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Volume 21, Issue 3
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 214
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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Mami Yamasaki, Katsuhito Akagi, Kou Niinomi, Seiji Kinoshita, Tatsuo K ...1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 215-221
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntracranial hemorrhage is a fatal complication associated with aplastic anemia. We have encountered four patients who experienced six episodes of intracranial hemorrhage (intracerebral hemorrhage; 3, subarachnoid hemorrhage; 2, and subdural hematoma; 1, ). Intracranial hemorrhage occurred without traumatic episodes, and was followed by frequent hemorrhagic episodes in other parts of about one year duration. This disease is considered to recur after a short interval. The site, type and degree of intracranial hemorrhage varied, and therefore intracranial hemorrhage seemed to be caused not only by thrombocytopenia but also by multifactorial hemorrhagic tendency. Transfusion of platelet rich plasma, and administration of Grycerol® and steroids produced good results for conservative therapy. Continuous spinal drainage for subarachnoid hemorrhage was a relatively safe and useful means of management. In the patients who showed precipitous deterioration, the CT scan findings indicated that the high-density-area was diffusely spread with an unclear border, just like “contusional hemorrhage”. For such severe cases, blood evacuation with craniotomy and emergency splenectomy are considered to be valuable.View full abstractDownload PDF (6686K) -
Junichi Tanaka, Shin Kawakami, Kimio Hashimoto1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 222-226
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSubependymal giant cell astrocytomas associated with tuberous sclerosis were studied with immunostains for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myelin basic protein (MBP) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Tumor tissue was composed of three forms of cells; polygonal, ovoid and fusiform. A polygonal form was large in size and contained a vesicular nucleus, a distinct nucleolus and scarce Nissl granules resembling a nerve cell. An ovoid cell was similar to a gemistocytic astrocyte. Glial fibers stained with PTAH were observed to surround the tumor cell cluster. Immunocytochemically the polygonal cells were GFAP-and NSE-positive, the ovoid cells were GFAP-, MBP-and NSE-positive, and the fusiform cells were sometimes GFAP-and NSE-positive. The origin of tumor cells remains controversial, either glial or neuronal. This tumor occurs commonly in the subependymal region where germinal matrix cells appear at the early developmental stage. These results suggest that subependymal giant cell astrocytoma could have the totipotential to differentiate to astrocytic, oligodendrocytic as well as neuronal cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (3774K) -
Hideaki Kobashi, Etsuo Naito, Yasuhiro Kuroda1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 227-233
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe usefulness of a rapid diagnosis of congenital lactic acidemia was investigated using peripheral blood samples from 40 patients with lactic acidemia which had been transported from the hospitals in every part of Japan. Platelets and monocytes were separated, and the rates of decarboxylation of pyruvate and activities of enzymes involved in pyruvate metabolism were measured. The activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in monocytes was relatively stable. However, [1-14C] pyruvate and [3-14C] pyruvate decarboxylation rates and cytochrome c oxidase activity in platelets and pyruvate carboxylase activity in monocytes were unstable and decreased during the transportation of blood samples. Therefore, in order to diagnose the enzyme defects, it was necessary to compare the values for patients with those for control subjects who were simultaneously examined. Using this method, a patient with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency was found in the 40 patients with congenital lactic acidemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (716K) -
Masaaki Nishimura, Satoko Nishimura, Shigeaki Yamada1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 234-238
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltrasound imaging of muscle was performed on 40 patients of Duchenne mascular dystrophy on lower and upper extremities. In the control subjects, there was good visualization of bone and fascia with echo-free muscle tissue. With progression of the disease, the muscle echo was increased with corresponding loss of fascia echo in muscular dystrophy. A few advanced cases showed relatively echo-free muscle because of diffuse adipose tissue infiltration. Ultrasound imaging can reveal the muscular lesion and its distribution, and is valuable for monitoring the progression of the disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (5919K) -
Yuko Hayashi, Taisuke Shiraishi, Junkichi Tani, Kumiko Araki, Takanobu ...1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 239-244
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pituitary reserve of growth hormone (GH) was studied in 11 severely handicapped boys (14-18 years old) with mental retardation and cerebral palsy (CP); athetotic type 4 cases, and spastic type 7 cases. Serum GH was determined before and after intravenous injection of 1 ng/kg growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) or oral administration of 0.1 mg/m2 clonidine. The athetotic type patients showed low somatomedin C (Sm C) concentrations (0.31±0.11 U/ml), poor responses to clonidine, and good responses to GRF. The spastic type patients showed subnormal responses to GRF although their Sm C was normal (0.91±0.43 U/ml). Clinically, the stature was small, and the puberty was delayed in the former. The levels of plasma testosterone were significantly lower than those in the latter. It is concluded that athetotic type CP was associated with hypothalamic GRF deficiency and spastic type CP was associated with reduced pituitary reserve of GH.View full abstractDownload PDF (704K) -
Kenichirou Inomata, Fumio Nasu, Akihiko Tateno1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 245-249
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe performed an ultracytochemical study of Mg+-ATPase as a marker of maturation in circumventricular capillaries at the developmental stage of rats, from 19 gestational days to 18 postnatal day, comparing with hippocampal capillaries. During the course of perinatal development, the predominant site of the Mg+- ATPase activity in circumventricular capillaries was shifted from the luminal cell membrane to the antiluminal cell membrane and the total enzyme activity was markedly increased. In all hippocampal capillaries observed, the predominant site of the Mg+-ATPase activity was the antiluminal cell membrane. It was suggested that immaturity of circumventricular capillaries may be one of the causative factors leading to intraventricular and subependymal hemorrhages in neonates.View full abstractDownload PDF (3999K) -
I. Developmental Changes of Dominance of Visual Field in Normal ChildrenNaofumi Ichiba1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 250-257
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDevelopmental changes of dominance of visual field was evaluated using a tachistoscope in 70 normal subjects from 4 years of age up to adulthood (35 males and 35 females). The time of exposure was measured under two experimental conditions; simultaneous stimulation of different types to both left and right fields, or a single stimulus only to one visual field. One of the following stimuli was exposed to the visual field; one, two or three letters of Japanese characters (“hirakana”), one of Chinese characters (“kanji”), figures, and Roman alphabets.
Simultaneous bilateral stimulation revealed frequent dominance in the right visual field, which was established by 4 years of age. The average time of exposure become shorter with age up to 6-7 years for one “hirakana” letter and one “kanji”, and up to 10 years for two and three “hirakana” letters. All four lefthanded subjects in this study showed dominance of the right visual field. Dominance of the left visual field was observed in 3 of 52 subjects with dominance of the right eye (5.8%), and in 5 of 15 with dominance of the left eye (33.3%). This difference was statistically significant (X2=8.41, p<0.01).
It was suggested that dominance of the visual field was related with dominance of the eye, and not with handedness.View full abstractDownload PDF (2749K) -
II. Correlation between Dominance of Visual Field and Dominance of the EyeNaofumi Ichiba1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 258-264
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify more precisely about the correlation between the dominance of visual field and dominance of the eye, tachistoscopic examination was performed on 48 normal adults; 24 males and 24 females, and 24 right-handed and 24 left-handed subjects. The mean of the time of exposure was less than 4.5 msec. The time of exposure was independent of handedness, dominance of the eye, sex, or the type of stimulus. Four righthanded and four left-handed subjects showed dominance of the left visual field for the A value, suggesting no correlation between handedness and dominance of the visual field. However, six of those eight subjects were found to have dominance of the left eye for the A value, and all seven subjects with dominance of the left visual field for the D value showed dominance of the left eye (x2= 16.39, p<0.001).
It was concluded that dominance of the eye was significantly correlated with visual field. It is therefore important to examine dominance of the eye as well as dominance of the visual field for evaluation of cerebral dominance with regard to visual perception.View full abstractDownload PDF (933K) -
Siblings with Different Ultraviolet Sensitivity and Early Onset of ManifestationsNobuhiko Okamoto, Kazumasa Otani, Jiro Abe, Yasuyuki Futagi, Masaru Ni ...1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 265-270
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSiblings of Cockayne syndrome were reported. Both of them had characteristic manifestations of Cockayne syndrome. A 4-year-old boy had been noted to have irritability and nystagmus from the 6th day of his life, and his elder sister, 8 years old, had been diagnosed as cerebral palsy at the age of 6 months. The elder sister lacked photosensitivity clinically. The proband was more severely affected than his elder sister on both cerebral CT-scan and electrophysiological studies.
Reduced colony forming ability after ultraviolet exposure is currently considered to be the primary abnormality in Cockayne syndrome. The cells originating from the boy had moderately reduced colony forming ability after ultraviolet irradiation, whereas the cells from his elder sister showed mildly reduced colony forming ability. There may be some relationship between the severity of the symptoms and the colony form ing ability. There is a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations in Cockayne syndrome. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the relationship between the cytological abnormalities of Cockayne syndrome and its neurological manifestations.View full abstractDownload PDF (6194K) -
Blink Reflex in Infancy and ChildhoodJunko Tanaka1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 271-277
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDevelopmental changes in electrically elicited blink reflex (BR) in 118 normal subjects, aged from 32 weeks of conceptional age to 14 years of age. During the waking state, R1 and bilateral R2 responses were always elicited. The latency of R1 shortened rapidly during the neonatal period, reaching the adult value at 3 months of age. The latency of R2 and contralateral R2 (CR2), which were elicited synchronously after 3 years of age, shortened slowly during childhood and reached the adult value at 6years of age. The conduction indexes of R1, R2 and CR2, which were calculated as head circumference/latency (m/sec), increased rapidly during the neonatal period and reached the adult values at 6 years of age. The influence of NREM sleep on BR in neonates was different from those in infants and children. While BR of neonates in NREM sleep showed similar to that seen in wakefulness, BR of infants and children after one month of age was suppressed during NREM sleep. BR pattern in NREM sleep in infants and children after 6 months of age was similar to that seen in adults.View full abstractDownload PDF (759K) -
Megumu Tojo, Kaoru Sakai1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 278-282
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne and a half year- old boy was admitted to our hospital with a history of intractable myoclonic epilepsy. Seizures were fairly controlled on carbamazepine, phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin and clonazepam, but still occurred several times per month. Neurological examination showed mild psychomotor retardation. The CT and MR imaging studies showed both large heterotopic gray matter and supracerebellar arachnoid cyst. No enhancement was noted after the administration of contrast medium. No calcification was present. In the MR image, a large nodule in the right hemisphere showed almost the same signal intensity as the cortical gray matter. The right lateral ventricle was absent except for a portion of the anterior horn. The sulci on the right parietal lobe were almost absent, suggesting the region of agyria.View full abstractDownload PDF (5066K) -
Hiroshi Tada, Shota Miyake, Michiko Yamada, Hiroko Iwamoto, Keiichi Mo ...1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 283-288
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlternating hemiplegia in childhood (Verret, 1971) is a disorder presenting with frequent episodes of alternating hemiplegia from early infancy. We report a patient with this disorder, along with a pathophysiological study and a discussion about the available therapies for this disorder.
The patient, an 11-year-old boy, visited our hospital with episodes of alternating hemiplegia from early infancy. His family history showed that many members suffered from migraine. He was born with asphyxia. Mental and motor developmental delays were seen from early infancy. The hemiplegic episodes with ipsilateral facial palsy had occurred frequently from early infancy. The episodes were frequently induced by emotional stress. The duration of hemiplegia varied from 10 minutes to 3 days. From the age of 11 years, he had begun to have migrainous attacks with or without hemiplegic episodes.
Neurological examination revealed slight muscle hypotonia, choreoathetosis and dystonic movements induced by locomotion, positive Myerson sign, increased deep tendon reflexes and Babinski reflex. CAG, VAG and CAT revealed normal findings. EEG revealed diffuse generalized slowing during hemiplegic episodes. Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) by 133Xe inhalation method revealed a slight decrease of bilateral CBF during a quadriplegic episode. Positron emission tomography using C15O2 revealed a slight decrease of CBF at the insula, putamen and claustrum of the left side during a right sided episode. Increased excretion of urinary 5-HIAA was seen during one episode. From our clinical and laboratory findings, we think this disorder may be a special type of migrane. Therapeutic trials of diazepam and flunarizine were both effective, but the intial effectiveness was decreased after 5 months.View full abstractDownload PDF (2668K) -
Keiji Kameda, Shuji Wakai, Yukitoshi Ishikawa, Minoru Okabe, Masato Na ...1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 289-293
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of epilepsy with myoclonic absences is reported. A boy, 3 years and 8 months old, had the first attack at the age of 1 year and 8 months. He was mentally retarded, but had no evidence of organic brain damages. He had been said to have “absence” at another hospital for 2 years until he was referred to our hospital. The attack was characterized clinically by sudden loss of consciousness accompanied with rhythmical massive myoclonias. The ictal EEGs showed synchronous diffuse 3 c/s spike-wave discharges. There was a strict and constant relation between spike- wave discharges and the myoclonia. The polygraphy recording (EEG and EMG of various muscles) was very helpful for the diagnosis of epilepsy with myoclonic absences. We think that epilepsy with myoclonic absences should be considered in any case of “absence” with concomitant 3 c/s spike-wave discharges which is resistant to appropriate treatment, or is accompanied with mental retardation.View full abstractDownload PDF (2069K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 294-296
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], Seung U Kim1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 296-298
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese]1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 299
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (112K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1989 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 300-302
Published: May 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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