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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
615
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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G. MURAKAMI, Y YAMADA, I. TAKAHASHI, T. HORIUCHI, S. TAKAI, K. FUKUI, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
617-619
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The hemodialysis depends on the phenomenons of diffusion, ultrafiltration and absorption. Recently activated charcoal granule has been popular as the absorbent for hemoperfusion.
In order to evaluate charcoal plate type and charcoal hollow fiber, the artificial kidney with charcoal plate type and that with charcoal hollow fiber were studied.
I6-I7 cuprophan and charcoal membranes were constructed into artificial kidney. The surface area was 0.94-I.0m
2. The charcoal weight/m
2 was I3g. In vivo performance was investigated with dogs and patients of uremia. In the study of animal experiment the removal of urea-N was 72.0±7.8% and that of creatinine was 58.8±6.I/. The result of in vitro performance revealed that it removes middle weght molecules effectively. Cuprophan charcoal hollow fibers were constructed into artificial kidney, too. The surface area was 0.72m
2. The charcoal weight/m
2 was 30g. In vivo performance was investigated wth patients of uremia. The result was not so effective, as well as that with charcoal plate type artificial kidney.
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Tateki KITAOKA, Tadao AKIZAWA, Ken TAKAHASHI, Shozo KOSHIKAWA, Hideo O ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
620-623
Published: October 15, 1978
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A new type of non-coated activated charcoal (activated controlled pore carbon; ACPC) for direct hemoperfusion was investigated. Activated charcoal has several difficulties when used for direct hemoperfusion, i. e., release of carbon powder, damage to blood cell, platelet adhesion and aggregation.
We developed a new type of bead activated charcoal, which can be used in non-coated state without these difficulties. The capacity to adsorb creatinine, uric acid, inulin, Vitamin B
12 and various amino acids is superior to coal activated charcoal. The concentrations of guanidine and methylguanidine were increased during the activated charcoal incubation, suggesting the production of these guanidine delivertives under the presence of creatinine.
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K. SAKAI, K. YAGATA, M. KAMIYA, M. SUZUKI, N. AZUMA
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
624-627
Published: October 15, 1978
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In some of the solutes the exit concentration is kept zero, when activated charcoal is used for adsorber of Direct Hemoperfusion. Because, the minimum volume of the activated chacoal in which the exit concentration is kept zero, is too much to carry out the DHP in safty. Hence, we invented the calcuration of the concentration in the body, when the exit concentration is not zero and changes every moment.
Besides, the deference of the adsorption velosity in several solutes was known by the experiment of the complete mixing batch adsorption. And it was known that the rate-determining step of creatinine was in the adsoptive step.
Moreover, it was known tnat the 2-layered adsorber bed: lager particles are laid under smaller, was an effective method for prevention of channeling.
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M. MUTO, O. OTSUBO, T. DOHI, T. HORIUCHI, I. TAKAHASHI, Y. YAMADA, S. ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
628-631
Published: October 15, 1978
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of oral administration of activated charcoal to the uremic patient.
Surface of activated charcoal was treated with konjacmannan (KAC); the main component of ‘konnyaku’, popular article of food in Japan. KAC-1 and 2 containes charcoal 17% and 95% in weight respectively.
KAC was administered via a jejumum catherer to uremic dogs induced by ligation of bilateral ureters: KAC-1 25g×2/day (Group 1), KAC-2 25g×2 and 4/day (Group 2 and 3) and none (control group).
Creatinine levels for experimental dogs were lower than that of control and at fifth day of operation, the former was about 70% of the latter. But difference was not significant among three groups each other.
This study suggested that oral administration of KAC might support hemodialysis therapy to a certain degree.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
632
Published: October 15, 1978
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M. NAMBU, S. KUSAKARI, E. YOKOYAMA, K. KUMANO, K. SAKURAI, T. SAKAI, K ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
633-636
Published: October 15, 1978
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Minimal heparin doses during hemodialysis was examined by the haparin sensitivity test and Gotch's Kinetic model using Whole Blood Partial Thromboplastin Time (WBPTT). WBPTT, which has a good correlation to Lee-White coagulation time, can be measured simply and rapidly with a small amount of blood. There is a linear relation between WBPTT and heparin concentration in vitro. Adequate heparin doses was 14.1u/B.W.kg, which was introduced by in vitro sensitivity test and 14.9u/B.W.kg by Gotch's method. There is a good correlation in between them. Heparin sensitivity test was not correlated with B. W., Ht, Platelet count. Dialysis could be done under the control of minimal heparization using these methods without increasing risk of patient bleeding and dialyzer clotting. We concluded that a precise of minimal heparinization with WBPTT is safer in the dialysis for high bleeding risk patients than the conventional method.
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Tama FUKUMITSU, Kishiro YOSHIMOTO, Hiromasa KUMA, Toshihiko IKEDA, Yas ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
637-639
Published: October 15, 1978
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The present study revealed that hemodialyser (blood flaw side) and blood line set were heavily contaminated with foreign particles which could not be observed on visual inspection. Coil dialyser and blood line set were primed with saline solution as usual and particles in the saline which flawed out from dialyser were counted with H I A C automatic particle counter and were also observed with microscope. Considerable numbers of particles (1144 particles in 10ml) were found in initial 100ml of saline, which flawed out from dialyser. They showed various size (5-500u), various shape and various color. Particles, remaining in dialyser after priming maneuver, were guessed to be injected to patient, mixed with blood flaw during hemodialysis.
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T. OHNUKI, S. KIKUCHI, K. ERA, H. TOMA, T. AGISHI, K. OTA
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
640-643
Published: October 15, 1978
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Heparin has been considered to be an essential substance for extracorponeal circulation. However, administration of heparin unnecessarily prolongs clotting time of the patients who may be complicated with gastrointestinal or postoperative bleeding.
Prostaglandin I
2 which is known to inhibit platelet aggregability and adhesiveness was introduced as an anticoagulant for extracorponeal circulation.
Extracorponeal circulation with prostaglandin I
2 (200-1200μg/hour) was done for 1-2 hours in 6 dogs where whole blood clotting time was kept 5-11min. Some fibrin clots were observed in an air trap, but venous line pressure remained low.
In a case of a human patient with acute renal failure (67yrs. male) who complicated with gastrointestinal bleeding, hemodialysis was performed for 4 hours with prostaglandin I
2, whole blood clotting time was maintained 8-10min. After the hemodialysis gastrointestinal bleeding was not observed. Dialysis performance in a new method of anticoagulation with prostaglandin I
2 was evidenced to be comparable to that in a traditional heparin administration.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
644
Published: October 15, 1978
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Iwakazu KANEKO, Tetsuzo AGISHI, Katsuhito YAMAGATA, Toshihisa HOSHINO, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
645-647
Published: October 15, 1978
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Some contrivances are made on hollow fiber type dialyzer in an attempt to increace dialysis performance.
Of these, gadgets in a dialysate compartmente such as construction of baffle(s)or a long dialysate channel are evidenced to present a dangerous problem under particular workingcondition. Flow resistance is higer in a dialysate compartment than in a blood compartment. As a result, ultrafiltration directs from a dialysate compartment to ward a blood compartment.
If there are any broken fibers, nonsterile dialysate directly flows into blood.
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Sezaki RYOZO, Kobayashi SENTARO, Saito AKIRA, Kawaguchi SHUNSUKE, Maed ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
648-651
Published: October 15, 1978
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The level of sixteen serum proteins in 128 patients on regular dialysis treatment were studied.
With several proteins abnormal serum concentration were observed, for example, values of serum hemopexin, retinol-binding protein, prealbumin were significantly raised.
We believe that it is necessary to study the level of these serum proteins as an index of adequate dialysis in order to treat carefully uremic patients by regular dialysis.
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T. SHINODA, T. AKIBA, S. FUJISAKI, M. SUENAGA, J. TERAOKA, N. YOSHIYAM ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
652-655
Published: October 15, 1978
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To decrease losses of water, sodium, calcium, and bicarbonate into ultrafiltrate in hemofiltration therapy, we made Filtration Reabsorption Artificial Kidney (FRAK) using adsorption capacity of Beslon Activated Carbon Fiber (BACF). In vitro study, BACF adsorbed fair amount of Urea, and adsorption capacity was refreshed by washing with HFAR solution. FRAK appeared efficient in the point of partial reabsorption of calcium, bicarbonate, and so on, and has a possibility to be otherwise equivalent to post-dilutional hemofiltration. FRAK is considered to take some part of tubular function of human kidneys, and to be a simulation of the tubulus.
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Kazuo ERA, Tetsuzo AGISHI, Katsumi ITO, Kazuo OTO, Masaru NAKASATOMI, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
656-658
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Overdose infusion, which way cause congested heart failure or pulmonary edema, is very dangerous for oliguric patient. An infusion-ultrafiltration balance system, which automatically maintains a balance between an amount of infusate and that of ultrafiltrate has been devised.
The fundamental principle is to keep constant a total weight of infusate and ultrafiltrate. When an amount of infusate tends to exceed that of ultrafiltrate, an ultrafiltration pump start functioning and reduce plasma volume. Accuracy of the system is shown satisfactory.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
659
Published: October 15, 1978
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Yoshinori HARA, Tooru KOJIMA, Makoto KIKUCHI, Etsuko MACHIYAMA, Nobuyu ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
660-663
Published: October 15, 1978
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We had developed the optimal control system of blood glucose level as a new artificial beta cell, and reported previously.
We employed qadratic linearized model proposed by Ackerman as the mathematical model of the blood glucose regulatory system in the human body, and applied the optimal control theory into this field for the first time.
However, as we reported, it is necessary to estimate the parameter's value of this mathematical model correctly to perform the optimal control.
So in this study, we tried to adopt the recursiv least squares parameter estimation procedure to estimate the parameter's value. We carried out not only the digital simulationn but also the animal experiment with diabetic dogs and confirmed that this procedure could estimate the parameter's value correctly and automatically.
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T. KOJIMA, E. MACHIYAMA, M. KIKUCHI, N. KABEI, A. YAMADA, Y. SAKURAI, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
664-667
Published: October 15, 1978
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We had reported the blood glucose monitoring system using ultrafiltration cell and flowtype oxygen-electrode method. But this system had too long response time to apply for the artificial pancreas in spite of its high accuracy. In this paper, we present our improved monitoring system and experimental result about it. Improvement was made to shorten the response time; Continuous end-point assay was changed to discrete rate assay. Twin-electrode differencial determination was changed to single-electrode determination. With these improvements, linearity was obtained at least to
500mg/dl and total response time was shortened to 4′45″.
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Okuyama TETSUYA, Miyazaki CHIKARA, Sunami HISAKAZU, Sumoto MISAO, Ohar ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
668-671
Published: October 15, 1978
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We have developed Blood Glucose Continuous Monitoring System, which will be able to apply to the bed-side type Artificial Pancreas. Withdrawing whole blood from the vein at the rate of 0.05ml/min by double lumen catheter, this system can continuously measure glucose concentration in the blood. The size of this instrument is 44cm W×20cm H×38cm D. The sample withdrawn into the system is continuously diluted and glucose concentration in it is detected by the G.O.D. enzyme electrode. This enzyme electrode is comprised of G.O.D. gel between two membranes and Clark-type oxygen electrode. Measurable range is 0-1, 000mg/dl glucose concentration. The output of the enzyme electrode is slowed on the digital display and simultanuously recorded on the pen-recorder.
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M. SHICHIRI, R. KAWAMORI, Y. YAMASAKI, T. MURATA, M. KIKUCHI, M. NOMUR ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
672-675
Published: October 15, 1978
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A glucose infusion mechanism was added to our artificial beta cell. In this artificial endocrine pancreas, glucose infusion rate was based on the proportional and derivative actions to blood glucose concentration with the time delay with the blood withdrawal and the initiation of glucose infusion.
It was demonstrated that the prompt and stable restorement of insulin-induced hypoglycemia to normoglycemia was shown in depancreatized dogs with a small glucose infusion amount when glucose was infused on the basis of the proportional plus derivative action with the least time delay.
This result indicates that the artificial endocrine pancreas is not only a useful device to control the blood glucose safely, but also an elegant research tool to analyze the blood glucose regulatory mechanism.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
676
Published: October 15, 1978
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M. FUNAMI, T. TAKABA, A. KAMEI, T. MICHIHATA, H. MAEDA, H. OTA, T. ICH ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
677-680
Published: October 15, 1978
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The advantages of delivering pulsatile rather than continuous flow during extracorporeal circulation have not been completely established.
The comparative studies were carried out on pulsatile and nonpulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass.
20 dogs were used for experiment.
The present study was performed especially to determine the effects of pulsatile flow on the peripheral vascular circulation.
The disposable pulsatile blood pump for extracorporeal circulation, Nikkiso Type PP-11, has two soft leaflet valves and U shaped silastic blood chamber.
Cardiopulmonary bypass with pulsatile flow was found to offer the following statistically significant advantages: higher renal flow, higher renal tissue flow and lower renal vascular vesistance.
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H. MIYAKE, I. FUJIMASA, K. IMACHI, N. TAKIDO, H. OHMICHI, N. IWAI, K. ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
681-684
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Evaluation of a new Pulsatile Heart Lung Machine (PHLM), which consists of two pulsatile pumps (air driven sac type (90 ml)) and a membrane oxygenator (2.25 m
2), was carried out in 12 goats (40-63 kg) to establish the effective extracorporeal circulation especially for the operation of total artificial heart replacement. This close circuit pump oxygenator's priming volume was less than 1700 ml.
The results were as follows;
1) In 10 cases, sufficient amount of pulsatile flow (50-100 ml/kg/min) was obtained.
2) Non-cellular priming perfusion could be done for more than 40 kg animals.
3) All observed physiological parameters were maintained within normal range by minimum correction.
4) PHLM will be useful enough for other open heart operations and ECMO.
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T FUNADA, T. IWA, M. OHIRA, K. TSUCHIYA, M. SEKI, K. MURAKITA, T. SHIN ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
685-688
Published: October 15, 1978
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Clinical results of pulsatile assist device (PAD), which was developted by Bregman in 1976, had been already reported by us. In our early experiences PAD was activated by the system 8O.
It became clear that system 8O had too high vacum pressure for PAD, and did not produce ideal flow wave. So our new activating Systems (Model-KI, Model-KF) were developted, which were able to control positive pressure interval and drive pressure as well as vacum pressure. In recent clinical experiences of this System more reliable and ideal phyological flow wave was obtained, and PAD could be done even in small child safely.
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Naondo TAKIDO, Iwao FUJIMASA, Kou IMACHI, Norishige IWA, Hitoshi MIYAK ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
689-692
Published: October 15, 1978
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A closed circuit of pulsatile flow pump-oxygenator named “Pulsatile Heart Lung Machine” (PHLM) was developed.
This system is consisted of two air driven pulsatile pumps, a membrane, a heat exchanger, a pump driving device, a halothane vapourizer, an electromagnetic flowmeterand a suction pump.
the caracteristics of this system are as follows;
1) pulsatile inflow from vein and outflow to artery.
2) relatively small priming volume.
3) good and easy controlability
4) easy to get sufficient perfusion flow during cardiac arrest.
5) compact machine in size.
This system will be able to be used in clincal long term extracorporeal circuration.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
693
Published: October 15, 1978
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K. OHORI, N. WATANABE, F. OKAMOTO, M. CHIBA, H. ADACH, T. ABE, N. TANA ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
694-697
Published: October 15, 1978
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We studied experimentally the function of the new disposable pulsatile pump (Nikkiso, PP-11). The pulsatile pump was revealed very little hemolysis than roller pump.
Under pump output of 2.0l/min., the pump could maintain 80% of arterial blood pressure of pre-perfusion. And also, blood flow of the carotid and renal artery was satisfactory under flow rate of 170 ml/Kg/min..
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the second report: the microcirculation
H. SAKABE, S. NAKAJI, Y. SASAKI, S. OCHI, Y. WADA, K. TAMARI, N. IKEDA ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
698-701
Published: October 15, 1978
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Most cardiovascular drugs have both cardiac and vascular effects. The microcircuration in dog's greater omentum before and after the administration of drugs during total cardiopulmonary bypass with a pulsatile pump was observed to determine the vascular effects.
When Chlorpromazine 1 mg/kg was administered, the diameter of the arterioles incresed, the flow became slower, and the total systemic peripheral resistance (T.S.P.R.) dropped. No significant change was observed with the administration of Lidocaine 10 mg/kg. With isoproterenol 0.01 mg/kg, the diameter of the arterioles as well as the venules increased, flow was slow, and the T.S.P.R. dropped. With the use of Noradrenalin 0.05 mg/kg, the diameter of the arterioles and venules decreased, flow was fast, and the T.S.P.R. rose.
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Abe SADAYOSHI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
702-704
Published: October 15, 1978
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The prognosis in the obstructive peripheral artery disease depends on the development of the collateral vessel.
There are two important factors for the development of the collateral vessel; Pressure change on the vessel wall due to the pulsatile blood flow and the elasticity of the vessel wall.
The local circulatory support was done with the pulsatile pump and the driving control circuit, and these significant results were obtained.
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T. FUJIMOTO, M. UMEZU, N. MATSUMOTO, K. SATO, K. KOH, K. TSUCHIYA
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
705-708
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The effects of capacitance of inlet side reservoir on the inflow characteristic of the pulsatile blood pump have been studied, employing lumped parameter model and mock circulation, to improve the inflow characteristic of the pulsatile blood pump system which has high inflow impedance.
Model analysis revealed that reservoir on the pump inlet side improved the inflow characteristic. Based on the results of the analysis, experimental verification was performed using mock circulation. Mock tests showed that installing a reservoir in the pump system increased the output flow rate up to twice of its normal value and decreased the amplitude of the cyclic variation of inflow velocity to 1/4 of usual driving condition.
Valuable information for the pump design has been obtained from these analysis.
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-for optimal design of artificial organs-
S. NAKAJIMA, T. AKANEYA, Y. NISHIOKA, T. SASAJIMA, K. TAKEUCHI, K. IKE ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
709-711
Published: October 15, 1978
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The present study was intended to make clear how the shapes of vessels influence the distribution of fluid flow and also to unravel the effects of branching angle, frequency, flow velocity and viscosity on the various shapes of vessels.
Following results were obtained.
1) An increase in the flow volume is associated with a decrease in the flow volumes into the branch of straight tube, but opposite results apear the curved model with branch.
2) The influence of branching angle is large. The optimal priciple of vascular bifurcatior can exist in model experiment.
3) As given on the figure 5, 6. The greater the beating rate, the greater are the flow volumes in the bifurcated tubes of straight curved tube models.
4) The lower the flow velocity, the greater are the flow volumes into the bifurcated tubes. In stenotic, elliptic models, low flow velocity decreases the flow resistant factors.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
712
Published: October 15, 1978
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
713-715
Published: October 15, 1978
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Hiroyuki FUKUMASU, Robert BLAYLOCK, George VEASY, L. B. PONS, Steven D ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
716-719
Published: October 15, 1978
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The development of an intra-aortic balloon pump has revolutionized the care of patients with cardiac shock (1-4). Many adult patients are getting great benefits from this achievement. This laboratory has recently successfully developed miniature components of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) system for small patients (5). The smallest balloon catheters are 0.75cc to 2.0cc on 3.75 French catheters, which can be introduced into the descending aorta in newborn babies through a femoral artery. The principles of balloon pumping (4) are the same for children as for adults. The effectiveness of the system has been proved, both in in vitro testing systems and in small animals with and without experimental heart failure, including some kinds of acquired and congenital heart failure. This paper introduces the miniature IABP system for small patients, and the experimental results in small animals and in vitro testing systems.
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A. SAKAI, K. SHIMAZU, K. KAWAZOE, M. ENDO, J. WADA, T. FUJIMOTO, M. UM ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
720-723
Published: October 15, 1978
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The combined effect of a intra-aortic balloon pumping and pulsatile V-A bypass was studied in the cases of aorta-coronary bypass operation and in the failing heart after mitral valve replacement.
Combination of both systems resulted in the most effective cardiac assist based on the diastolic augmentation, left ventricular systolic unloading, and decrease in right ventricular pressure-volume work. Left atrial mean pressure was not changed in this series.
The most effective application of this method is recommended in the period of weaning process from the extracorporeal circulation in the sever open heart surgery.
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Y. MIYAUCHI, Y. NAKAGAWA, H. SAITO, K. ISOMURA, I. ADACHI, K. NAGAOKA, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
724-727
Published: October 15, 1978
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The effectiveness of pulsatile flow during the cardiopulmonary bypass was well known.
However, IABP is not always used as early as it should because it is not part of the standard extracorporeal circulation setup, and it requires additional cutdown, an arterial graft and the retrograde insertion of a foreign body into the arterial tree.
We devised a compact pulsatile assist device which should be used in the cardiopulmonary bypass, particularly when the patient is in weaning from the CPB.
The detail of this device and its initial use in experimental CPB were described.
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Shin-ichi NITTA, Yuzuru KAGAWA, Tadayoshi HONGO, Naoshi SATO, Osamu KA ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
728-731
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Despite great advances in cardiac surgery and techniques in extracorporeal circulation in recent years, there are still few cases showing difficulties in weaning off from extracorporeal circulation. Intraaortic baloon pumping (IABP) and/or left heart bypass (LHB) should be indicated for these cases.
We have analyzed the modes of weaning off from extracorporeal circulation in 248 cases who underwent open heart surgery using extracorporeal circulation in the period between 1976 and 1978 in our institute.
Mean time from canpletion of intracardiac repair and termination of extracorporeal circulation in all cases was 34 minutes, but that of the cases who did not require any cardiotonic drugs and/or antiarrhythmic drugs was 24 minutes. Of 248 cases, 65 cases (24.5%) required cathecholamines and 36 cases (13.4%) required antiarrhythmic drugs. 37 cases (14%) required more than 40 minutes of extracorporeal circulation after canpletion of intracardiac repair and all of them required cathecholamines and/or antiarrhythmic drugs. Moreover, of 37 cases 6 cases (2.3%) could not be weaned off from extracorporeal circulation. In 31 cases who could be weaned off from prolonged extracorporeal circulation, IABP was utilized in 2 cases and LHB in one case for the relief of severe left heart failure with excellent results.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
732
Published: October 15, 1978
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N. KAKU, A. HATASHIMA, K. YOSHIDA, K. HIRATA, T. TOKUYASU, H. TAKAGI, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
733-735
Published: October 15, 1978
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Viscosity of those blood, in order of plasma, wasked blood, fresh blood, preserved blood and condensed blood, increase under definite temperature. There are influence of hematocrit. Swelling of free volume of condensed blood ase much more in comparison with fresh blood under definite (4°C and 37°C) temparature.
Progressive changes (from one day to twenty day) of viscosity of fresh blood is related to rising of hematocrit due to swelling of red cells. In some cases of condensed blood suspended in substituted plasma, red cells is soon going down by unstable electric condition, in another cases red cells is dominant swelled.
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Y. INAGAKI, A. NAITO, A. TERAMACHI, I. AMANO
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
736-739
Published: October 15, 1978
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Modified field effect transistor (PET) microelectrode is able to monitor pH. Ins bead of gate metal in metal oxide semiconductor (MOB) type FET, electrolyte was used. As CSF does not contain platelet and fibrinogen, it is easy to monitor CSP-pH than arterial pH. We made respiratory alkalosis and acidosis experimentally in mongrel dogs and monitored CSF-pH continuously using this electrode. Consequently we got data that CSF-pH is changeable by respiratory factor.
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Tetsuro KATO, Ryosuke NEMOTO, Ikutaro KUMAGAI
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
740-743
Published: October 15, 1978
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Mitomycin C (MMC), a potent anticancer drug, was microencapsulated with ethylcellulose based on the principles of coace rvation with certain modifications. The mean particle size was 224μm, so that the capsules were readily infused through an 18-G needle and the capsules contained 80% (W/W) of biologically active MMC on average. Sustained-release of MMC from the capsules was demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Selective intra-arterial infusion of the capsules into dog kidneys resulted in persistent activity of MMC in the organ and decreased release of MMC into circulating blood. Mitomycin C-microcapsule could be applied to an intensive cancer chemotherapy with minimum side effects.
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Y. INAGAKI, A. NAITO, I. AMANO
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
744-747
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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For blood sampling and venography 3 lumen 2 balloon catheter was made, Three kinds of material—raw ruber, silicon rubber and latex rubber—were used for the balloon portion. In mongrel dogs through femoral vein the catheter was inserted and placed in the position where two balloons were proximal and distal of renal or hepatic vein. For renal venography 10ml of 76% Urogafin was injectedd and 15ml for hepatic venography. It seemed that silicon was the best concerning anticoagulability and durability for pressure, but extension rate latex was the best. Pressure between balloons was monitored during regal venography. Maximum pressure was about 350-400mmHg Security of venography should be more investigated thereafter.
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F. MAHARA, S. NAKAE, Y. KASAGI, O. ISHIBASHI, S. TSUKAKOSHI, M. KOSHIK ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
748-751
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A newly developed catheter system, which aims to the transvenous closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) without thoracotcmy, is reported. This catheter system consists of universal hock, Ivalon sponge plug, ratchet bar and ratchet mechanism.
First of all, the universal hock anchors in the descending aorta at the orifice of PDA through the venously introduced catheter. The ivalon sponge which is plugging in PDA is then fixed by the ratchet mechanism. A smooth function of the designed mechanisms and a successful closure of the PDA are demonstrated both in the fundamental studies using the PDA model circuit and in the animal experiments using dogs constructed PDA.
The presented catheter system could possibly be used clinically after the meticulous chronic experimental studies.
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Akira USUBA, Hitoshi INOUE, Shunichiro ITO, Megumu KANNO, Shunichi HOS ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
752-755
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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The clinical result of the cadaveric organ transplantation in Japan are poor in comparison with those of other countries. Because of differentiation of the definition of deth.It is impossible to remove organ under the beating-heart condition.
To maintain viability of cadaveric abdominal organs perfusion divice and double balloon catheter was developed in Fukushima Medical School.
Experimental results in 10 dogs were satisfactry and revealed vaiable as long as 6 hours perfusion in this device.
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[in Japanese]
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
756
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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K. FUJITA, N. MANDAI, A. OHYA, K. HARA, S. SEKI, S. TERAMOTO
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
757-760
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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A new right ventricle was constructed with a Teflon patch on the left ventricular epicardium of the canine heart. As an inlet of this chamber an aortic homograft was anastomosed between the right atrium and the new RV. As an outlet another homograft was anastomosed to the pulmonary arterial trunk. Hemodynamic parameters (RA, RV, PA, LV pressures, PA flow, RV max dp/dt, LV max dp/dt) after the construction of new RV was almost the same as the original one. To obtain the good hemodynamic performance the size of the patch was found to be the most important factor.
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S. SHIGEMOTO, Y. HAMANAKA, A. OHOTSUBO, M. MATSUMURA, N. MIYOSHI, J. M ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
761-764
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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It has been a serious problem to control a percutaneous access connecting the artificial heart device to an external power source for chronic use. Especially, intractable focal infection would frequently lead to oblige to terminate the experiment having combined general infection. Accordingly we have designed a serial experimental evaluation of various skin buttons implanted into the calves in order to investigate the incidence of infection and the degree of tissue reaction. Thus we concluded that the dacron felt skin button with silastic buffer would be the most suitable at the present time.
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N. MIYOSHI, Y. HAMANAKA, T. MOCHIZUKI, M. MATSUMURA, J. MURASHITA, S. ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
765-768
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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We have performed a comparative study on the effects of intravenous GIK (Glucose-Insulin-Kalium) infusion by hemodynamic investigations mainly on cardiac output, administering GIK to 3 calves with total artificial heart implantation and 3 calves with natural heart. The dosis of GIK infused was 20% glucose; 5ml kg, K; 0.2mEq/kg and Regular insulin; 0.6units/kg.
We have obtained the following conclusions. 1) The aortic pressure and cardiac output were significantly increased by intravenous infusion of GIK in the calves with intact natural heart. 2) No significant hemodynamic changes were observed by intravenous infusion GIK in the calves with total artificial heart replaced. 3) Consequently the hemodynamic effect of GIK was proved mainly due to the mechanism directly activated on the natural heart.
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Kozaburo HAYASHI, Takuji WASHIZU, Nobuko TSUSHIMA, Norihiko MORINAGA, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
769-770
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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K. IMACHI, I. FUJIMASA, T. NISHISAKA, H. OHMICHI, N. IWAI, H. MIYAKE, ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
771-774
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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Thrombus formation at valve is one of the most important problem for antithrombogenicity of artificial heart pump. In our institute, specially designed valve named OED valve has been using in these five years. This valve is a door-type valve with oblique elliptical seat, and valve plate is fixed to pump wall by polyester suture at two points. The function and durability of this valve is very good, and no trouble has been experienced for over hundred cases of animal experiments. However, thrombus formation surrounding the suture as the hinge is the most serious problem for this valve. Thrombus formation at artificial heart valve are shown in table for the goats survived over two weeks.
To protect the thrombus formation at the valve, heparin sac with 3 to 5ml of volume was fixed on the pump wall enclosed the end of valve suture. A small quantity of heparin can diffuse through polyester nitted suture, and thrombus formation surrounding the suture may be prohibited without anticoagulant therapy. As the result of animal experiments, four goats survived over two weeks and in two of them thrombus couldn't be found at the valve, and in other two cases, the thrombus was very little. In all cases, the systemic blood clotting time was maintained within normal range.
As conclusion, this method is effective for protection of thrombus formation in localized area and will be able to apply for other artificial organs.
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Fumio IWAYA, Hiro FUKUMASU, Don B. OLSEN, Kristen J. RAZZECA, L. D. MC ...
1978 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages
775-778
Published: October 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: October 07, 2011
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It is the aim of this laboratory to devevelop a reliable and acceptable artificial heart for human application in the near future. The Jarvik heart has been used to keep calves alive for 6 months (1). Our present surgical procedure (2) for implantation is to excise both ventricles and coronary arteries and leave almost all of both atria in situ. The atrial cuffs are then connected to the artificial ventricles. The remnant atria does not have a blood supply via coronary arteries. In a recent series of experiments, 75% of the calves survived one month with a total artificial heart (TAB). However, we have observed a pannus formation in both atrioventricular inflow tracts. Presently it is the primary cause of termination of long-term survival calves, and has been reported in this laboratory (1) and other laboratories (3, 4). The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the status of the atrial myocardium with an interrupted coronary blood flow, and to define the long-term prognosis of the remnant atria, and to identify the origin and etiological factors of the abnormal tissue growth (pannus at the junction of the atrial cuff and quick connects.
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