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Volume 20, Issue 11
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Toshio FURUKAWA, Etsujiro SHIMEMURA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 979-985
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe consider the problem of constructing observers for linear systems with commensurate time delays. We construct two types of observers.
One is derived from the duality to the stabilization problem of the systems with commensurate time delays.
Another is derived from the following method. That is, if we can transform some system over polynomial ring to make a stable error system, we can construct a new type of observers. The condition for constructibility of this type of observer is attributed to the condition for solvability of some matrix algebraic equation over polynomial ring.
Every observer discussed in this paper coincides in its constructibility condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (900K) -
Tadashi KONDO, Hisashi EZURE, Yoshiharu ANBE1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 986-992
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, a revised GMDH (Group Method of Data Handling) algorithm, which can identify the model by using both qualitative and quantitative input variables, is developed. In the previous GMDH algorithms, the qualitative input variables can not be included in the GMDH model and so the useful qualitative information of the system can not be used in the model identification. In the large scale systems whose structures are very complex, there are many cases in which the qualitative system characters have significant effects on the model structures. The revised GMDH algorithm in this paper quantifies the qualitative input variables for each item by using the quantification theory, and generates the quantified input variables in the first layer. The GMDH model is identified by combining the quantified input variables and the quantitative input variables. The revised GMDH algorithm is applied to the identification problem of rolling model and the combined physical and statistical model obtained by the revised GMDH algorithm is compared with the model obtained by the previous GMDH algorithm.View full abstractDownload PDF (891K) -
Akira INOUE, Mitsuaki ISHITOBI, Zenta IWAI, Hidekatsu TOKUMARU1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 993-999
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a design scheme of a model reference adaptive control system with a desired rate of exponential convergence for continuous-time single-input single-output linear systems. It is shown that the algorithm will ensure that the signals in the system remain bounded for any time and that the output tracking error goes to zero exponentially.
The design scheme proposed in this paper is based on the extended method without using strictly positive real function and the method uses filters and an error model with desired dynamics to specify the convergence rate arbitrarily. The overall adaptive control loop is proved to be stable with non zero plant initial values and under the condition that the unstability degree of the plant is greater than the convergence rate of adjusting laws. It requires the assumption of richness of signals, which is essentially necessary to have exponential convergence.
Some simulation runs are presented to show the stabilty of the overall adaptive system.View full abstractDownload PDF (913K) -
Seiichi SHIN, Toshiyuki KITAMORI1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1000-1005
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe adaptive observer has an important role on the modern control theory since it reconstructs a state of unknown plant from input and output measuring. However, it is restricted to the finite dimensional linear plant and is not applicable to the continuous-time linear plant with time delays. The restriction is not so practical that many plants have their own time delays and processing in the controller and measuring instrument may add the time delay to the plant which has no time delay.
This paper presents a continuous-time adaptive observer for the linear plant with input and output time delays. It consists of an adptive state estimator and an adaptive state predictor, so that the global convergence of the reconstructed state to the true value can be proved with the sufficiently richness condition. The estimator, almost equal to the ordinary adaptive observer, gives an estimate of the past state, from which the predictor reconstructs the required state as the observed value. A numerical simulation is performed for the purpose of verifying the convergence proof.View full abstractDownload PDF (770K) -
Shinji SHINNAKA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1006-1013
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a method for designing adaptive pole placers for plants with narrow-band noise.
Although a number of methods for designing adaptive pole placers for plants with no noise have been reported, a few for plants with noise. In order to design the placers that can exhibit reasonable performance to the plants with noise of nonnegligible amplitude, it is necessary to use the methods taking into account the characteristics as well as the existence of the noise. This paper proposes such a method, specifically for the plants with narrow-band noise. The proposed method is an indirect one and is characterized by the employment of noise-rejection filters. Considering narrow-band characteristics of the noise, the approach using such filters will be a reasonable one. The filters employed in the placer play the important role to reject the noise influences not only in the estimation process of plant parameters but also in the output of the resulting adaptive system. An effective and robust structure for the placer with the filters is also suggested, which can accommodate, without modification, new schemes developed to overcome the restriction on plant order.View full abstractDownload PDF (982K) -
Toshiharu KAGAWA, Ato KITAGAWA, Toshio TAKENAKA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1014-1018
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, transient response of a pneumatic transmission line terminated by volume is analyzed by high speed and accurate computing technique applying the characteristics method.
The dimensionless parameters RN, RV and RH are derived by introducing the dimensionless variables for the basic equations of the system. Then, the transient response of the system can be determined by these dimensionless parameters. The parameter RN represents the viscous friction of the line and determines the damping coefficient of the line, and RV is the ratio of the volume of a chamber to that of the line. The parameter RH represents the extent of the heat transfer in the chamber.
The results of the numerical computation agree well with the experimental results. The typical step responses are shown by figures and are available to the design of the pneumatic systems.View full abstractDownload PDF (571K) -
Yoshiaki OHTAKE, Naonori NISHIDA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1019-1023
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method is developed for solving parametric mixed integer linear programming problems (PMIP). PMIP considered here is a parametric analysis for right-hand-side values of the constraints which are varied continuously. The basic framework of the method is based on the conventional branch-and-bound approach to mixed integer programming.
Previously there has existed only one method that could be applied to solve PMIP. Since the previous method is a heuristic approach, true optimal solution is not always obtained. The present method is not based on heuristic approach, and, therefore, the complete optimal solution can be obtained. The characteristic of the present method is that a range set of parameter value is defined for each node, for which the lower bound function has to be calculated. This results in saving of considerate computational efforts. A computational study shows that solution times required by the present method are about 50-60 percent of those by the previous heuristic method.View full abstractDownload PDF (617K) -
Makoto TSUKIYAMA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1024-1030
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is the purpose of this paper to propose an urban runoff on-line prediction model and evaluate the model by using the real storm-water data. In modeling, it is necessary to overcome the shortcoming, which AR model has, that the predicted runoff has its peak behind the real runoff. We think that a model describing physical aspects of urban runoff is effective in order to overcome the shortcoming. The proposed on-line prediction model is based on a better physical understanding of the urban runoff process. The concept incorporating effective rainfall in impervious areas, time-area curve, and storage routing is used in this model.
We apply it to a basin of 1000ha. As a result of simulation using the real drainage system data and observation data (rainfall rate 90mm/day), we obtained good result. The proposed model was verifyed to be better than AR model of order 2 and to overcome the above shortcoming.View full abstractDownload PDF (930K) -
Kiyoaki KIKUCHI, Akira SUZUKI1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1031-1037
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA capacitance-to-voltage converter is discrived for measurement of small capacitance. This method can be measured at audio frequency ranges and is not affected very much with a stray capacitance which come out between a ground and unknown capacitor. The sensitivity can set extensively by choosing magnitude of the feedback capacitance and the signal voltages.
As application of the C-V converter, we have developed a displacement meter and a vibrating amplitude meter. The sensitivities of these instruments were obtained 51.6mV/μm with displacement meter and 2.52mV/μm with vibrating amplitude meter when an effective diameter of the probe was 2.2mm.View full abstractDownload PDF (853K) -
Tokuji FUJII, Yasuhiro TAKEUCHI1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1038-1043
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn avalanche diode is one of the most important devices for microwave oscillation. Its operation is modeled by the basic system which is described by two-dimensional ordinary differential equations. The basic system with no perturbation which is caused by the velocity modulation has already been analyzed. The system has periodic orbits, but they are structurally unstable.
The object of this paper is to analyze the extended basic system with the perturbation. At first, we linearize the system in the neighborhood of a singular point, and classify the solution characteristics on the parametric space. Next, applying Hopf bifurcation theorem in R2, the existence of a stable limit cycle is proved. The existence conditions of periodic orbits correspond to the oscillation conditions on real silicon avalanche diode. Further, the numerical simulation is used to confirm the local characteristics of the system obtaind by the linearization method and Hopf bifurcation theorem. The simulation also shows the global properties of the system such as an emergence and a collapse of a limit cycle and phase portraits of trajectories.
Finally, by use of above results, we discuss 1) the case in normal bias, 2) the operation during start-up and 3) the limitation on DC current required for oscillation. It is shown that the extended system describes the physical phenomena more accurately than the known system with no perturbation.View full abstractDownload PDF (736K) -
Measurement of the Energy Converting Efficiency of a Wave Energy ConverterRyoji KAWATANI, Tsutomu SAKURAI, Masami MASUBUCHI1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1044-1049
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, a measuring method based upon the torque feedback principle is proposed for measuring the power of a rotating machinery turning forward and reverse directions periodically and is applied to measure the energy converting efficiency of a wave energy converter.
In the primary stage of a wave energy converter, it is often necessary to measure the converted power by using the linear or rotary motions which moving directions change at a very low frequency. when the power of walking motions of men and animals is desired to be measured, the same problem will be faced. In these cases, it is difficult to use the conventional power measuring method for the machines which rotate only in one direction.
A measuring instrument consisting of a tacho-generator which detects the angular velocity and a torque motor which generates the brake torque proportional to the output of the tacho-generator so as to give the brake torque to the movement of the converter is devised. As the result of the application of this measuring instrument to the wave energy converter consisting of 2 floating bodies and a connecting rod, it is found that this measuring instrument is very accurate. Moreover, it is also the special feature of this instrument that the optimum point of converting efficiency can be obtained during operation since the brake torque generation can be controlled precisely from the outside of this system.View full abstractDownload PDF (789K) -
Shigeru KUROSU, Yoshihiro INOSE, Juhei YAMADA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1050-1055
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new type of the long-period seismometer, called the gyro-transducer, has previously been made3), 4). The observation system for measuring horizontal seismic motion has the distinguishing point which is its potential for measuring two-components as a vector with the gyro-transducer. However, dynamical characteristics about a roll-axis and a pitch-axis are usually coupled to each other. If this cross-coupling is undesirable, it must be minimized by modifying the structure of the system. On a microcomputer data processing system, this is achieved by 1) identifying parameters and 2) decoupling the interaction into isolated parts that can be described by a simple dynamic relation. Furthermore, a new type of the recording system for the continuous observation of earthquakes is developed.View full abstractDownload PDF (880K) -
Hideto IDE1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1056-1061
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany studies related to human sensation have been made from the point of view of engineering, medical science and psychology.
The problem of the quantification of sensation is of great importance and cannot be ignored, although only a few papers on this subject have appeared.
This study shows the relationship between the recognition of shape and the electromyogram (EMG) generated in the human on the surface of the muscle.
In order to observe the corresponding EMG, the subject was placed inside a shielded room with Ag-AgCl electrodes located at two points on this skin. The two electrodes were spaced 50mm apart, but variation of the separation in the range 5-10mm had no effect on the EMG.
Three spectral peaks (100, 160, 250Hz) for the response were obtained for each shape (sphere, tetrahedron, cube). The frequencies corresponding with the peak spectral values in the response are the same, and are independent of the shapes.
Feature extraction of form can therefore be quantified as an EMG spectral variation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1238K) -
Hiromu NAKAZAWA, Tsukasa MATSUURA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1062-1067
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper we propose a system which will result in the growth of a plant in the shortest time possible through the control of the plant's environment by the realtime system with the aid of a microcomputer.
The proposed system is to control the codition of the house so that apparent photosynthetic rate of the selected plants in the assimilatory box will be maximized.
The feasibility of the system has been confirmed by the experiments such as the compound control of CO2 concentration and air temperature.
In this paper, the control method using a model is also considered for an advanced control.
The model which is used here is a growth model of lettuce and the example of planned production, which satisfies the required items, cost, due time of delivery and weight, is explained and finally the optimum illuminance for the plant factory which is planned by the authors is shown by case study.View full abstractDownload PDF (611K) -
Tadashi TAKEMAE, Kiyoshi MATSUYAMA, Akihiro KIKUCHI, Tetsuya KITAZAWA1984 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 1068-1070
Published: November 30, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (771K)
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