Journal of the Japan Association of Home Economics Education

Present Conditions of Homemaking Education in Elementary Schools in Okayama Prefecture (1)

Yaeko Muto, Yasuko Nishimura, Yoshie Okura, Kimiko Ishihara

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 1-7
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_1

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The purpose of this survey was to identify problems on the teaching of Homemaking course in elementary schools in Okayama Prefecture. Questionnaires were sent to teachers in charge of Homemaking. Increasing number of classroom teachers are now teaching Homemaking, and thereby more male classroom teachers are in charge of this course. Compared with female teachers, male teachers have less teaching experiences in the course and are not familiar with the teaching method, and introduce less experiments and investigation into their classes. Male teachers, however, are not reluctant to teach Homemaking. There is hardly any difference in understanding the necessity of the course between the male teachers and the female teachers.

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Present Conditions of Homemaking Education in Elementary Schools in Okayama Prefecture (2)

Yaeko Muto, Yasuko Nishimura, Yoshie Okura, Kimiko Ishihara

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 8-14
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_8

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This study is designed, following the first report, to identify problems caused by the different types of teachers in charge of the Homemaking course in elementary schools in Okayama Prefecture. Main types of teachers in charge of this course include, 1) teachers with less teaching hours, 2) classroom teachers, and 3) teachers mainly devoted to the course. In the past the first type was most popular, but now the second type has increased as the first type decreased. In the first type, teachers have in general, less understanding for the necessity of the course and feel difficulties in grasping students' realities. In addition teaching hours of the course are difficult to secure. In the second type, teachers, acknowledging the importance of the course, do not feel reluctant to teach, but they are not familiar with the teaching method. In the third type, many of the teachers have not majored in Homemaking Education and tend to lose their willingness to teach.

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Elementary School Teachers' Awareness of Their Pupils' Life and Their Ideas about Homemaking Education (1)

Yoshiko Gotou, Keiko Tomosada

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 15-19
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_15

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As homemaking education has to be rooted in the observation of pupils' circumstances, we investigated 737 elementary school teachers in Yamaguchi Prefecture on the level of teachers' awareness of their pupils' life. The results were as follows : 1. The degree of teachers' awareness of their pupils' life depends on the age of the teacher (older teachers were found to be more aware) and on the number of pupils in a class (classes with fewer pupils had greater teacher's awareness). 2. 'Discipline' and 'watching television' were considered the most serious problems in a child's life. 3. Teacher's awareness of children's life is not related to the teacher's will to take charge of homemaking education.

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Elementary School Teachers' Awareness of Their Pupils' Life and Their Ideas about Homemaking Education (2)

Keiko Tomosada, Yoshiko Gotou

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 20-23
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_20

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Continued from the first paper, this study investigated elementary school teachers' ideas about homemaking education in Yamaguchi Prefecture. The results were as follows : 1. Seventy-four percent of teachers regarded homemaking education in elementary school as important. 2. Sixty percent of teachers supported homemaking coeducation in junior high school and/or senior high school. 3. Many teachers wanted to improve daily pupil's discipline rather than work on skills and scientific recognition.

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Actual Conditions and Problems of Home Discipline : The Formation of Fundamental Habits by Infants in Their Home Life

Teiko Tsuji, Setsuko Fujiwara, Takeko Maeda, Mutsuko Tateishi

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 24-29
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_24

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Now that home discipline has become a question of general interest, an investigation was made into how infants are trained in their homes in Hyogo Prefecture. The contents for investigation were their home environment and the degree to which they have developed the habits of 1) dining in a proper way, 2) keeping regular hours, 3) dressing and undressing by themselves, 4) calling a greeting to others, and 5) bearing their share of domestic chores. The results of the investigation were as follows : So far as fundamental habits are concerned, infants are not adequately disciplined in any of the five points mentioned above.

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Expectation toward Homemaking Course as School Education : As to Mothers having Junior High School Students

Yuuko Shimpuku, Yoshiko Nakagawa, Utako Hatakeyama

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 30-37
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_30

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As to mothers having junior high school students, we have investigated what they expect of education on home life. The results are as follows : 1. Boys' mothers expect to be taught knowledge and techniques of home life as the boys advance to the next grade. 2. Regional differences were seen on the expectation for school education apart form the high or low level group of home education. 3. Mothers expect to be taught contents on foods and dwellings in school. 4. In kindergarten and elementary school levels, mothers hope for the formation of basic living customs. In junior high school, they expect lessons on the basic knowledge and techniques of home life. In high school, they desire lessons on the intrinsic values home life with which to live their own lives.

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The Changes of Pupils through Formative Evaluation (2) : Skills in the Food Area of Homemaking Education

Emiko Tabei, Setsuko Higashi, Yoko Sekine, Eiko Yokota

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 38-44
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_38

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1. As to the skills of cutting and that of peeling, the post-test was remarkably better than the pre-test, showing the evidence of the effectiveness of learning. According to the post-test, no significant difference was noticed between boys and girls. 2. The speed of cutting and the skill of peeling were different according to whether the children had the experience at home, but the exactness of cutting had little to do with the experience. 3. There was no correlation between the skill of cutting and that of peeling. 4. There is no correlation between the quantity of knowledge and skills.

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International Federation for the Development of Domestic Instruction and its Impact on Japan

Machiko Noda

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 45-50
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_45

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International Federation for the Development of Domestic Instruction in the period of its foundation and its impact on Japan were investigated. The following results were obtained. 1. Home economics education for the working classes started to spread at the end of the 19th century. 2. International Federation for the Development of Domestic Instruction was founded for the international exchange of informations on home economics education. 3. Reports of International Congress caused authorities concerned of the Japanese Ministry of Education to recognize the value of homemaking education for betterment of laborer's living. 4. Informations of the International Federation gave impetus to the establishment of science-oriented homemaking education.

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An Approach to Teaching Program of Cooking from Viewpoint of Meal Preparation (2) : The Relationships between Cooking Experiences and Nutrition Level of Meals for the Selfboarding Students

Yoriko Harigai

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 51-57
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_51

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Nutritional level of meals for students who have experienced to cook less kinds of dishes (L group) was poor than the students who have done more kinds of dishes (M group). 1. Only 6% students of the L group got 4 points and over by "suitable score" for the recommended allowance of nutrients. 2. Number of dishes for meals per day of L group was less than the M group. (L : 6.1±2.2, M : 7.9±2.8). 3. "Fukusai", especially Japanese style, was found less in the meals of the L group than the M. group. 4. In cooking experiences, "fukusai", Japanese style, of the L group was less than the M group.

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Preference and Sense of Taste for "Umami" of Junior High School Students (2) : For "Umami" Seasoning

Kaoru Kawashima

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 58-63
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_58

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Preference for varied concentrations of "Umami" seasoning of junior high school students were examined by sensory tests and its relation to discriminating ability of tastes were studied. Results were as follows : 1. One third of students preferred the sample of the highest concentration most. 2. Discriminating ability of tastes of junior high school students was inferior to that of university students. 3. Students preferring higher concentration of "Umami" seasoning had inferior discriminating ability of tastes, and showed stronger preference for instant noodles and hambergers. 4. In cooking classes at junior high school, these instructions are expected to let students build desirable sense of tastes.

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Sewing Conditions of Polyester Sewing Thread

Taeko Narumi

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 64-69
Published: November 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11549/jjahee.29.3_64

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The purpose of the present investigation was to determine thread count and stitch density required to match the strength of a seam to the strength of a given fabric in the use of polyester sewing thread. Polyester filament threads, polyester spun threads and cotton threads as comparison and which were placed on markets, were measured for observed thread diameter, loop strength and seam strength. These results have shown that the sewing condition of polyester spun thread is to select finer count thread or to reduce stitch density as compared with that of cotton thread. The sewing condition of polyester filament thread is approximately coordinated with stitch density and with cotton thread of similarly labeled size number.

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