An evaluation was made to a system which stores low temperature natural energy of winter into the underground of building, and uses the energy for air-conditioning in summer. This is an innovative seasonal thermal storage system which is cost effective by avoiding additional piping work for the heat exchange by embedding pipes in structural pile foundations. Also, by simulating continuously from design phase to operation phase, verification and optimization of the system is conducted. In this study, main purpose of developing the system, beforehand forecast of the system performance by simulating, design plan of ground thermal storage HVAC system and evaluation of initial performance are reported.

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A questionnaire about consciousness of life and energy consumption was carried out twice and the replies were obtained by 1,030 and 127 single households respectively. Subsamples were extracted from the respondents on the condition that they were between the age of 25 and 39, lived in Kanto, Tokai, and Kinki area, worked as public or company employees. For these subsamples, the association between personality attributes, energy consciousness, energy-saving actions, and energy consumption were studied. The result showed the followings: The energy-saving consciousness of subsamples as a whole was affected by sense of priority to environment. The energy-saving consciousness of subsample males was affected by frugality and neighbors' perception. The energy-saving consciousness increase energy-saving activities and decrease electric consumption in winter.

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The aims of this study are to grasp the interzonal airflows by the adoption of "Superposition" as measuring multiple interzonal airflows using single tracer gas like carbon dioxide technique, and to analyze the validity and practicality of this technique. As a result, we proposed the measuring multiple interzonal airflows using single tracer gas technique in a short time by the reproduction of constancy system and the device of modeling etc., and showed the validity of superposition from the calculation results by single and multiple tracer gas techniques. Furthermore, the prerequisite to suitable airflow rates was set, and we verified the validity of interzonal airflows from the calculation results by deterministic and probability methods, and showed the possible application to a general home. Therefore, it became possible to quantify the interzonal airflows using single tracer gas technique and estimated these time-dependent changes.

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Nicotine in Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) is usually measured in the following. Nicotine is adsorbed on an XAD-4 sampler and then it is extracted with ethyl acetate. The solution is measured by a GC/MS. On the other hand, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are usually measured by adsorbing them on an carbosieve sampler and then extracted with carbon disulfide. Accordingly, two procedures are required to measure nicotine and VOCs. To simplify the method, we tried to measure nicotine and VOCs with a single procedure. It was found that the VOCs, in addition to nicotine and 3-ethenyl pyridine, were satisfactorily measured with XAD-4 sampler by extracting them with ethyl acetate.

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The objective of this study is to clarify the extent to which the environmental impact over the life cycle (from material manufacturing, construction, operation, maintenance, reform to demolition) of the cleanroom system proposed in a previous report is reduced. This is done by ascertaining quantitatively the influence of differences in the cleanroom system, cleanliness and thermal load. In particular, the energy required for air circulation in the operation phase, which was considerable in the conventional system, is examined in detail. Compared with a conventional system, it was shown that the CO_2 emissions of the task & ambient air-cleaning system proposed in the previous report can be reduced by 44.6% in the construction phase, by 35.7% for maintenance and reform conducted during the operation phase, by 18.1% in terms of energy consumed during the operation phase, by 17.4% in the demolition phase. Moreover, it was shown that the CO_2 emissions over the entire life cycle (45 years) can be reduced by 20.8% compared with a conventional system. It was shown that CO_2 emissions are reduced by about 50% due to changes in the air-cleaning system from past to present models. Moreover, in near future, if conventional systems will be replaced the proposed system, it was shown that carbon dioxide emission could be reduced by 24%.

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Air-conditioning systems with breeze-line type outlets are frequently adopted for perimeter zones in office buildings. However, it is pointed out that several examinations are required for the establishment of design criteria on outlet distance from window. The purpose of this study is to establish design criteria on breeze-line type air outlets adopted for air-conditioning systems for the perimeter zone in office buildings. The previous reports described experimental facilities and the results of examinations on the length, number, outlet direction of a new air-conditioning system with breeze-line type air outlets. In this report, the experiments on distance between window and outlet of the breeze line for the summer season air-conditioning, and on the indoor thermal environment were performed.

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By applying Total Utility Demand Prediction System (TUD-PS), authors built, to consider variation of inhabitants' behavior schedules, a basic investigation concerned on seasonal and maximum cooling/heating load assuming a single dwelling in a residential building is reported. Several discussion points of how influential if considering probabilistic schedule that comes from variation of inhabitants' behavior are concerned, and numerical results are shown.

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