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Volume 42 (2004)
- Issue 6 Pages 451-
- Issue 5 Pages 321-
- Issue 4 Pages 259-
- Issue 3 Pages 197-
- Issue 2 Pages 85-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 42, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Kazuhiko NAKAMURAArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 197-206
Published: September 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: July 28, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study examined the effect of attribution training and strategy training on the use of strategies by adolescents with mental retardation. An additional purpose of the present study was to obtain further data on the reported difference in the results of training with a method using an overly easy task (memory-span task) compared to a method using a moderately difficult task with a mix of success and failure outcomes (supra-span task). A total of 45 adolescents participated in the experiment (average age, about 16 years; average IQ, about 55). The experimental design was 2 training methods (strategy training, strategy training+attribution training) ×2 tasks (memory-span task, supra-span task). A recall readiness task was employed in training and in pre-post tests, and a standard sequential memory task that was difficult for the students was used to evaluate the effects of the training. A reliable difference was not found among the groups on the posttest. On the standard sequential memory task, the greatest improvement was observed in the group that had had both strategy training and attribution training with the supra-span task.View full abstractDownload PDF (1152K) -
Phenobarbital and Aspiration : Case Study of a Child With Severe Motor and Intellectual DisabilitiesRisa UEKI, Noriaki AZUMAArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 207-213
Published: September 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: July 28, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present case study was done with a 4-year-old boy with epilepsy and severe motor and intellectual disabilities, who had been given both phenobarbital and sodium valproate since he was born. From birth, he had also experienced aspiration during feeding. Because his seizures were frequent, the phenobarbital was stopped, and a monotherapy of sodium valproate begun. This had the side effect of decreasing the aspiration, which led us to hypothesize that phenobarbital influenced aspiration. Over an 11-month period, divided into 6 stages, the quantity of phenobarbital given to the child, and the days on which aspiration occurred, were recorded. We observed that days with aspiration were the days in which phenobarbital was given, and that there was a strong dose-response relationship. The adjustability of the influence of phenobarbital on aspiration was medically supported. These results suggest that the effect of phenobarbital on aspiration should be considered in children whose aspiration is apparently not the result of other causes, such as the food ingested, the children's posture and breathing, and the functioning of their mouth.View full abstractDownload PDF (724K) -
Michio KOJIMA, Yukie IKEDAArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 215-224
Published: September 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: July 28, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of the present research was to examine characteristics of the self-understanding of adults with mental retardation, using their own self-descriptions, rather than alternative questions or a multiple-choice format. Participants were 24 adults with mental retardation (15 men, 9 women; average age, 24.2; age range, 16.9-45.0), and 64 adults without mental retardation (34 men, 30 women) of the same average chronological age (average age 24.9; range, 16.6-46.3). Compared to the adults without mental retardation, the participants with mental retardation found it more difficult to answer all the questions about their self-understanding, especially the questions about what they liked, what they disliked, and their self-definition ("Who am I?"). However, they were able to answer easily questions about their good points and bad points, which indicates some progress in self-understanding. No significant differences were found when the participants with mental retardation were divided by gender or chronological age (higher and lower), but the group with higher mental age (8-13 years) could understand the questions about their dislikes more easily than could the group with lower mental age (6-7 years).View full abstractDownload PDF (1009K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 225-235
Published: September 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: July 28, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 237-242
Published: September 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: July 28, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (783K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 243-248
Published: September 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: July 28, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (851K)
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