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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
1
Published: February 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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-comparison with pulsatile and nonpulsatile assist bypass-
Takao IMAZEKI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
3-6
Published: February 15, 1983
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Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of pulsatile and non pulsatile assisted circulation during the course of meaning from the cardiopulmonary bypass with the assist ratios at 100, 50, and 20% were compared on the failing heart in the 12 mongrell dogs. Irrespective of the assist devices used, myocardial blood flow decreased and converged to 50ml/min/100g as the DPTI/TTI increased greater than 1.2. The recovery from heart failure was better in the group with DPTI/TTI over 1.2 than the other group.
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K. SUZUKI, K. KEMNMOKU, Y. YOKOTE, S. TAKAMOTO, K. UEDA, N. EMOTO, F. ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
7-10
Published: February 15, 1983
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Multi-variable pattern representation (Rader Chart) display progrm has been developed, implemented and tested far circulatory assist with commercial based computerized patient monitoring system. Up to six parameters can be displayed as a vriety of hexagon. To assess the performance and effectiveness of circulatory assist, mean LAP, TTI, mean systolic pressure, total perfusion flow, peripheral resistance and stroke work are calculated. This program is confirmed to work correctly by entering parameters derived during circulatory assist actually perfomed in the past. With this study, the system has been suggested to be usefull for selection of the optimal assist method among various methods, such as IABP, VAB, IABP+VAB and AAB.
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S. KYO, MJ. BUCKLEY, CD. LIAPIS, FH. LEVINE, WG. AUSTEN, R. OMOTO
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
11-15
Published: February 15, 1983
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Patients with myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock have a massive loss of left ventricular (LV) mass. Most of these patients do poorly even with coronary revasculization and IABP support. Infarctectomy is of value when resection is limited, but resection of large area of LV result in significant reduction of LV volume and LV performance. In two series of dog experiments, our results demonstrated that this device has beneficial effects not only in the hemodynamic improvement but also myocardial metabolism recovery in the ischemic failing heart.
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S. TAKATANI, S. KOIKE, I. YADA, R. YOZU, L. FUJIMOTO, G. JACOBS, R. KI ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
16-19
Published: February 15, 1983
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Left and right pump flow differences in nonpulsatile biventricular bypass (NPBB) and total artificial heart (TAH) animals.
In the pulsatile total artificial heart and nonpulsatile biventricular bypass experiments, large and variable left-right flow differences averaging from 10 to 20% of the left flow (left higher) were observed; these flow differences were physiologicallv necessary conditions to maintain hemodynamics within normal ranges. Data analysis showed that these flow differences were best correlated with the aortic pressure, differences between aortic and left atrial pressure, and systemic vascular resistance, and therefore they are most likely due to bronchial flow.
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H. TAKAGI, T. TAKAGI, T. HOTTA, G. NARITA
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
20-23
Published: February 15, 1983
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Total artificial heart in dogs has been designed and fabricated and tested.
Characteristic performance were as follows. (1) implantable in dogs, (2) 200ml/kg/min of max. output, (3) feed back control with the responce to the venous return. (4) one-or double chamber system, (5) fixed air control in one chamber system, automa=tic air control in double chamber system, (6) no negative pressure (7) same size(8φ) ball valve in outfloe, (8) different size ans shape of inflow valve. In mock and acu=to dog experiments, it was elucidated that automatic air control in one chamber sys=tem should be developed, though pumping changed automatically according to the chan=ges of the venous return.
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K. IMACHI, I. FUJIMASA, A. MIYAMOTO, N. TAKIDO, M. NAKAJIMA, N. INOU, ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
24-27
Published: February 15, 1983
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The development of TAH control mehod is not yet perfect, and slight anemia, increase in CVP and other abnormal phenomena are observed in experimental animals. One of the cause of these phenomena is thought to be a lack of afferent nerve discharge from cardiac receptors. In this study, electrical stimulation was given to the goats whose heart had been substituted with AH. The surviving state of goats were much improved by the electrical stimulation. The results show that neural control i s inevitable for TAH control, in addition to blood pressure and blood flow rate.
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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
28
Published: February 15, 1983
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K. SAKAI
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
29-32
Published: February 15, 1983
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The optimum shape of hollow fiber dialyzer was investigated by a model for the solute transfer through dialysis membrane. It was found that the inner diameter of the hollow fiber was about 200μ, and also its effective length was about 160mm. These values were assessed from the limitation of ΔPB and VB values, and varied with hematocrit and flow rate of both blood and dialysate. The dialyzer with hollow fibers of small number and large effective length is efficient enough to remove solutes in blood. The middle molecule removal, ΔPB and VB is largely influenced by ID error from the designed value and ratio of hollow fiber blockage.
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-Analysis of low and large molecular protein in ultrafiltrate-
M. NAMBU, R. IMAI, S KUSAKARI, T. SAKAI
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
33-36
Published: February 15, 1983
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Hollow fiber artificial kidney (HFAK) which has an ability for high protein permeability, using polysulfon membrane was evaluated in kidney center, kitasato university hospital. In order to render dialysis therapy mere comfortable and efficient, studies were done not only on permeability of membranes for various solutes and fluid put also on biocompatibility of membranes. The performance and characteristics of the membrane are as follows: Type, A: thickness: 40 microns, tatal surface area: 1.48m
2, ultrafiltration: 29.4ml/h/mm of Hg, blood volnme: 100ml, clearance, measured in vivo: urea 167ml/mn, creatinine 147ml/mn, β
2MG 46ml/mn, . Type, B: thickness: 39 microns, total surface ares: 1.25m
2, ultrafiltration: 22.5ml/h/mm of Hg, blood volume: 100ml, clearance, measured in vivo: urea 151ml/mn, creatinine 127ml/mn, β
2MG 32ml/mn. Dialysance and UFR is stable throughout dialysia session. The phenomenon of leukopenia and complement activation during hemodialysis session were much better than cellulosic membrane. we also observed the behaviour of albumin, transferrin and immunoglobulin. Data obtained thus suggest that in some patients evacuation of large molecular protein in dialysis was proved to be safe and effective for relief of clinical symptoms, i. e, itching, in long term dialysis. Finally, we want to stress that this new HFAK has improved action on blood compatibility and biocompatibility.
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T. TAKAGI, T. CHUNG, O. ODA, A. SAITO, K. OHTA
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
37-40
Published: February 15, 1983
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Elimination of plasma protein by four protein permeating hemofilters was studied. HDF and ECUM filtrates for four the hemofilters (C-2, TK-401, Duo-Flux, FF-22) were analyzed by gel chromatography, immunodiffusion method and two-dimensional-electrophoresis.The removal of plasma protein by the hemofilters increased in order of Duo-Flux, FF-22, TK-401 and C-2.
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-HD VS. HF-
M. MINESHIMA, A. YAMASHITA, K. SAKAI
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
41-44
Published: February 15, 1983
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Clinical parameters like concentration, removed amounts and clearance have advantages and disadvantages. Using parameter by mistake leads to the wrong evaluation. In this study, each parameter properties were investigated by using compartment model. A proper usage for clinical parameter was reached.
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A. YAMASHITA, T. YOSHIMOTO, K. ANDO, K. YOSHIMOTO, H. HIDAI, T. SAKAI, ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
45-48
Published: February 15, 1983
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Amount of solute removal (M) is proved to be in proportion to serum solute concentration before the therapy (C(0)). So we propose new index /O(0) in order to compare the essential difference of small solute removal capacity between HD and HF. Higher evacuetion ratio and M/C(0) are obtained in HD than in HF. Then we concluded that HD therapy is more valuable than HF to remove larger amount of small solute.
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N. ENDO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [ ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
49-52
Published: February 15, 1983
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Beta-2-microglobulin (β
2MG) was not found in the filtrate during the hemofiltration treatment using PMMA membrane hemofilter. But the plasma level of β
2MG fell effectively. This ridiculous phenomenon implies the possible adsorption of the solute by the membrane surface. We planed to reveale the adsorption affinity between the solutes in uremic plasma and the membranes, PMMA, PAN, and cuprophane. In vitro incubation study using uremic plasma and small-tipped membrane materials showed the strong affinity of PMMA with β
2MG and glucagon, and of PAN with lysozyme. Cuprophane had only weak affinity with some solutes. The adsorption experiment in closed uremic plasma circuration system using clinical modules resulted the resembling affinity properties. Definite association between in vitro and in vivo studies was not always observed. Reductions of the plasma levels of glucagon, β
2MG, ribonuclease, lysozyme were recognized by PMMA in vivo, glucagon and lyso zyme by PAN also.
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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
53
Published: February 15, 1983
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S. SATO, H. HIROSE, S. NAKANO, H. MATSUDA, Y. SHIMAZAKI, T. SAKAKIBARA ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
54-57
Published: February 15, 1983
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Pacemaker function was assessed by 24 hours Holter monitoring in the thirty-six patients whose pacemakers were checked to be normaly functioned at the regular pacemaker clinic. In these patients pacing modes were twenty-seven VVI, one VVO, two AAI, two DVI and four VAT. In the twenty-seven VVI pacemakers sensing failure was seen in ten patients (37%) and output failure in sixteen patients (59%). In these sixteen patients output failure was due to pacemaker inhibition from myopotentials. In the twenty-seven VVI pacemakers there were only nine pacemakers that were assessed normaly functioned.
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T. KOISHIZAWA, T. ITOH, T. MITSUI, M. HORI
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
58-61
Published: February 15, 1983
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The effect of ventricular overdriving test (VOD) on the spontaneous heart activity was studied in patients with advanced AV block and SSS. In twenty patients of AV block (stable complete AV block 8, second degree or unstable AV block 12), constant depression of subsidiary pacemaker for more than 4 second was observed in 8 patients (AH block 1, intra-His block 2, HV block 5). In contrast 10 patients (AH block 2, intra-His 2, block 6) showed no depression. In ten patients of SSS (Type I three, Type II five, Type III two), spontaneous heart activity was depressed in 3 patients of Type II which showed retrograde conduction to atrium in ventricular pacing. In the other seven patients, no depression was observed. The prolongation of the escape rhythm recovery time after VOD was depended upon the rate and duration of the pacing. The site of AV block was not correlated with depression of subsidiary pacemaker by VOD. VOD was effective in selecting pacemaker dependent patients, and useful to predict pacemaker induced arrhythmia and possible recovery of AV conduction.
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G. SHINDO, A. MIZUNO, S. NAKAYAMA, S. MATSUNAGA, H. MAKUUCHI, Y. KOTSU ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
62-65
Published: February 15, 1983
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For the past 14 years, 179 leads for permanent pacing acre implanted with good initial stimulation thresholds. One hundred seventy-nine leads were divided into 3 groups according to their electrode surface area; i. e. group I, over 80mm
313 leads, II, 80-15mm
3, 57, III, less than 15mm
3, 109. Actuarial survival curves were calculated in each group. Current threshold and voltage threshold at the time of implantation revealed good correlation between the electrode surface area and stimulation thresholds. However, lead longevity of these 3 groups, especially between II&III groups showed no correlation with electrode surface area. Actuarial analysis was used for detecting influencig factors on it. The analysis revealed followings bipolar leads, cylindrical metal tip leads, age at the implantation (over 60 years), basic cardiac disorders (hypertensive diseases, and congenital heart diseases), intracardiac R wave (more than 5mV) and energy ratio less than 81 at the initial implantation were significant influencing factors of the discrepancy between surface area and lead longevity in goup II and III.
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Y. MATSUNAGA, T. MISAKI, E. OHIKE, K. MUKAI, M. KAWASUJI, T. MITSUI, [ ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
66-69
Published: February 15, 1983
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Since 1969, we applied the radiofrequency pacemaker (named “ATRICON”) to the treatment of various tachycardias. This paper presents the long-term results of this unit in 22 cases of supraventricular tachycardia, 5 WPW syndrome, 2 WPW syndrome+atrial flutter, 1 WPW syndrome+sick sinus syndrome, 3 bradicardia-tachycardia syndrome, 1 ventricular tachycardia. (1) Over a follow-up period of 150 months (mean 89 months), 15 cases could convert tachycardia safely and securely without any problem combined. (2) Four cases have never used Atricon, because of disappearance of tachycardias after operation of combined cardiac diseases. (3) Pacing failure was noted in early 3 cases which was the only complication in this series. (4) Three cases died, but the cause of death had nothing to do with Atricon.
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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
70
Published: February 15, 1983
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N. MATSUI, S. NAKAGAWA, S. KOSHIKAWA, K. MAEDA, T. SASAOKA, Y. HIRASAW ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
71-74
Published: February 15, 1983
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MD805, a synthetic thrombin inhibitor was evaluated as an anticoagulant for hemodialysis in comparison with heparin. Hemodialysis with MD805 was done for 12 weeks. Hollow fiber thrombosis was observed more frequently in hemodialysis with MD805 than with heparin. Although remarkable increase of free fatty acid and decrease of triglyceride was observed in hemodialysis with heparin, both was not changed in hemodialysis with MD805. Reduction of PaO
2 during hemodialysis with heparin did not observed in hemodialysis with MD805. Antithrombin III increased slightly but significantly in hemodialysis with MD805. In conclusion, MD805 is a useful anticoagulant for hemodialysis because of some advantages over heparin.
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K. MORIKAWA, K. TAMURA, H. KOJIMA, J. TAKAHASHI, E. KINUGASA, T. SEKIG ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
75-78
Published: February 15, 1983
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Because of its inhibitory effects on the coagulation system, we applied 2-(6-Amidino) naphthy 4-guanidino benzoate (FUT-175 or FUT) to hemodialysis (HD) without heparin. A 40-50mg/hr dose of FUT prolonged kaolin coagulation time sufficiently in the instrumental blood of extracorporeal circuits but not in the systemic blood during HD, while a standard dose of heparin overacted in both. The concentration and anticoagulant activity of FUT were relatively stable during HD but immediately decreased after HD. Although little inhibitory effect of FUT on platelet aggregation was evident, there was not an increase in platelet factor 4 despite an increase in beta-thromboglobuiin at 2 hr of HD with FUT. Both triglyceride and free fatty acids (FFA) increased during HD, possibly suggesting decreased utilization of FFA at peripheral tissues. No adverse effects of FUT were observed during a three month period. Although the effects of FUT on platelets and lipid metabolism need more clarification, FUT seems to be an ultra-short acting anticoagulant which is particularly useful for patients susceptible to bleeding.
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H. NAITO, T. MIYAZAKI, S. OBATA, K. HARUNA, Y. OBATA, K. HARUNA, T. SA ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
79-82
Published: February 15, 1983
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EVAL-HF dialyzers “KF 101” have been used for HAHD, but it may happen that blood coagulation makes the dialysis impossible when the blood coagulates at the blood port, or when distribution of blood into the HF bundle is not uniform. The Navier-Stokes equation of motion was used for analysis. It is preferable that the angle of elevation at the funnel shaped slope is within 10-20 degrees in order to avoid blood stagnation caused by the steep rise and the subsequent expansion. The flow quantity per single HF at the trial port is almost equalized from center to outer layer of HF bundle. With the module thus designed, blood coagulation hardly occurred in clinical trials, indicating the blood flow condition at the port to be effectively improved.
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F. NAKAYAMA, K. TAMURA, H. KOJIMA, J. TAKAHASHI, E. KINUGASA, K. MORIK ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
83-87
Published: February 15, 1983
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We previously clarified with the scanning electron microscopic technique that the adhesion of blood cell components to the surface of artificial kidney differed according to materials, anticoagulants and modes of treatment. In the present study, we estimated the blood cell adherence to the surface of four kinds of dialysis membrane (cellulose acetate, saponified cellulose ester, cellulose di-acetate and ethylene vinyl alcohol) and three kinds of membrane plasma separater (polymer alloy, cellulose di-acetate and PMMA). We also evaluated the effects of synthetic anti-coagulants (MD-805 and FUT-175) and blood flow rate on that. The white blood cell adhesion to all four kinds of dialysis membrane was dominant in the arterial side of hollow fiber and same distributed pattern was noted after the dialysis with either MD-805 or FUT-175. High blood flow rate or hemofiltration therapy reduced the number of adhered blood cells. Differing from the adhered pattern to dialysis membrane, considerable number of red blood cell and platelet adhered to the venous side of membrane surface in plasma separater. These results indicate that evaluation of blood cell adherence to the membrane surface with scanning electron microscopy is useful method to estimate the effects of membrane materials, anticoagulants and modes of therapy on the blood membrane surface interaction.
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T. SANAKA, H. KASAI, Y. HAYASAKA, T. SUZUKI, K. KUBO, H. SUDO, T. AGIS ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
88-91
Published: February 15, 1983
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PB-Ix which may accumulate because of low renal excretion, are presumed to compete with other substances at the binding sites of albumin. PB-Ix identified with hippurate and middle molecular 2a, 2b, were removed more easily with hemodiafiltration than hemodialysis or hemofiltration.
However, those treatment could not reduce the increased PB-Ix activities, while only CAPD was able to restore them near to normal values.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
92-95
Published: February 15, 1983
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Leukocyte count, platelet count, PO
2 and PCO
2 were measured during hemodialysis in mongrel dogs. Each sample was obtained from pulmonary artery, left atrium and venous line of the artificial kidney, before dialysis, and then 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after initiation of dialysis. Repetitive lung biopsies were done at the same time. Additionally, pulmonary arterial pressure, left atrial pressure and cardiac output were recorded continuously during hemodialysis. Total pulmonary resistance (TPR) and shunt ratio were calculated. Leukocyte count was reduced after the start of dialysis in all dogs, but transpulmonary difference in leukocyte count were not found. So-called pulmonary vascular leukostasis or microembolization was not observed in all specimens. Hypoxemia during dialysis was observed in two dogs, in which marked increase in TPR and mild to moderate increase in shunt ratio were also observed. Other four dogs, which showed no marked hypoxemia, also showed no increase in TPR and shunt ratio. It is suggested that the cause of dialysis-induced hypoxemia might be related to the pulmonary vasoconstriction of unknown mechanism.
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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
96
Published: February 15, 1983
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M. KOHYAMA, N. YAMANAKA, K. OHTA, T. KANAMONO, H. IWATA, M. NAKAGAWA
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
97-100
Published: February 15, 1983
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The purpose of plasma exchange in cases of rheumatoid arthritis, is based on the idea of removing circulating immune complexes, immuno globlins and antibodies. A large amount of human blood products is necessary for plasma exchange in order to remove whole components of plasma. Problems such as an insufficiency of human blood products, loss of useful components of plasma, occur rence of hepatitis and so on, may be induced. In attempt to solve these problems, we were performed Double-filtration plasma exchange in four cases of rheumatoid ar thritis. However, it is our impression that the method of selectively separating RA-related components in plasma, needs modification.
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Y. MINAGAWA, T. KAWAKAMI, T. KOJIMA, H. TAKEDA, M. KAWABATA, K. OKAYAS ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
101-103
Published: February 15, 1983
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The patient of 25 year-old female with brittle type MG had been treated by intermittent plasmapheresis for 3 years. The Hemonetics Model 30 was used for plasmapheresis. Plasmapheresis was performed 4-5 times a day for 3 days continuously, and about 6000ml of plasma were exchanged. The immediate effect of plasmapheresis was a rapid fall in Anti-acetylcholine Receptor Antibody level, but about 2 weeks later, antibody titers were recovered to preoperative level. However, after the total of 17 times of plasmapheresis were performed, the patient could be discharged from the Hospital in good conditions.
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I. IIZUKA, Z. YAMAZAKI, T. TAKAHAMA, F. KANAI, K. YABE, M. HIRAISHI, Y ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
104-107
Published: February 15, 1983
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We have developed simultaneous plasmacollection and exchange using membrane plasma separators, as a useful therapy for hepatic failure. By this method, the loss of effectiveness of fresh plasm is very small and larger amount of plasma can be obtained from the donor very safely. In the experiments here, we evaluated the effect of this therapy, using D-galactosamine induced hepatic failure beagle dogs as a model of acute hepatic failure. The effect was indicated by the remarkable decline of those increasing factors such as transaminases, and by the recovery to some extent, of coagulation factors.
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-Study on Carrier
T. OHSHIRO, G. KOSAKI, S. FUNAKOSHI, Y. UEMURA, B. TAKAGI, I. SAKAMOTO
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
108-111
Published: February 15, 1983
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In Japan, hepatitis B infection occurs in 7% of patients undergoing blood or plasma transfusion. Now, we have been developing the immunoadsorbent filter for removing hepatitis B virus, by means of immobilized HBs antibody. This report represented the study on carrier which is capable to link a lot of HBs antibody and to adsorb a lot of HBs antigen. The results were as follours: 1. The most effective carrier was anti-HBs treated cross-linked Gantrez, in addition to anti-HBs treated Sepharose. 2. When 1.0ml of HBs antigen positive plasma was filtrated through 0.2g of anti-HBs treated cross linked Gantrez, HBs antigen titer of plasma fell sharply from 2
10 to 2
3-2
4. It is supposed that the next subject of this experiment is the study on manufacture of cross-linked Gantrez.
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Adsorption characteristics of IgG in relationship to biological activity
S. KASAI, T. AKAIKE, T. KUNIMOTO, K. NITTA
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
112-115
Published: February 15, 1983
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In order to study the relationship between the adsorption characteristics of IgG and the induction of the effector function, we measured O
2 production from macrophages stimulated with antibody and immune complexes adsorbed to various polymer surfaces. Our findings suggest that activation of the Fc receptor-mediated function of macrophages requires, on the one hand, optimal conformational change and orientation of IgG and immune complexes adsorbed to the polymer surface and, on the other hand, the bridging of IgG molecules by multivalent agents.
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K. ICHIKAWA, H. ICHIKAWA, N. INOUE, Z. YAMAZAKI, Y. FUJIMORI, T. TAKAH ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
116-119
Published: February 15, 1983
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A new immunoadsorbent (I-02), which consists of modified polyvinyle alchole gel, has been developed and I-02 hemoperfusion system has been devised. The I-02 hemoperfusion was carried out to evaluate the biocompatibility of the system. No remarkable changes in biochemical and coagolation parameters were noted. The experimental dogs tolerated the procedure well. The procedure has been easily and safely performed.
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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
120
Published: February 15, 1983
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T. SONODA, Y. TANAKA, H. TANZAWA, T. NOGI, M. KIMURA, S. NISHIUMI, T. ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
121-124
Published: February 15, 1983
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New macromolecular filters (PLASMAX AS-08-C and AS-08-R) have been developed using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) hollow filter. The in vitro evaluation was performed using the bovine plasma at 25°C and 7°C (cryofiltration), by the three method (One way, Recycle and Partial discard).
Recycle method at 25°C with AS-08-R filter is the best system bythe following reasons.
i) Treated plasma volume till plugging: partial discard>Recycle>One way.
ii) Recovery ratio of albumin: Recycle>One way>>Partial discard.
iii) Separation efficiency: 25°C (AS-08-R)>7°C (AS-O8-C).
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I. KANEKO, T. AGISHI, Y. HASUO, H. KASAI, H. SHIMADA, M. HIGUCHI, K. E ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
125-128
Published: February 15, 1983
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plasma exchange is now widely applied in clinical practice utilizing membrane plasma separators with vrious membrane materials and modules such as hollow fiber and disc membrane. performances of plasma separation and solutes transfer have been examined in five currently obtainable plasma separators i. e., Plasmaflo, Plasmaflux, Plasmax, Plasmacure and Trumo---.
The filtration rate varies from 26.5±2.8ml/hr.mmHg to 120.2±2.5ml/hr.mmHg among the separators. The sieving coefficients exceed 0.9 even for large molecules such as IgM in all separators examined. Therefore, it is concluded that the performance of all plasma separators is satisfactory for present plasma exchange modality where three to four liters of plasma is treated per procedure.
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H. KOJIMA, E. KINUGASA, T. SEKIGUCHI, T. AKIZAWA, S. KOSHIKAWA, K. MAT ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
129-132
Published: February 15, 1983
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We evaluated clinically and in ex-vivo with adult mongrel dogs newly developed hollow fiber membrane plasma separater (TP-50) whose membrane was composed of polymer alloy. The sieving co-efficient in total protein exceeded 0.9 and that in beta-lipoprotein was maintained to be above 0.8 during plasma separation. Plasma flux was also stable during the treatments. White blood cell and platelet counts showed slight decrease in the initial phase of plasmapheresis, but in that point, there were no differences between TP-50 and the commercially available control membrane plasma separater. Little clinical side effects such as hemolysis or hyrotenson were observed. We conclude that this plasma separator has sufficient efficacy and blood compatibility for plasma separation and can be widely applicable for clinical usage.
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T. UCHIMA, T. WATANABE, S. NOZAKI, N. TAKAI, H. TAKAHASHI, M. HORI, K. ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
133-136
Published: February 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The membrane used in this study was a polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber membrane. The PP membrane was evaluated for this efficiency with various protein fractions. The filtration rates of albumin, α
1 and γ globulin fractions were>90%, and α
2 and β globulin fractions were>80%. Plasma flow rate was measured as a fanction of transmembrane pressure and blood flow rate, e. g. mean was 39ml/min when blood flow rate was fixed at 100ml/min and transmembrane pressure 50mmHg. Hemolysis did not occure when transmembrane pressure was below 60mmlg. It is, therefore, expected that the unit will prove useful in clinical applications.
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H. NAKANISHI, M. INOUYE, Y. IWAI, M. MORI, T. TOMONO, H. IKEDA, A. SHI ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
137-140
Published: February 15, 1983
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In these days several kinds of plasma separators have been developed and become commercially available. While almost all hollow fibers are made by wet process, we developed new polyethylene (PE) hollow fiber plasma separator using dry process (melt spinning method). The evaluations for the new hollow fibers were carried out by in vitro studies on biocompatibility, hemolysis and protein sieving properties. It is interest that the critical transmembrane pressure to avoid hemolysis was very high in PE fiber as compared with the conventional hollow fibers. SEM studies showed the difference of the shape of the pore among the hollow fibers by wet process or dry process and it is concluded that slit shape of the new PE hollow fibers minimizes hemolysis.
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T. TANI, T. OKA, T. HASHIMOTO, K. MATSUDA, N. UEHARA, F. TSUNODA, Y. N ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
141-144
Published: February 15, 1983
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Experimental study of PMMA macromolecule filter (Cut off 10
5 M. W) was done in vitro and ex vivo about the influence of ultrasonics and temperature. Ultrasonics was effective in the defence of gradual decrease of the filtered plasma volume.
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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
145
Published: February 15, 1983
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M. UMEZU, N. FUJII, T. TANAKA, K. KAWAZOE, T. FUJITA, T. AKUTSU
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
146-149
Published: February 15, 1983
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Hydrodynamic characteristics of 18 commercially-available valves including 6 newly-developed valves were studied on our mock circulatory system and the effective orifice area (EOA) of each valve was calculated by modified Gorlin's equation. The results were as follows: 1) EOA of Bicerval tilting disc valve was larger than that of Björk-Shiley (B-S) and was similar to those of CC-B-S, Omniscience, and SJM. 2) EOAs of new porcine valves (Liotta, Biocor) were similar to those of MO-Hancock(H250), and new Carpentier valves, but they were less than that of B-S by 15%. 3) As for the bovine pericardial valves, EOAs of Ionescu Shiley (I-S) and IMC were similar to those of B-S and H250, respectively. Ross-Bentley and new I-S exhibited the largest EOA among testing valves.
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T. AKAMATSU, T. KIJIMA, T. SHIROYAMA, H. FUKUMASU
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
150-153
Published: February 15, 1983
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A ducted ball valve is newly designed for an extracorporeal assist device. A ball is set up in a well-contoured duct along which the flow velocity is to be constant. This vale wastested and compared with a Bjork-Shiely valve and a St. Jude Medical valve in a steady flow and in a pulse duplicator. This valve proved almost the same pressure-loss as a SJM valve, the lowest in regurgitation, and the minimum in energy-loss.
Simultaneous measurements of ball displacement, flow rate and pressure-loss indicate that (1) the ball valve begins to close before regurgitation, this results in lowest regurgitation, (2) at the initial stage of valve-opening, the ball moves faster than the fluid, (3) at the end of opening or closing period, the ball touchs the cage or the valve seat at the much-reduced speed.
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N. FUJII, M. UMEZU, K. KAWAZOE, T. TANAKA, Y. KITO, T. FUJITA, H. MAMA ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
154-157
Published: February 15, 1983
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The in-vitro characteristics of various type of prosthetic heart valves in the state of low cardiac output and atrial fibrillation were studied. The materials were Björk-Shiley valve (BS), Ionescu-Shiley pericardial xenograf t (ISPX) and Mo-Hancock xenograft (Mo-HX) valves. It was found that ISPX showed superior valve characteristics over BS valve in aortic position and is suitable, therefore, in that position. In mitral position, however, BS valve revealed to have better performance in regular pulsation. On the other hand, in the state of atrial fibrillation, ISPX was found to be superior to BS valve. Refering to the frequent observation of atrial fibrillation accompaniing with mitral valve desease, ISPX is recommended to be used in mitral position as well.
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E. IMAMURA, S. ISHIHARA, Y. NISHIYA, T. SAITO, S. AOMI, H. KOYANAGI
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
158-160
Published: February 15, 1983
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To understand role of valve's position during tanning process on dynamic behavior, a radiopaque marker was placed on the ceter of each cusp free margin and the valve was implanted in mitral position of isolated canine heart/lung preparations. Marker movements were recorded with X-rad cinef ilms under beating conditions. Results showed that the open position f fixation (OPF) provided uniform cusp excursion regardless of flow volume, while the closed position fixation(CPF)offered sequential opening with irregular orifices changing with flow volume. Closing movement was slow and gradual in OPF, but very fast and impulsive in CPF. The opening interval was significantly increased in OPF. It was concluded that OPF allowed the preserved leaflets to behave like a natural aortic valve in vivo.
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[in Japanese]
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
161
Published: February 15, 1983
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Y. NOSHIKI, T. MIYATA
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
162-165
Published: February 15, 1983
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Polyester mesh tube was subcutaneously implanted into adlut dogs for 20 days to prepare fibrocollanous tissue tube enforced with the mesh. The tube was treated over night with 0.01% ficin at pH 7.0 to remove non-collagenous substances, then washed with saline. A solution of protamin sulphate was pored into the prepared collagen tube. The protamin was crossl inked to the collagen by glutaraldehyde, then the protamin crosslinked collagen tube was dipped into a heparin solution. By this procedure, the heparinized collagen vascular graft was prepared. The grafts were implanted into the thoracic descending aortae of 40 dogs. Non-heparinized collagen grafts were also implanted in 16 dogs as a control experiment. The grafts were taken out for macroscopic and microscopic observations at various periods of time up to 183 days post implantation. All of the tested grafts were patent through the experimental period. There was no thrombus formation on the heparinized graft. In the case of the control experiment, red thrombus layer was formed on the surface. Capillary blood vessels and fibroblasts penetrated into the net work of both the heparinized and non-heparinized collagen from the out side of the grafts. In the case of the heparinized collagen graft, thrombus formation was completely protected during the healing process, however, the endothelialization was delayed compared with the case of the non-heparinized collagen graft.
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K. TAMURA, T. NAKAMURA, H. MIZUNO, K. KATO, Y. SHIMIZU, T. TERAMATSU, ...
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
166-169
Published: February 15, 1983
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Small artificial vessels, coated with PVA-SiO
2 composite, were replaced at the parts of canine abdominal aorta for one and a half year. Patency rates were as follows: control 2/7; PVA-SiO
2 coating 4/7; PVA-SiO
2+heparin coating 8/12. The inner surfaces of these samples were observed with light microscopy and scan electronmicroscopy. Intima formation was thinner on the PVA-SiO
2 composite surfaces than on the control surfaces. Heparin functions as local anticoagulant and PVA-SiO
2 composite can control intima formation.
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M. KODAMA, T. HIROTSU, Y. SHIMURA, K. TAUDA, H. IJIMA, H. MAETA
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
170-173
Published: February 15, 1983
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Prosthetic grafts were modified by depositing on their surfaces with collagen or collagen-chondroitin sulfate complex by using glow discharge techniques and the veins of dogs were replaced with them. Biocompatibility and antithromobogenecity of the grafts were found to be enhanced by this treatment, especially with collagen-chondroitin sulfate complex. Fibrin formation and platelet adhesion on the grafts were inhibited and the patency extended for eleven months after replacement.
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T. OHKUMA, T. MAEYAMA, H. SASAKI, H. OHUCHI, M. KASAI
1983 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages
174-178
Published: February 15, 1983
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For evaluating the process of endothelialization, the E-PTFE grafts which had short fibril (4-8μ) were implanted into the canine portal vein. The grafts were removed from the dogs for histological and scanning electoronmicroscopic evaluation at intervals varying from 12 hours to 826 postoperative days. Twenty-nine of 36 grafts were patent (patency rate; 81%). The blood supply of the portion where the neointima was 0.2mm or more in thickness was from vasa vasorum, whereas that of the portion where the neointima was less than 0.2mm in thickness was directly from the portal blood. Complete formation of the inner capsle of the graft was essential to endothelialization. Direct extension of the endothelium was seen from the anastomotic site. Sporadic endothelialization was occuring. There were noted, however, communications among islet formed endothelialized portions. It seemed that endothelium derived from the host vein.
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