This study was done to clarify that the variation of the young panicle formation time and heading time and the varietal differences in these respect by the shifting of sowing time. Three early varieties (Itapua-1, IAC-13, EL Pato) and three medium varieties (Alondra 46, C. 7605, 281/60) were used. These varieties were sown three times; April 10, May 14 and June 15 in 1983.
The results are summarized as follows.
1. The differences between the early and medium varieties were observed clearly on young panicle formation and heading. The early varieties sown in May and June took the longer period till heading than those sown in April. It was considered that this delay in heading was caused by the lower temperature in May and June. And the lower temperature affected both young panicle formation and heading from young panicle formation.
On the other hand, the number of days up to heading of the medium varieties sown in April was the longest compared with those of the varieties sown in May and June. No difference between the medium varieties was observed by the shifting of sowing time in the number of days up to heading from young panicle formation. But the number of days up to young panicle formation sown in May and June decreased. It was considered that the young panicle formation was promoted by the short day length and low temperature.
2. It was clarified that the differences among varieties on number of days from sowing to heading depended on the number of days from sowing to young panicle formation.
3. The time of young panicle formation in the growing period differed among the varieties. On the three early varieties and 281/60, the young panicle formation was observed before the productive stem determination period, and its formation of Alondra 46 and C. 7605 was observed after the productive stem determination period.

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[in Japanese]

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The objective of this study was to indentify the factors which play a significant role in the dry matter and tuber production of Queensland arrow root in Japan and Thailand. The dry matter production of Arrow root was chracterized by the fact that the high LAI which was maintained for a long period of time made up for the low photosynthetic rate, and the high LAI of the productive structures was supported by the good light-intercepting characteristics and high shade tolerance of the plant. The yield productivity of arrow root was not significantly inferior to that of cassava. The dry tuber weight of arrow root steeply rose with the onset of the dry season.

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[in Japanese]

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“The destiny of India is now being shaped in her classrooms. This, we believe, is no more rhetoric-it is educa-tion that determines the level of prosperity, welfare and security of the people.” This is the opening sentence of the Report of the Indian Education Commission in the early sixties. Those years (1960-), when the UN's First Development Decade was launched were the optimistic years.
The Addis Ababa Conference organised by UNESCO laid down a grand plan for the achievement of universal, compulsory and free education by 1980. A conference in Karachi did the same for Asia, and in Santiago for Latin America (while target year was by 1970) .
In this paper, I tried to find the real situation of education in the developing regions-Asia, Africa and Latin America, by observing the educational development in these decades and by refering the problems concerned in each regions.

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