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Volume 7, Issue 5
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Masuko FUNAHASHI1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 338-347
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCorrelation of the epileptic electroencephalo-graphic paroxysms with neuropathology of twenty severely handicapped patients was investigated.
1) Regional paroxysmal activities such as focal spikes or sharp waves predominantly represent lesions in the cerebral hemispheres.
2) Focal paroxysmal activities are generated by ulegyric or atrophic lesions in the cerebral hemispheres, but not by cystic lesions. This fact implies preserved nerve cells, more or less, are indispensable to generate paroxysmal activities.
3) Among paroxysmal activities sporadic focal spikes tend to be located at the severe lesions like ulegyria of the cerebral hemispheres, rhythmic spike and wave complexes at the slight lesions or intact hemispheres, and sporadic spike and wavecomplexes at the moderate lesions respectively.
4) Cases of infantile spasms with hypsarhyth-mia have lesions in such common areas of the brain as putamen, globus pallidus, specific thalamic nuclei and tegmentum of the brain stem. It was emphasized that the lesion of the pontine tegmentum is important to the manifestation of hypsarhythmia.View full abstractDownload PDF (4973K) -
Muneyuki TANABU1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 348-353
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Relationship between serum concentration and the clinical effect was investigated on the epileptic children of grand mal type without mental retardation who had the convulsive seizures within one year prior to starting the present study.
In 13 cases, the seizure were well controlled after the initiation of diphenyl hydantoin administration and/or an increase in the dose of the drug, and in all these cases serum levels of diphenylhydantoin were above 9.0, μg/ml.
In 19 cases which showed no clinical improvement, serum diphenylhydantoin levels below 8.6μg/ml were found in 15 cases, and the remaining 4 cases showed the drug concentration above 14.2μg/ml and were treated with other anticonvulsants with successful results.
2. Out of 177 cases of epilepsy with diphenylhydantoin administration, toxic signs due to the drug administration were found in 14 cases, in all of which serum diphenylhydantoin levels were found above 22.0μg/ml.View full abstractDownload PDF (597K) -
Interference in The Effect of Dexamethasone and MetopironeKunio FUJII, Masaki HAYASHI, Ryosuke MURATA1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 354-360
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProlonged diphenylhydantoin (DPH) therapy is known to cause a variety of metabolic and endo-crinologic abnormalities. In an attempt to evaluate the effect of DPH on the adrenal cortical function, measurements were made of plasma levels of 11-OHCS and ACTH. In children taking DPH, base-line values remained almost normal, but these patients showed a lack of suppression of plasm 11-OHCS in response to dexamethasone and metopirone test. Serum concentrations of γ-GTP and, β-glucuronidase were raised in them.
It seems likely from these studies that increas-ed metabolism of dexamethasone and metopirone due to induction of hepatic enzymes by DPH appears to have caused abnormal responses to them, as the result of subnormal inhibition of ACTH release and 11 β-hydroxylation, but there may also be delayed absorption of these drugs from the gastrointestinal tract, which is a problem open to further study.
Caution is necessary, in prescribing some drugs in combination with DPH which might cause a considerably shortened plasma half-life of many drugs, and in the evaluation of results of endocrine function tests during DPH therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (697K) -
derations on Early DiagnosisKiyoshi YOKOTA, Tooru KUROKAWA, Akihisa MITSUDOME, Rumiko SHIBATA, Sac ...1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 361-368
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive cases with tuberous sclerosis in infancy were reported. Four cases with infantile spasms and mild psychomotor retardation showed multiple hypopigmented cutaneous macules and three of them had retinal phacomas, too. Pneumoence-phalography revealed subependymal nodules in lateral ventricles in all of the four cases. The remaining one case suffered from generalized seizures as well as focal convulsions since neonatal period and was markedly retarded. The case showed double hemiplegia with severer involvement on right side and questionable papilledema on left side, and hypopigmented macules were visualized with Wood's lamp. Pneumoencephalo-graphy revealed deformity of left lateral ventricle and cerebral angiogram showed space-occupying lesion in left cerebral hemisphere. It was diagnosed as tuberous sclerosis with biopsy specimen of the cerebral lesion.
In retrospective study in other 11 cases with tuberous sclerosis in older age group, we found hypopigmented macules in 9 cases which were already present at birth or appeared in early infancy.
It is important for early diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis to find multiple hypopigmented macules and the fundoscopic abnormalities such as retinal phacomas. Pneumoencephalography is also useful diagnostic procedure because of detection of subependymal nodules in ventricles.View full abstractDownload PDF (5694K) -
Kazuko KAGAWA1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 369-384
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an attempt todefine the mode of inheritance and the trait inherited, the genetic data were analyzed on 307 febrile convulsive children, who were divided into two groups, i.e., simple type (131 patients) and complicated type (176 patients). There was a tendency offamiliar aggregation and the contribution of genotype was suggested.
The mode of inheritance was considered as the multifactorial inheritance from the following results.
1. The rate of the incidence of febrile convulsions in sibs (19.86%) to that in the general population (2.9%) was approximately equal to the expected ratio from the multifactorial inheritance system.
2. The incidence in sibs showed the increasing tendency as those in parents and near relatives increased. The incidence in the second child increased with that in parents when thefirst child was affected in the family with two children.
3. The incidence in sibs increased with the in-creasing frequency of convulsion in proband.
4. According to Falconer's procedure, the heri-tability of liability was estimated as 76%, sugge-sting that the genotype was highly associated with the liability.
The above results were distinctly observed in the simple type, but less clear in the complicated type.View full abstractDownload PDF (1805K) -
Hiroo OHARA, Akira TAKAKU, Jiro SUZUKI1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 385-391
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of intracranial teratoma in the newborn was reported. This 30days-old male infant was hospitalized because of macrocephalus (head circumference 43.6 cm). The tumor was visualized at the posterior region of the third ventricle by the less invasive auxiliary diagnostic method, such as plain skull X-P, brain scanning etc.
At 39 days of age the tumor was removed, which was elastic and partially hard, and weighed 150 g. Histological diagnosis was benign teratoma. Various complications including respiratory difficulties and polyuria appeared postoperatively. The patient died 2 years after the operation. Autopsy revealed the residual tumor at the midbrain and the pons.
Intracranial tumors verified histologically within the first two months of life are very rare. Ninety-nine cases have been reported in the literature. Only three out of twelve surgically trea-ted cases survived more than two years after operation. Problems of pre- and postoperative treatment for the intracranial tumorin the new-born were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2485K) -
Rumiko SHIBATA, Kiyoshi YOKOTA, Sachio TAKASHIMA, Akihisa MITSUDOME, T ...1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 392-399
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case with mucolipidosis was reported. The patient was a child of the parents of consanguineous marriage.
She was hospitalized with the chief complaint of impaired visual acuity at 10 years and 8 months of age.
Clinical pictures consisted of abnormal gargoylelike face, moderate degree of mental retardation, cherry red spots and mild dysostotic deformities. There was no increased excretion of mucopolysaccharides in urine.
Lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow showed vacuolized cytoplasm. Lipid was deposited in the cytoplasm of the ganglion cells in the biopsy specimens from the appendix; ultrastructurally, pleomorphic lamellated bodies and lysosomelike bodies were observed in the same area.
There were no inclusions in the cultured skin fibroblasts.Activities of β-galactosidase and hexosaminidase were normal in serum.
After the intravenous infusion of normal plasma containing leucocyte to the patient, the excretion of the total mucopolysaccharides and their degradation products increased in her urine although there were no changes in clinical manifestations.View full abstractDownload PDF (4481K) -
A commemorative Lecture at the 2nd Annual Meeting of the Association of Parents with Epileptic ChildYukio FUKUYAMA1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 401-407
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCelebrating the 2nd Annual Meeting of the Association of Parents with Epileptic Children, the author wishes to express his deep respect and admiration for the success accomplished by the Association and the enthusiasm the members showed for the past two years.
Mainly from the standpoint of a child neurologist, the author reviewed several noticeable strides of recent years which were directed toward better medical care and understanding of childhood epilepsies, dividing into three aspects (1) the growth and development of epilepsy-oriented medical perosonnels and organisations all over Japan, (2) several substantial advances in medical knowledge, especially in therapeutic measures of epilepsies, and (3) the social security and welfare for epileptic child.
Topics selected in the section (2) were as follows.
(A) On the practical implication of the obser-vation that the serum concentration of antico-nvulsants is often low in out-patient than that in in-patient.
(B) Diphenylhydantoin may be administered only once daily without significant diurnal fluc-tuation of serum concentration. However, we must be more cautious when young infants are concerned because the metabolic rate is far faster in infants in comparison to that in the elder.
(C) Development of new promising anticonvulsants ; a) sodium dipropylacetate (Depakene), b) clonazepam, and c) taurine, though still experimental.
(D) Development of new style of diet therapy ; mid-chain triglyceride regimen.
(E) exploration of seizure control by cerebellar cortical stimulation.View full abstractDownload PDF (913K) -
[in Japanese]1975 Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 408-409
Published: September 01, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (156K)
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