In recent years, infectious disease countermeasures have been attracted increasing attention, and the significance of ventilation of particles, such as droplets and dust, has been reconfirmed. However, in a general indoor environment, it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the scattering of particles because of various factors that affect the scattering of particles. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the air-conditioning system for office spaces, and verified the behavior of particles due to the difference in air-conditioning system via CFD and experiments. As a result, the difference in the tendency of the behavior of the particles for each air conditioning method was observed in both simulation and experimental results. In addition, when tested with simulated droplets, the fine particles that once adhered to the floor did not re-scatter due to the movement of people.

This study focuses on the industrial laundry. In summer, workplace environments tend to be poor because of high temperatures and increased activity. In this paper, we report the results of WBGT and skin temperature measurements conducted at two factories with different Primarily during summer. Specifically, WBGT at Factory A without air conditioning locations and facilities, exceeded 30 degrees throughout operating hours in August. In contrast, the WGBT of Factory B, which had air conditioning equipment, did not exceed 30 degrees. Skin temperature data tended to differ between the two factories.

Experimental equipment are frequently operated in university science and medical facilities. However, some equipment are powered throughout the day, which significantly increases the building base electric power of science and medical science faculties. Consequently, it increases the overall electricity consumption of the campus. In this study, we focus on engineering buildings with large floor areas, high power consumption, and high building base electric power. In one building, we created a list of experimental equipment from the on-site surveys of power-intensive rooms. Moreover, we also performed a matching analysis of the information in the list and the BEMS electric power data. From the analysis, we understanded nearly half of the breakdown of the experimental equipment electric power in the laboratory, in the building base electric power consumption. Subsequently, we identified experimental equipment that consumes a lot of electric power. Consequently, as energy saving measures, we examined the aggregation of large-scale experimental equipment and the energy saving behavior of researchers based on energy saving awareness.

This study aims to incorporate crucial factors that had not been considered in the economic design of piping networks, to quantitatively clarify the effects of these factors, and to construct a calculation program that incorporates these factors. The previous report¹⁾ presented the results of analysis on the economic optimization of pipe diameter per unit of construction line length of straight sections in direct burial two-pipe insulated hot water pipes using theories for calculation methods and actual construction costs. This paper describes the underlying theory of the calculation approach for the pipe diameter for a district heating network along with the results of analysis for a direct burial two-pipe insulated hot water pipe network. The results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed calculation program.

Large ventilation air volume reduces tobacco odor in smoking rooms; however, it also increases the air-conditioning load. To achieve both air quality and energy saving, we developed a smoking room system with the following features: (1) reduce ventilation volume using deodrizing devices, (2) replacement ventilation system that quickly discharges the tobacco smoke from the upper part of the room, (3) optimal control of ventilation and deodorizing air volume based on the number of smokers and outside air conditions. We introduced the system to a smoking room in an office building and evaluated it by air quality measurement and followed by a questionnaire. In summary, the deodorizing device could remove 95 % of odor. It was also confirmed that the system can improve the air quality using the results from the air quality measurement and questionnaire.

In this paper, cheap nighttime power and maintenance-free hollow concrete blocks were examined to reduce the running cost of the 24-hour central air conditioning system. Accordingly, the effectiveness of using the blocks as heat storage material was analyzed. Numerous studies have been reported on heat storage and heat radiation using mat foundation or foundation concrete of detached houses. However, in these studies, heat collecting air is blown onto the surface of the concrete to store and dissipate heat; therefore, the heat transfer coefficient must be increase to further increase the heat storage and radiation effects. However, it is significantly difficult to achieve. In part1, approximately 360 blocks were installed under the mat foundation of detached houses and long-term actual measurement was performed to investigate the heat storage and heat radiation performance of the blocks during heating. The heat storage and radiation performance are shown below. 1) The effectiveness of using blocks as a heat storage material was confirmed. The daily heat storage amount is approximately 141 MJ, and the heat storage rate is approximately 60%. 2) The daily heat radiation amount was almost 18 MJ, and the heat radiation rate was approximately 13.6%. 3) Heating by only heat radiation of blocks was 6 hours 50 minutes to 17 hours 20 minutes a day. 4) The average power consumption of heating was approximately 0.47 kW.