], T. AKAIKE, T. MATSUDA, K. KOBAYASHI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1345-1348
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Polystyrene derivatives having various sugar moiety was synthesized.In this study, the interaction between platelet and polymers was estimated. From the various evidence such as percentage of platelet adhesion, shape change, it is certified that these polymers have theexellent ability to suppress platelet adhesion and activation. From the study of the amount of polymer adsorption, it was shown that, these abilities were revealed only when the density of coated polymers was high. Since these polymers can be adsorbed on lots of hydrophobic surfaces, we can easily obtain non active surfaces to platelet. It may be expected that the polymer is applied to various artificial organs and medical devices.
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[in Japanese]
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1349
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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S SATOH, S NIU, T OKA, H KURUMATANI, K WATANABE, Y NOISHIKI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1350-1352
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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An autologous connective tissue tube graft (ACTTG) with a small caliber would be an ideal vascular substitute, if it was given a complete antithrombogenicity in the early stage of the implantation. In this study, to give steadier antithrombogenicity to ACTTG, higher concentration of heparin was used for in situ heparinization of the grafts was attained with a patency rate of 63% at one month, when small dose of antiplatelet agents was used. However, more intensive antiplatelet therapy resulted in impairment of graft healing, causing hematoma in the grafts.
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K. OKANO, H. UCHIDA, H. MITSUI, S. TERAMOTO
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1353-1356
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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To evaluate anticoagulant effect of protease inhibitors (Gabexate Mesilate, Nafamostat Mesilate) and Cepharanthin, the external jugular veins in mongrel dogs were replaced with Sauvage EXS Dacron grafts (I. D. 5mm). Immediately after replacement, the drugs were administered continiously through the posterior auricular veins. Three hours after replacement, the grafts were removed and examined macro-and microscopically. Experimental data suggest that protease inhibitor and Cepharanthin can decrease early thrombus formation significantly on smallcaliber prosthesis in the venous system (p<0.05). Specifically, it is worthy of attention that the combination use of Cepharanthin and Nafamostat Mesilate completely reduces very early thrombus formation without any bleeding tendency.
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Y TOMIZAWA, Y NOISHIKI, T OKOSHI, M MORISHIMA, H KOYANAGI
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1357-1360
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We have developed a small-caliber vascular graft with an ID of 3mm by chemical modification of sheep carotid artery using a hydrophilic crosslinker, polyepoxy compounds (PC) and implanted in the carotid artery of a dog. The inner surface of every patent graft was clean without thrombi. Microscopic observation showed the anastomotic site of the graft on 7th day was covered with endothelial cells. We concluded our developed graft had a nice healing characteristics and good antithrombogenicity.
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S SHINDO, M SHIRAKAWA, T MIYATA, J EGAMI, Y TAKAYAMA, O SATO, A TAKAGI ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1361-1364
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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In order to investigate a small caliber prosthesis which is superior to an available synthetic graft, canine autogenous endothelial cells (ECs) were seeded with “filtration” method. A 4mm×10cm graft made of ultrafine polyester fibers was seeded with canine venous ECs, and 6cm out of 10cm was implanted to the carotid artery of the identical dog. Controls without cells were implanted contralaterally. One seeded graft was occluded during operation due to technical error. All of controls were occluded at two weeks. However, three out of seven seeded grafts were patent in two weeks.
Histological observation showed a monolayer of ECs at the midportion and the anastomosis of the seeded grafts. We concluded that the filtration method was easier than the rotation method, ECs showed antithrombogenisity whether they made a monolayer or not, and they made cobble stone appearance in vivo in the short preiod even though a monolayer of ECs was not formed prior to implantation.
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H. FUKUSHIMA, K. MAGARI, Y. YAO, T. FUJIKAWA, H. SUDO, K. OSADA, H. SU ...
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1365-1368
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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This study was performed with the object of developing a new vascular prosthesis, that has almost the same structure and function as native vessel. Pieces of porcine aorta were treated by various chemicals, distilled water, glutaraldehyde, Dencol, guanidine hydrochloride, or formic acid. Rabbit smooth muscle cells or porcine endothelial cells were cultured with them, and attachment and growth were observed. Arterial pieces treated by glutaraldehyde showed the worst attachment of cells, and the ones treated by formic acid showed the best migration of smooth muscle cells into the walls. Tear stress was tested in all treated pieces. Glutaraldehyde or Denacol treated ones were stronger than fresh arterial walls, the ones treated by guanidine hydrochloride or formic acid were slightly weaker. Porcine smooth muscle cells were first infused into media of arterial wall treated by formic acid in advance, and subsquently endothelial cells were seeded. In this preparation we found that smooth muscle cells were cultured in the elastic laminae and their surfaces were covered with endothelial cells, it was a kind of vascular model similar to native vessel. The possibility of making a vital graft was demonstrated.
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Y. NOISHIKI, Y. YAMANE
1990 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages
1369-1372
Published: June 15, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A simple method to introduce cell components of blood vessels into a fabric vascular prosthesis was developed. This method showed prompt healing of the graft after implantation in an animal study. Tissue fragments suspension was prepared using a piece of peripheral vein. Highly porous fabric vascular prosthesis was immerced into the suspension fluid. The tissue fragments were trapped from the outer surface of the prosthesis by suction from the inside. Preclotting procedure was adopted to immobilize the tissue fragments to the fabric of the prosthesis. The prostheses were implanted into the thoracic descending aortae of 15 dogs. There was no bleeding at the time of the implantation. Numerous endothelial cells proliferation was observed in the specimen for 5 days after implantation. The surface was covered with thin layer of fibrin. Full endothelialization was noticed in the specimens of 35 days. The graft wall was completely healed. This method was very simple and easy to prepare, but the efficacy to promote the healing of the neointima was excellent.
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