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Volume 37 (1985)
- Issue 5-6 Pages 383-
- Issue 4 Pages 243-
- Issue 2-3 Pages 71-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 37, Issue 2-3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Hiratoshi SAKAMOTO1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 71-82
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe already reported that an increase in resting uterine tonus during late pregnancy brings about an increase in maternal blood pressure and a decrease in renal blood flow. So, I tried an experimental study to determine what kind of mechanism controls these hemodynamics.
103 rabbits and 5 dogs in the late stage of pregnancy were used. In order to increase in resting uterine tonus, small balloons (OBATA metro) were inserted into the cervical and ovarian sides of the uterine cavity, and warm physiological saline solution was poured into these. Renal cortical blood flow and renal arterial blood flow were measured by an electro-magnetic flow meter and by thermo-couple method. In about 80% of the animals the maternal blood pressure rose as a result of increasing resting uterine tonus, both on the ovarian and cervical sides. Further, it was noted on the ovarian side that in 75% of the cases where there was a rise in the maternal blood pressure, the renal cortical blood flow and renal arterial blood flow showed a decrease.
However, on the other hand, in half of the cases on the cervical side renal cortical blood flow and renal arterial blood flow increased. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that the increase of resistance of local vessels (feto-placental) was the cause.
After local penetration anesthesia and amputation of suspensory ligaments (which spread from the ovary to the kidney), the maternal blood pressure showed an increase but the renal blood flow did not show a decrease on the ovarian side.
It is strongly suggested that the afferent neural factor was an important factor on the ovarian side.View full abstractDownload PDF (1219K) -
Shigeki MATSUO1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 83-99
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDeformability of maternal and neonatal erythrocyte was measured by means of a microfiltration technique with the use of polycarbonate sieves of 3 and 5 μm in diameter.
During course of pregnancy, deformability of maternal erythrocyte showed a gradual but significant decrease toward term, while neonatal erythrocyte showed gradual increase as pregnancy progresses. Such pregnant women as complicated with DM or toxemia showed a significantly decreased deformability reflecting severity of the disease.
Maternal vascular resistance (R) measured by a plethysmography showed also a same tendency as was seen during course of pregnancy.
A ratio of erythrocyte deformability (F) to R revealed a good correlation to birth weight, which suggests that F/R ratio manifests an index for placental blood flow, i. e., microcirculation.
On the other hand, neonatal vascular resistance proved to be markedly low and elasticity of the vessel was very high. The result indicates that it is a reason for maintaining fetal microcirculation fairly well inspite of presence of less deformable cells in the blood due to immaturity of the spleen function.
Isoxsuprine, 7% sodium bicarbonate and 50% glucose administrated via mother brought to neonatal erythrocyte deformability and consequently the tissue blood flow significant increase.
On the basis of the results, it is concluded that regulation of fetal acid-base balance or glucose level before delivery is very important to maintain fetal or neonatal microcirculation well.View full abstractDownload PDF (1761K) -
Yohsuke OHNO, Hideko FUJIBAYASHI, Masamichi TUJI, Megumi TOMIOKA, Taka ...1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 101-106
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe biophysical profile scoring consists of five fetal biophysical variables: the nonstress test, fetal breathing movement, fetal movement, fetal tone and amniotic fluid volume. New protocol, including two variables, gestational weeks and estimated fetal body weight was assessed in 25 high-risk pregnancies. All delivered within one week of the last observation. The relationship between individual variables and the outcome of pregnancy as judged by one-minute or five-minute Apgar score, was estimated by the theory of quantification. The coefficients of partial correlation to the Apgar score were in the following order: fetal tone>gestational weeks>amniotic fluid. The multiple correlation with the newprotocol showed a higher coefl'iciency than the previous biophysical profile. These data suggested that new biophysical profile for antepartum fetal evaluation is an accurate predictor of poor perinatal outcome.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
Jinsuke YASUDA, Masahiro FUJII, Junko YAMAKI, Hideo HONJO, Teruhiko TA ...1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 107-110
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDanazol has been used for the treatment for endometriosis. It was believed to suppress pituitary gonadotrophines without estrogenic and progestational activities. But several reports have pointed out its progestational activity. It is unclear that whether the progestational activity is derived from danazol in itself or its metabolites.
Ethisterone is one of the metabolites of danazol and a synthetic progestational steroid. The pharmacokinetics of ethisterone in human received danazol is interesting in relation to progestational activity of danazol. The assay of ethisterone was performed by gaschromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Ethisterone was identified in serum of subjects receiving danazol. But the concentration of ethisterone was rather low (<300pg/ml) for its progestational activity. Progestational activity of danazol was not clarified only by ethisterone. Further studies of other metabolits of danazol were needed.View full abstractDownload PDF (371K) -
Masami KAWABATA, Naohiko UMESAKI, Takuji ASADA, Yukinobu OSHIKA, Hisao ...1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 111-116
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, the prognosis of patients with SLE has remarkably improved and the number of patients with inactive SLE who become pregnant has increased. We experienced pregnancies with inactive SLE during a seven year period, and we analyzed them statistically regarding the outcome of mother and fetus in comparison with the active SLE pregnancies and normal pregnancies. In all 9 cases, the SLE had already been diagnosed and was clinically stable at the time of conception. Eight of 9 inactive SLE pregnant women, were being administrated various doses of prednisolone for the management of the SLE. In all nine cases the SLE was not aggrevated and severe renal exacerbation wasn't found throughout the pregnancy, but in 2 cases fever and arthritis occurred after parturition. The complement level and levels of complement component C3 and C4 were not remarkably different from in normal pregnancy. Spontaneous abortion and perinatal death didn't occur, but IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Retardation), fetal distress and toxemia (proteinuria) were found in high frequency compared with the normal pregnancies. Especially IUGR was characteristically present in inactive SLE pregnancy and it was probably related to the low placental weight and level of complements C 3 and C 4 but not to the prednisolone dose.
In conclusion, the immunological disorder of SLE probably influences the fetus and placenta as much as Lupus nephritis. Thus, the management of pregnant women with SLE, even if in an inactive state, is considered to be important to the outcome for the mother and the fetus.View full abstractDownload PDF (696K) -
Masami KAWABATA, Hisao SAKO, Kazume OKADA, Takuji ASADA, Atsuo HIDAKA, ...1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 117-122
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe prenatal placental morphology was ultrasonographically evaluated in 256 singleton pregnancies ranging from 25 to 42 weeks of gestation to predict the outcome of the pregnancy. The placental grade was diagnosed using the criteria of placental grade reported by Grunnum (1979). Grade 3 was the most advanced stage. As the pregnancy proceeded, the placental grade was found to change gradually from grade 0 to 3. But not all the placentas became Grade 3 prior to derivery, and the ratio of grade 2 and 3 was 60: 40 (%) at the time of delivery after 37 to 40 weeks of gestation.
Study was made for correlations between the placental grade and the placental functions such as urinary estriol (E3) and serum hPL. The levels of both E3 and hPL were significantly lower in grade 3 than in grade 2.
This finding shows that the grade 3 placenta was dysfunctional and in an overmature state. Furthermore, before the 36th week of gestation, the incidens of obstetric complications such as IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Retardation), premature delivery and a low APGAR score were higher in grade 3 than in grade 2. Since the placenta is the most important organ for fetal growth, it seems to be necessary to evaluate the placental function antenatally. This report shows that the ultrasonographical placental grade correlates well with the placental function. In conclusion, the placental grade was helpful in predicting the outcome of pregnancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (2543K) -
Takefumi BESSHO, Toshiyuki SUZUKI, Shozo TAIRA, Shinzo ISOJIMA, Kunio ...1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 123-127
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of congenital hydrocephalus which was detected prenatally by ultrasonography in the second trimester was reported.
A 35-year-old parous woman, G1P1, was first examined by ultrasonography for the determination of gestational age because of the irregularity of her menstruation. The first ultrasonographic examination at 12 weeks of gestation and the second one at 18 weeks were normal. However, the third examination at 23 weeks revealed that the biparietal diameter was rather small for gestational age and the lateral ventricles of the brain were markedly enlarged, and the Lateral Ventricles to Hemispherical Width ratio (LV/HW ratio) was 810. The pregnancy was terminated at 27 weeks of gestation because of the premature rupture of membranes and the infection of amniotic fluid. The female fetus, who weighed 1, 060 g and died in ten minutes, showed no external anonaly, but congenital hydrocephalus was confirmed by CT scan and ultrasonography postnatally. Autopsy revealed the aqueductal stenosis, which was thought to be the cause of her congenital hydrocephalus.
With the use of real-time sonographic equipment, the fetal calvaria and brain should be carefully examined for the structural defects. The ultrasonographic screening in the second trimester is encouraged for the early diagnosis of fetal hydrocephalus by measuring LV/HW ratio.View full abstractDownload PDF (3648K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 207-212
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (777K) -
1985 Volume 37 Issue 2-3 Pages 213-239
Published: July 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4847K)
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