Transactions of the Society of Heating,Air-conditioning and Sanitary Engineers of Japan
Online ISSN : 2424-0486
Print ISSN : 0385-275X
ISSN-L : 0385-275X
Volume 27, Issue 84
Displaying 1-25 of 25 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages Cover1-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages Cover2-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages App1-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Index
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages Toc1-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages App2-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages App3-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Koichi KITAO, Hidekazu TSURUTA, Takao FUJIWARA, Katsuhiko NISHINO
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 1-14
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    Thermoplastics pipes are gaining importance in pipe applications such as for hot water supply systems. This paper presents the pressure test results of polybutene hot-water pipe, diffusion analysis, and the new accelerated method to evaluate the effect of the environmental conditions. The pressure tests have been performed using water as the internal media and air as the external medium at temperature in a range of 80 to 120℃ over 60000 hours. The transition from the failure by crazing (Stage II) to the failure by oxidation (Stage III) was evaluated and the design stress was discussed using Stage III failure time. The migration of the antioxidant from pipe to the surrounding media was analyzed using the antioxidant -profile data. It was found that the environmental effects on Stage III failure could be discussed through Biot number. Finally, it was shown that the accelerated method using the thin film was fruitful.
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  • Masato Yamazaki, Yoshiyuki Shimoda, Tunenori Egusa, Minoru Mizuno
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 15-23
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    The ratio of small buildings, 3,000 square meters or less, is large in Japan. An energy simulation model, of an office building with the multi type air-conditioner that is the major air-conditioning system in small-scale buildings, was developed. Applying this model to a small-scale building on which the building design has much effect, we have studied the influence of load saving from building design on energy consumption. The results clarified that load saving makes load factor, air-conditioning system performance and the ratio of energy conservation change, and that they are influenced by the relation between the ratio of maximum cooling load to maximum heating load and the ratio of cooling capacity to heating capacity.
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  • Hiroyuki Toda, Kaori Sako, Yuki Yagome, Toshihiro Nakamura
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 25-30
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    A method using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with preconcentration by adsorption with activated carbon sampling tube has been developed for the simultaneous determination of phthalate esters and low molecular weight siloxanes in the clean room air. Calibrating materials are dibutyl-phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) for analysis of phthalate esters, and dimer, cyclic oligomers from trimer to hexamer for siloxane analysis. Calibration ranges for phthalate esters and siloxanes are 0-2000ng/m^3 and 0-10000ng/m^3 respectively. Determinants are concentrated by sampling tube with suction of sample air 0.7L/min of flow rate for 24h, and extracted with carbon disulfide containing 1vol% of methanol. One μL of extract was injected into a GC-MS for analysis. The determination limits of determinants were 0.2μg/m^3 for 2 phthalate esters and 0.03μg/m^3 for 5 siloxanes, respectively. The analytical results for the air in six newly built clean room were less than the determination limits for phthalate esters. For siloxanes, 0.2μg/m^3 was obtained when silicone sealant of low siloxane type was used, and 3.1μg/m^3 for normal type silicon sealant.
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  • Shigehiro HAYASHI, Harunori YOSHIDA, Masami SUZUKI, Katsuyuki OKADA, H ...
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 31-41
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    The main object of HVAC system is to control room air temperature accurately. Because the signal transmitted from a room air temperature sensor governs the behavior of the overall HVAC system, it is important to obtain the precise dynamic behavior of indoor air temperature sensors. In our report time constant, which is fundamentaly used to express the dinamic response of the sensors, is considered as the value expressing the dynamic behavior. However, time constants of common indoor air temperature sensors used for HVAC control systems are unclear and not much research works were done. Therefore, in this report, time constants were cleared from the experimental reserach at a laboratory, and in an actual room. As a result, the time constants were recommend for the automatic control design. The non-liner heat transfer models were used to identify time constants which were discussed by comparing to ones obtained by experiment.
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  • Shintaro YOKOYAMA, Naoto KAKUTA, Takako TOGASHI, Mitsuyoshi Nakamura, ...
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 43-52
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    We have been developing a prediction computer program of whole body temperatures expressing local characteristics of each segment in order to apply to making a precise evaluation and control of indoor thermal environment. We carried out the subjective experiments measuring total metabolic rate, core, and sink temperatures anf thermal environmental parameters under six kinds of thermal environmental condition. This paper describes the validity of our prediction computer program in comparison with experimental results.
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  • Taeyeon Kim, Shinsuke Kato, Shuzo Murakami
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 53-60
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    An optimal design method of indoor thermal environment based on coupled simulation of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is presented. The method includes the feedback system which modifies the design parameters (e.g. shape of room, HVAC system, location of supply inlet, etc) according to the evaluation of the thermal environment, and finally the evaluated value becomes the design target. The study would be the fundamental research for the optimal design method using CFD coupled simulation. A prototype of the optimal design method is developed. The logics for the optimization are also presented. To examine the performance of the new method, the search for the optimal design for an office is conducted. Thermal sensations of human models in the room are used for the first priority evaluation element of the indoor thermal environment. In the course of searching the optimal design process, parameters are modified to attain the target value of the first priority evaluation element. For the second priority evaluation elements are HVAC energy and effective draft temperature. These lower priority evaluation elements are used only for checking the level of optimization, and not for the feedback system. The design parameters for the optimization are the locations of and the shapes of the supply inlets, the air volume of the supply inlets, and the temperature of the supply inlets. These parameters are ordered as the first, the second and the third priority. Using the optimal design method, the optimal values of the design parameters and the resultant thermal environment are analyzed.
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  • Takashi Kurihara, Yoshihisa Takebayashi, Tatsuo Oka
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 61-70
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    Field test of residential tele-care system was conducted focusing on housing environment for elderly people and their safety in winter season. Housing environment such as temperature and humidity of housing for elderly people at T city, Iwate prefecture where it is cold climate were measured in winter. This result was compared with the data measured at S Ward, Tokyo for analysis. As the results, it was confirmed that usage of the residential tele-care system with multimedia is one of the effective measures for the safety of elderly people.
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  • Toshio Nakata, Tsutomu Hosokawa, Mitsuyoshi Shimaoka, Katsuhiko Hojo
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 71-76
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    The development of an effective heat exchanger in the dropwise condensation is hoped for the saving of resource. However, the heat transfer characteristic is influenced by a lot of factors, and the relation has not been clarified yet. In this research, the heat transfer characteristic under the vibration of the pulse jet steam has been experimentally investigated from the cooperative effect of the cleaning and covering actions with the falling drops by the vibration of the pulse jet steam. As a result, the pulse jet grew the heat transfer coefficient than a continuous jet and the increase rate has often grown within the ranges of the number of low frequencies of pulse jets. Moreover, an empirical formula concerning the amount of the vapour flow and the heat transfer coefficient in each jet condition was obtained.
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  • Yasuhiro HAMADA, Makoto NAKAMURA, Kiyoshi OCHIFUJI, Noriko HAJI, Makot ...
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 77-86
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    This paper constitutes Part 4 in the series of studies on hybrid utilization of renewable energy for a low energy house in which a ground source heat pump system is applied for heating and cooling as a main strategy. Firstly, energy, CO_2 and economical payback periods of natural energy utilization systems adopted for an experimental house were calculated. It was shown that their periods on energy and CO_2 emissions were both within 8 years. Secondly, it was clarified that the life cycle energy and the life cycle CO_2 reduction rate to a conventional house in Hokkaido reached over 50% by using operating results at the experimental house. As a result of numerical analyses on thermal insulation performance and equipment composition of a low energy house, the maximum values of the life cycle CO_2 reduction rate in Sapporo and Tokyo were 69% and 63%, respectively.
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  • Hiroshi Tomonari, Yaohui Wang, Motoyasu Kamata, Kyosuke Sakaue
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 87-96
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    In addition to the basic knowledge on traps of which bottom forms a right angle reported formerly, this study intoroduces the evaluation method for natural frequency of seal in traps of which bottom forms a round shape, or its cross sectional shape of legs is not fixed. Subsequently the evaluation method for natural frequency of seal in traps generally used is fundamentally considerd.
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  • Minoru INANUMA, Hitoshi TAKEDA
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 97-106
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    The authors of Kajima Corporation began a long-term observational study in January 1993 as part of IDMP (Internation -al Daylight Measurement Programme) of CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage). The present comprehensive study provides information for interior design by determining correlations among external meteorological factors such as solar radiation, illuminance, luminance, night radiation, temperature, humidity, and velocity of wind. This paper (Part 1) reports luminous efficacy of daylight obtained by using minute-by-minute data of solar radiation and illuminance for the period of five years and through discussion by solar altitude and by season.
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  • Hitoshi Takeda, Yuji Tubota, Shinkichi Takashima
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 107-114
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    The authors have manufactured new experimental equipment of a multi-tank-combined thermal storage water tank. The equipment is a larger and stricter version of the previous one. The latest production is intended to work out basic materials necessary to design an efficient thermal storage water tank and to confirm the performance of a thermal storage tank due to be designed and put into operation in the future by running the new experimental equipment on a trial basis. The first report covers the outline of the experimental equipment and results of the controllability test of the equipment and test aimed to discover factors affecting the performance of a multi-tank-combined thermal storage water tank. The outcome of the tests conducted under various conditions shows that the efficiency of the thermal storage tank was high when it was deeper (1000 millmeters), smaller in Frude Number (Fr=2), smaller in diameter (100 millimeters), and split into many (six) sections.
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  • Yoshihiro SHIMAOKA, Toru AOKI, Takao TSUSHIMA
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 115-122
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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    In uniform inlet duct systems, the flow distribution at inlets would become more uniform when the area ratio M_L (the total sectional areas of the branch ducts/the sectional area of the main duct) gets smaller. Based on this idea, precise flow analysis including combining pressure losses at each joint was done to consider relations between the area ratios M_L and flow distributions. Result of flow analysis clarified the following points: 1. The Influence of both the main duct combining loss on flow distributions and the branch duct combining loss on flow distributions are very large. 2. M_L is between 0.5 and 0.6 when the deviation of the flow distribution at the uniform inlet δV is smaller than 5% and the required total pressure coefficient K_P is smaller than 8. 3. K_P is decided by M_L uniquely. Based on those results, new design method using the area ratio M_L is proposed in this study. And to confirm the calculation results, the uniform inlet duct system is built, and experiments are done. It is clarified that the result of calculation almost agrees with the experimental result. It can be said that the proposed new design method based on M_L has been proved experimentally.
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages 123-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages App4-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages App5-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages App6-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages App7-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    2002 Volume 27 Issue 84 Pages Cover3-
    Published: January 25, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2017
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