The Journal of Toxicological Sciences

IMPAIRMENT OF HEART MITOCHONDRIA INDUCED BY LARGE DOSES OF SYMPATHOMIMETICS AND ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS IN GUINEA PIGS

Yoshio MONMA, Hideya SAITO, Tsuneyoshi TANABE

1976 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 20-25
Published: January 15, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2131/jts.1.20

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By using the polarographic technique with a rotating electrode, respiratory function was tested in heart mitochondria which were obtained from guinea pigs pretreated with sympathomimetics and adrenergic blocking agents. The degree and duration of mitochondrial impairment were dose-dependent. Alpha and beta adrenergic blocking agents both induced the same type of obstruction of mitochondrial respiration as was seen with sympathomimetics. It has been suggested that a hypoxic state of the myocardium induced by sympathomimetics is partially related to the onset of respiratory obstrution in myocardial mitochondria. No relationship was observed between the catecholamine-induced impairment of mitochondria and adrenergic receptors in the myocardium.

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ON THE METABOLIC DETOXICATION OF BITHIONOL IN MAN

Masahiko TAKADA

1976 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 26-31
Published: January 15, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2131/jts.1.26

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Detoxication of bis (2-hydroxy-3, 5-dichlorophenyl) sulfide, bithionol, was investigated in man. A novel metabolite was isolated as a crystalline derivative from bithionol medicated urine and identified as bithionol-monoglucuronide (as a methyl acetyl derivative). Oxidation of the sulfur atom of this compound was not recognized It is concluded that bithionol is detoxicated partially by forming a monoglucuronide conjugate.

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TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE CHLOROQUINE-MELANIN AFFINITY IN VIVO AND IN VITRO IN RELATION TO THE CHLOROQUINE RETINOPATHY

Yutaka KASUYA, Hiroshi MIYATA, Minoru WATANABE

1976 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 32-38
Published: January 15, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2131/jts.1.32

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Using whole body- and micro-radioautography it was found that radio-activity was specifically retained for more than a month following an i.v. injection of ¹⁴C-chloroquine in the retinal pigment epithelium of pigmented rats and guinea-pigs, but not in that of albino animals. By a long term oral administration of chloroquine the intensive accumulation of melanin granules in the pigment epithelium and also in the choroid of the pigmented guinea-pig was observed. Using synthetic melanin, chloroquine was found to be adsorbed by melanin in two modes; one operates in low chloroquine concentrations and is extremely strong and independent to pH, and the other operates in higher chloroquine concentrations and is pH-dependent and chloroquine can be released by washing.

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Long-Term Feeding Test of Sanpoly-305 in Rats.

K. Maita, H. Masuda, Y. Suzuki

1976 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 39-49
Published: January 15, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2131/jts.1.39

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Sanpoly-305 was mixed in feed at 3 different concentrations-100ppm, 1000ppm, and 2500ppm-and fed to rats for 79 weeks. Animals did not show any symptoms up to 52-week except for occasional decrement of general state by murine pneumonia. From 53-week on, they showed so called senile changes as discharge of viscous eye mucus, hypokinesia and etc., but there were no specific symptoms related to the agent administration. No specific effect related to the agent administration was not seen in incidence and types of the tumors occurred in the present study.

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