PID control methods are widely applied to process systems such as petroleum and chemical processes. However, most of these systems are difficult to control due to nonlinearities. To address this problem, a database-driven control method has been proposed that learns PID gains asymptotically to a desired reference trajectory in response to changes in the nonlinear system. According to this method, PID control parameters are adjusted at each sampling interval, even when adjustments are not necessary. Therefore, this situation is not necessarily favorable in terms of efficiency and safety. On the other hand, a control performance evaluation index using generalized minimum variance has been proposed, which can quantitatively evaluate control performance. This paper proposes a new database-driven control method that adjusts control parameters only when changes are necessary, using a control performance evaluation index based on generalized minimum variance control that takes into account the reference trajectory. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is quantitatively verified with simulation examples.

As aging infrastructure becomes a growing concern, prioritizing bridge maintenance is crucial, especially for municipalities with limited resources. This study develops a multi-agent simulation model to evaluate the importance of aging bridges, supporting the triage process in bridge maintenance. The simulation model replicates the traffic behavior of residents, which is estimated using Simulated Annealing with actual traffic data. By comparing scenarios where specific bridges are removed, the model quantitatively assesses the impact on residents' travel behavior. The comparison results provide bridge managers with a resident-focused perspective, aiding in more informed triage decisions.

1) In learning clinical skills, there is a problem that the correctness of the training is unknown by self-study. Therefore, we propose a method to recognize the behavior of learners during examination training to develop an examination training system that enables auto-scoring. 2) In this system, the transition of patient's posture during the examination was modeled by the state transition model with reference to the learning evaluation items. We developed a database of transition instructions based on the experiment. 3) The transition instructions include various representations used during the examination, such as those consisting of voice only or voice and motions. The system recognizes noun and verb in the learner's voice and direction vector in motions during the medical examination. 4) We evaluated the voice recognition rate, the result was 99%. And we evaluated the behavior recognition method consist of voice recognition and motion recognition, the result was 90%.

Metacognition refers to the higher brain function that influences learning and beliefs by enabling individuals to objectively recognize and evaluate their own cognitive processes. Traditionally, educational fields have focused solely on evaluating learning abilities. Therefore, this study focused on metacognition as a framework for evaluating both learning abilities and anxiety and negative beliefs in educational fields. We conducted a comparative experiment using mathematical exercises, dividing participants into two groups: one that answered calculation problems and another that answered proof problems. We analyzed the time series of answers collected using a Cognitive Detection Clicker developed by the authors and performed statistical analysis using a metacognitive evaluation scale. The results showed that while the accuracy rate was high for calculation problems, participants' awareness of their answers decreased. On the other hand, while the accuracy rate was low for proof problems, positive beliefs increased. In conclusion, (1) awareness of evaluation decreases in calculation problems, (2) anxiety is actively perceived in proof problems, and (3) the possibility of becoming more proactive in expressing thoughts in both calculation and proof problems was suggested.