Suitable aluminum alloy flange/gasket/bolt, nut and washer combinations, vacuum chambers, bellows, feedthroughs, windows, sputter ion pumps, metal valves and related aluminum alloy vacuum components are developed for the TRISTAN electron-positron storage accelerator in National Lab. for High Energy Physics Japan. Aluminum alloy are preferred as a material for the ultrahigh vacuum system of large storage accelerator and fusion machine because of its extremely low radioactivity and extremely low outgassing rate.
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