All issues
Volume 33, Issue 1
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Koichi HARADA, Shoji KAWAHITO, Yoshiaki TADOKORO1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is pointed out that the chewing operation is strongly related to one's health and development of brain cells. But our chewing number is decreasing recently, especially for children. We are requested to make a counting system of the chewing number by a dentist.
We consider three methods for counting the chewing number using small pressure sensors, i.e., metal strain gage and semiconductor pressure sensor. The first one is the chin-strap detection method in which the system detects the small expansion of the chin strap with strain gages when one chews food. The second is the ear-plug detection method using a strain gage or a semiconductor pressure sensor. In this method, the small strain of the ear-plug is detected by these sensors. The last one is the head detection method in which the system detects the small expansion of the temporal muscle using the head-band with a semiconductor pressure sensor. These systems also can detect the chewing power.
Comparing these methods, it is made clear that the head-band detection method has the best performance and its system can be used easily when one chews food. Its miscount is about 1.3 to 3.1[%] depending on food, and the circuit of this system can be put inside user's pocket.View full abstractDownload PDF (3434K) -
Shunji HIROKAWA, Yoshio KOGA, Takako ENDO1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 8-16
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMRI studies for shapes and sizes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and of knee-joint condyles were performed respectively, on twelve female high-school students; all play basketball in the same team as an extracurricular activity. Six sustain noncontact ACL injury, the other six have no problems with their knees. Among various measures, only the index of convexity of the lateral tibial plateau revealed statistically significant difference between the ACL injury and the normal. It was suggested that the shape of convexity of the lateral tibial plateau is associated with ACL elongation during knee motion, thereby causing noncontact injuries.
A 3 D knee model was developed in order to complement the experimental results by determining a direct relationship between convexity of the lateral tibial plateau and ACL elongation as a function of knee angle. The articular surfaces were approximated by the spline equations. The ligaments and fascia were represented by a number of non-linear springs. A sensitivity study was undertaken to evaluate ACL elongation due to the variations in convexity of the lateral tibial plateau and in magnitude of floor reaction force/moment. A hyperboloid was mathematically heaped up to the original lateral tibial plateau so as to increase the convexity as well as to heighten the intercondylar tubercle.
Simulation results demonstrated that when the intercondylar tubercle became higher by 1mm, ACL strain increased by about 20 to 30%; same amount when a value of internal rotation moment to the tibia increased by 10Nm. An increase in convexity of the lateral tibial plateau increased ACL strain especially for small angle of knee flexion, which is the condition at the moment of jumping or landing.
We conclude that athletes with larger convexity of the lateral tibial plateau are at significantly greater risk for sustaining noncontact ACL injury.View full abstractDownload PDF (2550K) -
Shogo TANAKA, Masayuki OKAMOTO1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 17-22
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the field of measurement and control, there are many applications where indirect measurement of pipe length plays an important role. This paper deals with the on-line measurement of the position of a sand surface in casing pipe related to the improvement of weak foundation. In the construction, how fast does the sand surface sink influences the form of the sand pillar. If the sinking velocity of the sand surface is measured on-line and with high accuracy, not only precise quality control but also smooth construction and consequently saving of much energy are achieved. The measurement can be reduced to that of the length of the pipe terminated with a metallic cover and pressurized sand surface.
For the length measurement, light and sound waves are recollected immediately as a medium, but it is difficult to use light wave because of much vapor produced by pressurization and decompression in the pipe. This paper presents, using sound wave, a method which enables the pipe length to be measured accurately and low-costly. The method is based on the pattern matching between the acoustic pressure in the pipe and a linear combination of the elementary and its integralfold frequencies of stationary waves.View full abstractDownload PDF (1274K) -
Takeshi HATSUZAWA, Manabu HAYAKAWA, Kazuo MARUYAMA1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 23-27
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA spatial filtering is applied to the inspection of TAB (Tape Automated Bonding) leads for faster image processing in comparison with conventional visual inspection systems. TAB leads with various size of pseudo-defects are fabricated by lithographies. Two types of filters, directly photographed and theoretically designed, are manufactured for the evaluation of filtering performance. A defect detection sensitivity - a ratio of filtered defect intensity to background noise, is defined to compare the performance numerically. A sensitivy greater than 20 is obtained for various types of 8×8-micrometer defects, which corresponds to 1/5 of a lead width of 40 micrometer and sufficient for actual use. The robustness of the filtering is also examined for the both positioning errors of the filter and the TAB leads. A maximum tolerance of 0.15mm for the filter displacement and that of 5mm for the TAB leads are obtained for sensitivities of more than 20.View full abstractDownload PDF (3187K) -
Kazunori YASUDA, Minari YAMASAKI1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 28-34
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper is concerned with the problem of quadratic stabilization by decentralized control for a class of interconnected discrete-time systems with time-varying uncertainties both in the subsystem parameters and in the interconnections. We first show that the problem of quadratic stability for the interconnected systems can be reduced to the problem of the quadratic stability with disturbance attenuation for each subsystem. And utilizing this fact we derive a decentralized quadratic stabilizability condition and a decentralized state feedback gain in the case that the uncertainties in the subsystem parameters are norm-bounded. Since the stabilizability condition for each subsystem is independent each other, the control law may be effortlessly and efficiently designed. The condition is also transformed into linear matrix inequalities (LMI) for practical use.View full abstractDownload PDF (1163K) -
Takashi MITSUDA, Noriaki MARU, Kazunobu FUJIKAWA, Fumio MIYAZAKI1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 35-41
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe propose a simple visual servoing scheme based on the use of binocular visual space. When we use a hand-eye system which has a similar kinematic structure to a human being, we can approximate the transformation from a binocular visual space to a joint space of the manipulator as a linear time-invariant mapping. This relationship makes it possible to generate joint velocities from image observations using a constant linear mapping. This scheme is robust to calibration error, because it uses neither camera angles nor joint angles. Some experimental results are also shown to demonstrate the positioning precision remained unchanged despite the calibration error.View full abstractDownload PDF (1292K) -
Hideki KIDOHSHI, Kazuo YOSHIDA, Masaru KAMIYA1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 42-50
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNeural network control has been applied to various objects, and showed its validity. From the viewpoint of intelligent control, however, it is considered that most of utilizations of neural network are no more than a technique in which a part of information processing is replaced with that using a neural network and they are not able to cope with abnormal situation. This study introduces a new concept of hierarchical information abstraction. This study presents a new technique of intelligent control using the neural network, called “Cubic Neural Network” (CNN) which possesses multi-levels of information abstraction, and furthermore presents a systematic synthesis method of CNN. Therefore, qualitative knowledge or information can be used in addition to ordinary feedback control using only quantitative measured values. And a robust control which has large applicable regions is realized. And, as an example, the control of inverted pendulum including supposed or not supposed large parameter change is dealt with, and the usefulness of the present method is shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (3656K) -
Tielong SHEN, Katsutoshi TAMURA1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 51-53
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a solution of absolute stabilization problem with disturbance attenuation performance. Multivariable discrete time system with the sector constraint is considered and a sufficient condition is given such that closed loop system is absolute stable with L2-gain being less than one. Using the condition, it is shown that the solution can be obtained by solving H∞ design problem.View full abstractDownload PDF (444K) -
Hiroaki ISHIZAWA, Masako NAKAMURA, Eiji TOBA, Toshio IWASAKI1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 54-56
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper will describe the new nondestructive measurement of pesticide residues in the agricultural products. This method proposed is based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of attenuated total reflectance method (FT-IR-ATR).
This method processes the spectrum by quadratic discriminant analysis. The measuring time is about ten minutes that is the shortest among the conventional destructive methods, of which measuring time are some hours. This method was applied to measure some kinds of fungicides residues simultaneously, using lettuces produced in a real field as the calibration set.
The main results of this study are as follows.
(1) Fungicides could be detected by a ATR spectrum, for they have different characteristic absorbance bands in infrared region.
(2) The concentration range of each fungicide residues could be adequately discriminated by the sign of the quadratic discriminant function, whose variables are the area intensity at each characteristic absorbance bands of ATR spectrum.
(3) The safety inspection system of the agricultural products using the FT-IR-ATR are expected to be more effective and economic than the conventional methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (513K) -
Koichi SUYAMA1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 57-59
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper shows that the condition which has been said to be necessary for simultaneous stabilizability until now is not true in general.View full abstractDownload PDF (352K) -
Mingcong DENG, Ikuro MIZUMOTO, Zenta IWAI1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 60-62
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA systematic and quantitative design method for the parallel feedforward compensator (PFC) is proposed so as to realize an almost strictly positive real (ASPR) augmented plant for plants with the structured uncertainty. The design procedure is described, using an illustrative example of interval systems.View full abstractDownload PDF (434K) -
Hisao KATOH, Yasuyuki FUNAHASHI1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 63-65
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the linear time-invariant multi-input multi-output systems, so-called interactor represents the zero structure of the systems, and play an important role in the MIMO feedback control problems. In this note, we propose a new procedures to derive the generalized interactors for given transfer functions. This procedures need no complicated calculations, and easily done by using the singular value decomposition software.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
Shigeru HANBA, Yoshihiko MIYASATO, Taketoshi KAWABE, Osamu ISOBE1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 66-68
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA design method of bilinear observers which is directly applicable to semiactive suspension systems is proposed. Exponential convergence of the state estimate under any admissible input is shown. Experimental results of the proposed observer are presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
Masaya SEKIMOTO, Takehiko HORITA, Sumitoshi OGATA1997 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 69-71
Published: January 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe computer experiment has revealed that the sampling conditions affect significantly the chaos attractor, correlation integral and correlation dimension. Rough sampling rate and low bits result in distorted attractors, while insufficient data length is the cause of no saturation of correlation dimension.View full abstractDownload PDF (393K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|