巻号一覧
87 巻 (2010)
- 4 号 p. 155-
- 3 号 p. 75-
- 2 号 p. 33-
- 1 号 p. 1-
87 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1～5を表示しています
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Hiroshi MASUMOTO, Yukio KATORI, Tetsuaki KAWASE, Baik Hwan CHO, Gen MU ...2010 年 87 巻 2 号 p. 33-40
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/02/10
ジャーナル フリーThe main aim of this review is (1) to introduce the two previous studies we published human lower limb anatomy based on the conventional macroscopic anatomical criteria with hazardous recognition of this description, (2) to activate the discussion whether the limb homology exists, and (3) to contribute to future study filling the gap between the gross anatomy and embryology.
One of the topic we discussed was the human persistent sciatic artery. To date, numerous human cases of persistent sciatic artery have been reported in which the anomalous artery was present in the posterior compartment of the thigh alongside the sciatic nerve. As one of the important criteria for assessing the human primitive sciatic artery, its ventral arterial position with respect to the sciatic nerve is reasonable based on the initial positional relationship between ventral arterial and dorsal nervous system and comparative anatomical findings. We also discuss ways of considering the topography of muscles of the lower limb and their innervations compared to those of the upper limb. We propose a schema of the complex anatomical characteristics of the lower limb based on the vertebrate body plan. According to this reasonable schema, the twisted anatomy of the lower limb can be understood more easily.
These two main ideas discussed in this paper will be useful for further understanding of the anatomy of the lower limb and as a sirst step for future. We hope that the future study in lower limb will be further developed by both viewpoints of the classical gross anatomy and recent embryology.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (8081K) -
Munetaka NAITOH, Yutaka SUENAGA, Kenichi GOTOH, Masaki ITO, Shintaro K ...2010 年 87 巻 2 号 p. 41-47
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/02/10
ジャーナル フリーMaxillary sinus septa and bony bridges were observed using dry skulls in childhood, classified based on Hellman’s dental age, to clarify maxillary sinus septum formation.
Eighty-eight maxillary sinuses of 44 dry skulls and a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) unit were used. The locations of the septum, defined as a pointed bony structure originating from the inferior wall, and bony bridge, defined as a bony structure between the maxillary sinus wall and dental germ, were antero-posteriorly recorded, and the superoinferior distance, distance from the bony palate, and angle to the median palatine suture were measured.
The rate of septum presence in the maxillary sinus was high (41.7%) in IIIC, and the septa were located in the deciduous molars, premolars, and molars. Also, all bony bridges were related to the median maxillary sinus wall, and the rate of the maxillary sinus showing a bony bridge was high in IIA and IIIA.
Septum presence in the maxillary sinus was observed in IIA, IIC, IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC of Hellman’s dental age. Also, bony bridges were observed in IC, IIA, IIC, IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC of Hellman’s dental age.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1583K) -
Takashi ARAKAWA, Shogo HAYASHI, Yusuke KINUGASA, Gen MURAKAMI, Mineko ...2010 年 87 巻 2 号 p. 49-58
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/02/10
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate intergender differences in muscle cleavage and joining during development of the external anal sphincter (EAS), we examined semiserial sections of 16 fetuses between 15 and 30 weeks of gestation (6 males and 10 females). The subcutaneous part of the EAS (EASsc) developed along the male perineal raphe and extended posteriorly. Thus, the male EAS was characterized by anterior protrusion of the subcutaneous muscle, in contrast to the almost circular female EAS. In both genders, the bulbospongiosus anlage (or the levator ani anlage) issued muscle fibers to form the superficial (or deep) part of the EAS. The EASsc communicated with the superficial part in males, whereas the female bulbospongiosus tended to communicate with the levator ani rather than the EAS. In both genders, the longitudinal muscle bundle(s) of the anorectum contributed to perineal body formation. However, the male perineal body also had a thick fascia between the rhabdosphincter and the levator. The bulbospongiosus seems to play a critical role in forming the EAS. A strict intergender difference in subcutaneous muscle development is evident along the perineal raphe, as the raphe is not evident in females. These results help to explain variations in the EAS, including anal malformations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (9144K) -
Masamitsu HIROOKA, Osamu IGARASHI, Aya NAGAYASU, Jun MINAGUCHI, Yoshin ...2010 年 87 巻 2 号 p. 59-64
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/02/10
ジャーナル フリーThe arrangement of collagen fibrils and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in substantia propria are important for maintaining transparency of the cornea. Interferences in collagen fibrils and GAG production could be adversative to corneal integrity. In this study, six dogs consisting of four Beagles with normal cornea (normal), one Beagles with opaque cornea (sample No.1) and one Shih Tzu with neovascularization opaque cornea (sample No.2) were used. All samples were observed morphologically by light and electron microscopes to obtain diameter and distribution of collagen fibrils in substantia propria and were performed biochemically to investigate into GAGs and collagen types. The average diameter of collagen fibrils in the intact cornea of normal, sample No.1 and No.2 was 33.2, 35.0 and 25.0 nm, respectively. The percentage of matrix per unit area was 67% in normal, 87% in sample No.1 and 28.3% in sample No.2. The type III collagen ratio was 25.3% in normal, 21.3% in sample No.1 and 35.8% in sample No.2. The relative amount of heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and keratin sulfate was 1.5, 9.7, 51.1 and 37.7% in normal, 3.3, 26.0, 45.7 and 23.7% in sample No.1 and 1.2, 18.0, 16.6 and 54.1% in sample No.2. Hyaluronic acid was found only in sample No.1 with a relative amount of 1.3%. Since there was some relationship between collagen formation and GAGs composition, it might be speculated that disturbance in arrangement of collagen fibrils and GAG metabolism especially in substantia propria would bring up opacity of the cornea.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2873K) -
Yoshiko MIYAWAKI, Ken YOSHIMURA, Junji SHINDO, Ikuo KAGEYAMA2010 年 87 巻 2 号 p. 65-73
発行日: 2010年
公開日: 2012/02/10
ジャーナル フリーWe observed the external surface and connective tissue cores (CTCs), after exfoliation of the epithelium of the lingual papillae (filiform, fungiform, foliate and vallate papillae) of the common raccoon (Procyon lotor) using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The tongue was elongated and their two-third width was almost fixed. Numerous filiform papillae were distributed along the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and fungiform papillae were distributed between the filiform papillae. Eight vallate papillae that had a weak circumferential ridge were distributed in a V-shape in the posterior part of the tongue and numerous taste buds were observable in the circumferential furrows of vallate papillae. Weak fold-like foliate papillae were observable at the lateral edge in the posterior part of the tongue and a few salivary duct orifices were observable beneath the foliate papillae. An islet-like structure with numerous taste buds, was observable on the deep part of the salivary duct of foliate papillae. Large conical papillae were distributed at the posterior part and root of the tongue. After removal of epithelium, filiform papillae of CTCs were appeared to be a thumb or cone-like main core and associating several finger-like short accessory cores. These cores were surrounded an oval concavity. The main core was situated behind the concavity and associated with accessory cores. CTCs of fungiform papillae were cylinder-like with numerous vertically running ridges and with a few concavities seen at the top of the cores. CTCs of vallate papillae and their surrounded circumferential ridge were covered with numerous pimple-like protrusions. The lingual papillae of Common raccoon’s tongue had morphological feature of carnivore species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5366K)
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