Journal of Pesticide Science
Online ISSN : 1349-0923
Print ISSN : 1348-589X
ISSN-L : 0385-1559
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Volume 30, Issue 3
Displaying 1-28 of 28 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
  • Toxicity of Acetamiprid to Workers of Reticulitermes flaviceps (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Coptotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and Odontotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
    Jianchu Mo, Chengyuan Pan, Shimiao Zhang, Chunrun Chen, Huangying He, ...
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 187-191
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.187
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The toxicity of acetamiprid was tested on Reticulitermes flaviceps (Oshima), Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki), important pests in buildings, dams and trees in China. The LD50 value of acetamiprid among worker termites of the three species was 4.41×10−5, 13.8×10−5 and 146×10−5 μg/termite, respectively, at 72 hr post-treatment. More than 90% of individuals tested died within 120 hr of coming into contact with sandy soil containing 4.8 ppm of acetamiprid. A 10-cm thick barrier of loam treated with 8.0 ppm of acetamiprid retarded completely the penetration by C. formosanus and O. formosanus. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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  • Synthesis and Anti-Juvenile Hormone Activity of Ethyl 4-[2-(6-Methyl-3-pyridyloxy)alkyloxy]benzoates
    Norihiro Fujita, Kenjiro Furuta, Hiromitsu Shirahashi, Soonsung Hong, ...
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 192-198
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.192
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A series of ethyl 4-[2-(6-methyl-3-pyridyloxy)alkyloxy]benzoates was prepared and tested for activity to induce precocious metamorphosis in larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Of the compounds tested, ethyl 4-[4-methyl-2-(6-methyl-3-pyridyloxy)pentyloxy]benzoate (5) was the most effective when applied to 24 hr-old 3rd instar larvae. There was no significant difference in precocious metamorphosis-inducing activity between 5R(+)- and 5S(−)-enatiomers. The activity of compound 5 could be fully counteracted by methoprene, a juvenile hormone (JH) agonist, but not by the dietary administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone. When 3rd instar larvae were treated with compound 5, hemolymph JH esterase activity, which is indispensable for the initiation of pupation in normal last instar larvae, was induced during the 4th instar. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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  • Effects of 6-Benzylaminopurine Applications on Bud Sprouting in Aralia elata Seem.
    Hiroyuki Sugiura, Takaaki Azuma
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 199-202
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.199
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    This paper describes the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (6BAP) on bud sprouting in mature Aralia elata Seem. trees. Greater bud sprouting was induced on cuttings from the upper parts than lower parts of the tree, with 50 mg/l if 6BAP than without. An average of 1.4 buds sprouted on the stumps not sprayed with 6-BAP after the trunks had been removed for the collection of cuttings. However, 3.4 buds sprouted on stumps receiving three applications at this concentration. From 2.9 to 3.5 buds sprouted when 50–200 mg/l of 6BAP was sprayed onto trunks of three to four-year-old plants whose apical buds were removed, and 1.8 on trunks not sprayed with 6BAP. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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Notes
  • Monitoring of the Sensitivity of Magnaporthe grisea to Metominostrobin 2001–2003: No Emergence of Resistant Strains and No Mutations at Codon 143 or 129 of the Cytochrome b Gene
    Yasuo Araki, Minoru Sugihara, Haruko Sawada, Hiroyuki Fujimoto, Michio ...
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 203-208
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.203
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    The sensitivity of Magnaporthe grisea to Metominostrobin (ORIBRIGHT®, a QoI fungicide) was examined. Six isolates collected in 1999, prior to the introduction of metominostrobin, were tested by conducting in vivo assays to establish a baseline for the sensitivity of the fungus. The mean value of the EC50 (ranging from 0.65 to 11.8 μg/ml) was 3.3 μg/ml. Ninety isolates were collected in 2001–2003 and 56 isolates were subjected to in vivo assays. EC50 values ranged from less than 0.1 to 9.4 μg/ml and no significant difference to the baseline was observed. A point mutation at nucleotide position +428 or +387 in the cytochrome b gene, resulting in the replacement of glycine 143 with alanine (G143A) or of phenylalanine 129 with leucine (F129L) at the amino acid position of cytochrome b known to be the cause of resistance to QoI, was not observed in any of the 96 field isolates including the six collected in 1999. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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  • Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of New 3,4,7-Trisubstituted Coumarins
    Takehito Mouri, Tomoyuki Yano, Shin-ichiro Kochi, Tetsu Ando, Masahiro ...
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 209-213
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.209
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    Fifty-three new 3-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-4-methyl-7-substituted coumarins were synthesized by four different routes utilizing commercially available 3-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin hydrochloride. Their antifungal activities were measured against a phytopathologic fungi, Botrytis cinerea. Some compounds with a substituted benzoyloxy, benzoyloxyethoxy, methylbenzoylaminoethoxy, or benzoylaminophenoxy group at the 7-position had an inhibitory effect (MIC: <50 ppm) on the germination of spores in an in vitro screening system. Among them, eight derivatives had interest activities. The highest level of activity (MIC: 7.8 ppm) was observed for the coumarin with a 7-[4-(2,4,6-trichlorobenzoylamino) phenoxy] substitution. This derivative also inhibited the germination of four other plant pathogens, Colletotrichum orbiculare, Alternaria mali, Phytophthora capsici, and Pyricularia oryzae. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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  • Permethrin Resistance Mechanisms in the Beet Armyworm (Spodoptera exigua (Hübner))
    Kei Shimada, Katsuya Natsuhara, Yasuhiro Oomori, Tadashi Miyata
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 214-219
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.214
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    The toxicity of pyrethroids was evaluated in a permethrin-susceptible (TS) and a permethrin-resistant (TR) strain of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). The TR-strain showed 92-fold more resistance to permethrin and higher cross-resistance (97- and 130-fold, respectively) to cypermethrin and fenvalerate than the TS-strain. Moreover, all larval instars exhibited greater susceptibility to permethrin in the TS-strain than TR-strain. There was very little difference in susceptibility between the two strains with respect to chlorphenapyr. The effect of piperonyl butoxide on the toxicity of permethrin indicated that the resistance of the TR-strain is due to enhanced metabolic detoxification by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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  • Method for Estimating Competitive Adsorption of Herbicides on Soils
    Munehiro Ebato, Koyo Yonebayashi
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 220-224
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.220
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    The effects of mixed herbicides in soils may differ due to interactions. Since adsorption amounts and ratios change nonlinearly with herbicide concentrations, it is necessary to control the total number of moles of a herbicide in solution to estimate its interactions and competitive adsorption in soils. Under experimental conditions, a method was utilized based on the amount of each herbicide adsorbed when the herbicide's molecular ratio was 100%. When atrazine and linuron were applied to soils, they did not compete in terms of adsorption. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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  • Volatile Emission by [N-(−)-jasmonoyl]-alanylleucine from Rice Leaves (Oryza sativa L.)
    Shigeru Tamogami, Munenori Suzuki, Hiroaki Toshima, Morifumi Hasegawa, ...
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 225-227
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.225
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    A dipeptide conjugate of jasmonic acid, [N-(−)-jasmonoyl]-L-alanyl-L-leucine, was prepared and its biological activities were investigated. The conjugate was active in the emission of linalool from rice leaves, while [N-(−)-jasmonoyl]-D-alanyl-L-leucine was not. Neither conjugate was active in the production of sakuranetin. This is the first report of a biologically active dipeptide conjugate of jasmonic acid. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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The Society Award Lectures (summary)
  • Mode of Action of Nonsteroidal Ecdysone Agonists, Diacylhydrazine Analogs
    Chieka Minakuchi
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 228-229
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.228
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    The binding affinity of insect molting hormone agonists, N-tert-butyl-N,N′-diacylhydrazine (DAH) analogs, against the molting hormone receptor proteins (EcR/USP) was measured. For the lepidopteran Chilo suppressalis, the receptor-binding activity of DAH analogs correlated linearly with their molting hormonal activity (in vitro) and insecticidal activity (in vivo). The binding activity of DAH analogs of C. suppressalis EcR/USP was higher than that of the dipteran Drosophila melanogaster EcR/USP. The binding activity of EcR/USP changed little when USP was exchanged between C. suppressalis and D. melanogaster. These results suggest that the selective toxicity of DAH analogs toward Lepidoptera is caused by the difference in the structure of EcR, not by that of USP. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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  • Molecular Mechanism of Selective Toxicity of Neonicotinoids
    Masaru Shimomura
    2005 Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 230-231
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.30.230
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    Actions of neonicotinoids on wild-type and mutant α7 nicotinic receptors were investigated using voltage-clamp electrophysiology to elucidate the mechanism underlying the selectivity of neonicotinoids to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It was found that when neonicotinoids bind to the receptor, the nitro group is located close to loops D and F, which was supported by the models of the agonist binding domain of the α7 nicotinic receptor. Structural features of Drosophila Dα2 subunit involved in interactions with imidacloprid were also studied using chimeras as well as mutant α subunits. The results suggested that the region loop B to the N-terminus, along with loop C, contributes to the selective interactions. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
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PART II (IN JAPANESE)
The Society Award Lecture
Original Articles (with abstracts in English)
Abstracts for Original Articles
Commentary
Minireviews: New Wave of Research for the Bioactivity of Pesticide
Letter to Members
Symposia
Feature Articles on the 30th Anniversary of the Pesticide Science of Japan
Obituaries
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