By the method of a questionnaire, 924 children were asked whether they can do or not do each of 44 items on techniques selected from daily living. The children belonged to fourth, fifth and sixth grades of elementary school and to first grade of junior high school. The results are as follows : 1. The average percentage for answers of "yes" is 67 in 44 techniques. Techniques of high percentage are comparatively simple skills. Low percentage ones are techniques which need judgement to condition or situation for practice and are now unnecessary for children. 2. Differences among school grades are seen for 30 techniques. Children in higher grades can do better than children in lower grades. 3. Differences between boys and girls are not seen in the average percentage for total techniques. However, difference among sex is partly seen. Boys show higher percentage for mechanical techniques and girls show higher percentage for domestic ones.

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The method of a questionnaire is the same as in part 1. The results are as follows : 1. On the whole, chidren's consciousness about necessity for the techniques is high. The average score of necessity is 3.98 (SD=0.42). Girls show higher score of necessity than boys. 2. Factor analysis gives 4 factors. (1) The first factor : the techniques which need ability of Judgement for condition or situation. (2) The second factor : techniques which use domestic tools or machines. (3) The third factor : techniques which need knowledge for objects and ability of rational treatment. (4) The fourth factor : Techniques which are useful for maintenance and operation of tools and machines. 3. Significant correlation is seen between children's actual state and consciousness shown toward necessity of various techniques.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the actual state on the "mutual extension" system of technical and homemaking education, by survey of junior high schools in Yamaguchi Prefecture in 1981 and 1983. The results were as follows. The actual state in 1983 varied from that in 1981. The typical contents of "mutual extension" system in the former were foods, electricity and woodwork. The typical school years in studying them were in the first or the second grades rather than the third. In 1983 the number of schools studying them coeducationally increased slightly than in 1981. Though homemaking teachers appreciated the attitudes and abilities of both boys and girls in "mutual extension" system, they had little will to develop this system.

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This study investigated on the operation of Home Project by students of teachers training universities. We divided students into those specialized in homemaking education and those specialized in other courses and investigated their consciousness. This study aimed to use its findings in teaching Home Project hereafter. The results are as follows : 1. The percentage of Home Project experienced by the students is about 43 percent. It is 54 percent in the case of students specialized in homemaking education, and 31 percent for students specialized in other courses. 2. As students of the teachers training universities, they recognized the meaning of Home Project and its usefulness of doing a Home Project, when reflecting on their past though their consciousness toward Home Project were low.

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Following the first paper, this study reports the goals, purposes and organizational structure of the Future Homemakers of America. The results are as follows : 1. The basic goal and purposes of FHA are to encourage the function of the family, to make preparations for employment, to learn the leadership skills and so on. 2. The official sponsors of the organization are the U.S. Department of Education and the American Home Economics Association. FHA functions on three levels : national organization, state association and local chapter. 3. There are FHA chapter, HERO chapter and FHA/HERO chapter. Students take the initiative in activities and master the practical experiences.

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This study investigated that students' experiences in childhood, elementary school and junior high school, and their personalities affect technical evaluation in sewing and cooking at the senior high school level. The differences between excellent and poor students by their teachers' evaluations were analyzed through results of questionnaires and Y-G temperament tests. Most of the students who were excellent in sewing, had greater enthusiasm for sewing, which seemed to have begun in their earlier years. They had had more experience in embroidery or knitting befor they were ten years old, and were reputed to be skillful since their childhood. According to the Y-G temperament test, they proved to be the A (average) type. There were significant differences between the excellent and poor students in cooking in enthusiasm shown for physical education and they proved to be the D (director) type.

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Nutrition teaching programs tend to be abstract and only a small percentage of what is taught in class in likely to be ingrained in the pupils. To cope with this tendency, a teaching method has been devised and tried to familiarize the pupils with nutrition so that they can learn it with interest and enjoyment. In the new method, they are instructed to make "Nutrition Cards" and are led to make efficient use of them in class to cultivate a better understanding of nutrition.

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The author discussed the paper patterns for junior high school girls' skirts to find a way to solve the educational problems on the basis of local realities of life. 1. The results of the questionaires showed that the patterns used most were those made by three makers. 2. There was no difference in the labeled dimensions of the patterns among the three, but some difference in slackness between hip and waist. The most careful point is the labeling of the depth between hip and waist. 3. The actually measured values of hip and waist were distributed between size A-type and size F-type. Therefore, the girls who have B-and Y-types have to alter their patterns.

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In order to know the figure a desirable nurse, investigations were made by the experienced nurse who are engaged in the nursery school. The results are as follows : 1. Difficulties of duties of nurse were to assume a good learning attitude, to keep a reliable relationship among children, colleagues and parents, and to understand each child. 2. In the estimation of proficient nurses, newly-appointed nurses had cheerful character and positive atitude, and they study hard. On the other hand, lack of professional consciousness and social commonsense, and their egoistic doing were criticized. 3. proficient nurse expected students' ambition toward child education, practical attitude, modest and flexible behaviour toward their nursing. Furthermore, the nurse expect them to establish basic habits for living, philosophy of child life, and professional consciousness. 4. proficient nurse desired the school to appoint nurse that has useful ability to work from the start. However, a nurse of the chief class seeked for improvement of quality as an excellent nurse.

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the structure of the mother-child relationship. In this paper we analyed the gap of consciousness between mothers and children in the actual and ideal discipline of children. The subjects were second-year students of junior high schools and their mothers in Fukushima City. The results were as follows : 1. In both actual and ideal discipline of children, mothers were mostly of the strict type. Mothers' ideal discipline type was different from children's. 2. Mothers' actual discipline type was mostly agreed with children's and the rate of agreement between the answers of girls and their mothers was higher than that of boys. 3. In actual discipline, educational background of mothers was significant and mothers with higher education were mostly of the strict type.

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Following the previous paper, this reports the results of analysis about the degree of contact and recognition between mothers and children for the purpose of explaining more clearly the gap of consciousness between them. The results were as follows : 1. Girls' degree of contact in conversation with their mothers was higher than boys'. 2. Boys' gap of consciousness between mothers and children was remarkable, which was caused by the psychological distance between mothers and children and the form of their conversation. 3. In both the confidence and recognition of acts, the answers of children were more negative than their mothers, which suggested the existence of children's privacy.

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