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Tomoyuki YANO, Tomoko YOSHII, Takuya UEDA, Masahiro HORI, Kenji HIRAI
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
97-105
Published: May 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2010
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A series of new 2-(1-
N, N-dialkylcarbamoyl-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-ylsulfonyl) alkanoates were synthesized and examined for herbicidal activity against weeds. The herbicidal efficacy varied with the substituents at the α-position of the alkoxycarbonyl group and on the nitrogen atom of the carbamoyl moiety. Among the compounds synthesized, 1-
N, N-dialkylcarbamoyl-1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives having a branched alkyl group at the α-position of the alkoxycarbonyl group exhibited the most potent herbicidal activity. The chirality of the α-position had no effect on the activity. On the basis of biological evaluations, isopropyl 2-(1-
N, N-diethylcarbamoyl-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-ylsulfonyl)-4-methylpentanoate was selected as a promising herbicidal candidate for transplanted rice. Studies on structure-activity relationships using the hydrophobicity parameter log
k′ revealed that hydrophobicity markedly influenced the herbicidal activity.
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Eiji WARABI, Kenji USUI, Hiroshi MATSUMOTO
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
106-110
Published: May 20, 2002
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The diphenyl ether herbicide oxyfluorfen causes an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX) in plants as a result of the inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox). We previously reported that an oxyfluorfen-resistant soybean cell line selected by a stepwise selection method grew normally under 10
-7M oxyfluorfen due to the overproduction of mitochondrial Protox. In the present study, the accumulation and localization of Proto IX in normal and resistant cells after treatment with oxyfluorfen were examined by spectrofluorometry and fluorescence microscopy. The normal cells accumulated great amounts of Proto IX in the presence of 10
-6 and 10
-7M oxyfluorfen whereas the resistant cells accumulated much less. The level of Proto IX reached a maximum at 4 to 8hr after treatment under illumination and then gradually decreased. In the dark, the Proto IX content increased linearly until 24hr and fluorescence from Proto IX was detected in cytoplasm and plasma membrane in the oxyfluorfen-treated normal cells. In resistant cells, chlorophyll autofluorescence was detected in non-treated cells, and Proto IX fluorescence was not detectable. This autofluorescence, however, disappeared with 10
-7M oxyfluorfen treatment. These results strongly support that the overproduction of mitochondrial Protox is responsible for the resistance to oxyfluorfen in this selected soybean cell line.
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Toshiyuki KATAGI
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
111-117
Published: May 20, 2002
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The fungicide diniconazole [(
E)-1-(2, 4-dichlorophenyl)-4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl)-1-penten-3-ol] underwent (
E)/(
Z) isomerization and subsequent cyclization of its (
Z)-isomer to form an iso-quinoline derivative on exposure to UV light (λ>250nm) in methanol. The molecular geometry of the (
Z)-isomer estimated from the semi-empirical AM1 molecular orbital calculations based on measurements of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation times was successfully utilized to simulate the electronic transitions of the fluorescent difluorinated derivative of the (
Z)-isomer by CNDO/S calculations taking configuration interactions into consideration. The photolysis index for one-electron transition (ΔMij) strongly suggested that photo-induced cyclization proceeds
via an excited singlet state.
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Tsuneo ICHIBA, Takami MURASHI, Toshikazu OHTSUKA, Michio MASUKO
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
118-126
Published: May 20, 2002
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A number of α-alkoxyphenylacetic acid derivatives were synthesized and their fungicidal activities were examined. Studies of structure-activity relationships revealed strong fungicidal activity when the substituent at the α-position was a methoxy group and a substituted phenoxymethyl group was introduced to the 2-position of the benzene ring of the phenylacetic acid moiety. When a substituted phenoxy group was introduced to this position, the fungicidal activity was very weak. It was also shown that
N-methyl-phenylacetamide derivatives had stronger activities than phenylacetic acid methyl ester derivatives. Among the compounds synthesized in this study, 2-[2-(2, 5-dimethylphenoxymethyl) phenyl]-2-methyl-
N-methylacetamide (35) showed the most potent fungicidal activity against a wide range of crop diseases.
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Tsuneo ICHIBA, Tetsuya INUTA, Yukio HORITA, Motomu NIIKAWA, Michio MAS ...
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
127-132
Published: May 20, 2002
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Strobilurins are active against a wide range of diseases in laboratory tests, but do not always show the same level of activity under field conditions. We studied the differences in fungicidal activity under laboratory and field conditions of strobilurins and DMIs (14-demethylation inhibitor of elgosterol biosynthesis pathway) against wheat powdery mildew and eyespot, focussing on the systemicity of the compounds. Against wheat powdery mildew, the activity of the test compounds in the field differed from that in the laboratory. In the field, kresoxim-methyl, (
E)-2-[2-(3-trifluoromethyl-5-chloropyridin-2-yloxymethyl) phenyl] -2-methoxyimino-
N-methylacetamide and triadimefon, which have high level of both systemic activity and vapor-phase activity, showed excellent efficacy to control wheat powdery mildew. The effect is presumably due to the uniform coverage of the leaf surface, even leaves that emerged and developed after fungicide application. On the other hand, against wheat eyespot, (
E)-2-[2-(2, 5-dimethylphenoxymethyl) phenyl]-2-methoxyimino-
N-methylacetamide (SSF-129) and prochloraz showed excellent activity in the field, despite being ineffective against powdery mildew. These compounds had strong mycelial growth inhibitory activity, limited systemic activity and no vapor-phase activity. Therefore, it is assumed that these two fungicides remain in the area where they are sprayed, and show excellent control of eyespot, the symptom of which develop in a limited area of the stem base of wheat seedlings.
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Yuuta KASAHARA, Shinpei OHKI, Yukiharu SATO, Reiji TAKAHASHI, Tatsuaki ...
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
133-135
Published: May 20, 2002
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Takuo FUJISAWA
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
136-140
Published: May 20, 2002
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Takayuki MOTOYAMA, Shinzo KAGABU, Masashi MATSUOKA, Isamu YAMAGUCHI
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
141-144
Published: May 20, 2002
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Takashi OKUMOTO, Yoshihisa OZOE
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
145-146
Published: May 20, 2002
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Kimitoshi SAKAMOTO, Kazuhiro NOMURA, Hideto MIYOSHI
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
147-149
Published: May 20, 2002
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Manabu KAMIMURA
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
150-156
Published: May 20, 2002
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Kosuke NISHI, Hideo OHKAWA
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
157-165
Published: May 20, 2002
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Kazuhiko MATSUDA
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
166-168
Published: May 20, 2002
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Miki AKAMATSU
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
169-178
Published: May 20, 2002
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Kazunari OHTA, Shigeyuki ITOH, Takahiro YAMAWAKI, John E. KAUFMANN
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
179-187
Published: May 20, 2002
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A Novel Herbicide
Masatoshi TAMARU, Kazuhiko KAWANO, Ryo HANAI, Yoshikazu KIMURA
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
188-198
Published: May 20, 2002
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Akihiko YANAGI, Yukiyoshi WATANABE, Shinichi NARABU, Seishi ITO, Toshi ...
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
199-209
Published: May 20, 2002
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Shooichi MATSUNAKA
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
210
Published: May 20, 2002
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[in Japanese]
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
211-212
Published: May 20, 2002
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[in Japanese]
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
213-215
Published: May 20, 2002
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[in Japanese]
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
216-217
Published: May 20, 2002
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[in Japanese]
2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
218-219
Published: May 20, 2002
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2002 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages
221
Published: 2002
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