Because heat loss from windows constitutes most of the heat lost from a building, improving thermal insulation performance of windows is necessary to save energy. This study describes experimental verification of the dynamic insulation technology applied to the windows of a detached house. A dynamic insulation window comprises two panes of glass divided by an insulation blind. In winter, air from outside is brought inside by mechanical exhaust ventilation through an air inlet on the window frame, and the heat loss from inside is recovered using the air inside the double window. To demonstrate the performance of dynamic insulation windows in the warm region, the technology was applied to the windows of a detached house in Shibukawa City, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. A field survey was conducted throughout the year; however this paper mostly describes results obtained for the winter season. The indoor temperature and humidity, surface temperature of window glazing, and heat flow and pressure difference inside and outside the house were measured. The U_dyn value, which is the dynamic heat transmission coefficient of the dynamic insulation windows calculated from the measurement results differed because the blind was opened and closed. The U_dyn value when the blind was closed was lower than that when the blind was open.

The aim of this study is to clarify methods for calculating pipe diameter to enable the economic optimization of a district heating and cooling network. This report describes theories for calculation methods and the composition of construction costs for the district heating and cooling network that form the basis of these. Moreover, the relationship between civil engineering/pipe material/and pipe connection costs and pipe diameter is clarified. In addition, the results of analysis on the relationship between the economically optimal pipe diameter per unit of construction line length and the design conditions for direct burial insulated hot water pipes are discussed. The results show that the economically optimal pipe diameter is affected by conditions such as heat load, subsidy rate, and pipe installation location.

This paper proposes a characteristic modeling and period energy performance prediction method of a desiccant air handling system with a polymer sorbent, which can be regenerated at a low temperature. The system uses the heat from the mixed air of the return air from the office space and the return air in the top of an atrium for the regeneration of the sorbent without using a regeneration heat source device. We determine dehumidification characteristics per unit air volume and develop a cold hot water coil processing load model for an air handling system with a total heat according to the regenerated air temperature and the return air volume ratio. Based on this result, we propose a simple estimation method for the period energy consumption of the system. In addition, the accuracy of the characteristic model and energy estimation method was confirmed on the basis of measurement of the actual property. Furthermore, the actual performance evaluation of the system is performed.

We developed an open-type adsorbent thermal storage system with HAS-Clay to utilize low-temperature waste heat. The demonstration tests were performed in a stationary-type and an offline-heat-transportation -type system, after the development of basic systems and the optimization of properties such as durability of HAS-Clay. In the stationary-type system, thermal storage tanks filled with the adsorbent were charged with exhaust hot air and the air from the tanks was utilized for a drying process of a commercial plant. The characteristics of charging and discharging operations of this thermal storage system were evaluated. We found that it is possible to add a heat-up function such as a heat pump; a continuous and stable heat supply could be obtained by batch operation control. Moreover, it was necessary to design under optimal operating conditions that suit he characteristics of the bent and the process.

This study aimed to investigate on the actual usage of air-conditioned wears by conducting a questionnaire survey on 286 subjects working in major cities for Company A. The study focused on investigation conditions for the actual usage of air-conditioned wears. the effect of use, and the difference in subjective symptoms after using air-conditioned wears. Moreover, the extent to which air-conditioned wears were used for heat stroke prevention measures was summarized. The results of this study are as follows. (1) From the viewpoint of the effect of using air-conditioned wears and practicality in the field, 46.3% of the respondents answered for "satisfied with the air volume". In contrast, 30.3% of the respondents chose "dissatisfied with the air volume", which was a non-negligible ratio. (2) Regarding the continuous use time of air-conditioned wears, majority (57.6%) of the respondents requested improvement At least, many people found it complicated, considered that it is necessary to charge the battery almost every day. (3) Regarding the improvement of the physical condition by using air-conditioned wears, the most frequently answered item was "whole body is dull", which was opted by 68 people, 23.8% of all respondents. Moreover, many answers contained terms such as "blurred head" and "distracted". The results suggest that these improvements in "concentration" are directly linked to workability and safety. Moreover, it can be seen that the improvement in the physical condition by the penetration of air-conditioned wears leads to ensuring the safety of workers. In addition, improving "not being enthusiastic about things" may lead to increased aspirations of workers.　(4) In addition the points that should be considered for improvement of these air-conditioned wear product include not being able to exert sufficient effects depending on the work environment having to use a battery and prevention heatstroke by using air-conditioned wears. It was shown that the effects of "improvement of concentration" and "improvement of psychology" can be obtained. This study would promote the use of air-conditioned wears by proactively disseminating these effective aspects, which will lead to further improvement of the working environment and ensuring safety. (5) In terms of the percentage of work environments in which air-conditioned wears cannot be used, the most commonly chosen answer was the dust generation working environment. Such working environments are considered to correspond to that in a narrow space such as ceilings and are a characteristic of building facility construction they have the work environmental conditions involves high temperature and humidity. As a countermeasure, such environments utilize an ice pack type, which has the characteristic of maintaining a cooling effect for a long time, in combination with air-conditioned wears by a fan. If there is a choice in this method according to the working environment, it will lead to a great improvement in the environment. (6) There is no practical investigation study on the actual usage of large-scale air-conditioned wears for workers at building equipment construction sites. The results obtained herein will be academically meaningful for the future utilization of air-conditioned wears. The physical condition and psychological improvements by using air-conditioned wears directly lead to the reduction of risks associated with safety and quality. If the subjective symptoms of each individual are grasped in advance and the risk of the working environment is evaluated according to the subjective symptoms, the use of air-conditioned wears may more effectively reduce safety risk.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the indoor environment and energy performance of an air-conditioning system with an outdoor air handling unit and a multi-split-type air-conditioner when outside air and room load are processed by these air handling units. Herein, a coupled heat load processing model is first developed, and its reproducibility is clarified by comparing the measured values in a university lecture room with the calculated values of the developed model. Next, using this model, from the simulation for an office building, it is clarified that the seasonal energy consumption can be reduced, while maintaining the indoor temperature and humidity environment by changing the air supply temperature setting of the outdoor air handling unit according to the outdoor air conditions. Moreover, this study verifies that energy saving is achieved through the control of the CO₂ concentration by the outdoor air handling unit. In addition, it is confirmed that the increase in energy consumption when the amount of introduced outdoor air increases is caused by the increase in the outdoor air CO₂ concentration.

Tap waters contain both the corrosive anions like SO₄^2－，Cl^－ and corrosion inhibitive ions such as HCO₃^－. An anion exchange resin can replace SO₄^2－ and Cl^－ with HCO₃^－. Thus， the treatment of tap waters by the anion exchange resin， which regenerated with NaHCO₃， could produce the corrosion preventive water. This paper aimed at verifying the above idea. The results were as follows; 1) Corrosion tests of carbon steel in the tap waters collected in three areas in Japan were made. At the same time, the corrosion was tested in the waters treated with the anion exchange resin. 2) Corrosion in the treated waters did not appear for 720 hrs. 3) Corrosion potential in the treated water moved rapidly to the positive side. The corrosion potential in the untreated water migrated to the negative side. 4) The corrosion prevention mechanism appeared to result from the formation of passive layer on carbon steel. The authors recommend the application of this technique from the initial operating stages of water piping system. Elongation of piping system was highly expected.