In this paper, we study the evaluation of the restrictions of the slab edge at the excitation point. It was shown that restrictions of the slab edge depend on the frequency by the reflected wave. As a result, Driving point impedance analyzed within impact time was regarded as the value measured by a single frequency. It was confirmed that the change of driving point impedance analyzed in impact time corresponds to that of the average vibration velocity of slab. Therefore.the heavy weight floor impact sound level is predicted by using the change in impedance depending on frequency. The prediction value corresponds to measured value at 125,250Hz(1/1 Oct.).

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This study aims at characterizing flow feature specific to wind over the buildings and air flows in cross-ventilated and air-conditioned rooms based on instantaneous velocity measurement and analysis. Attention was focused upon similarities and differences of these airflows and data were analyzed from viewpoints of temporal and spatial fluctuations. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The energy spectra of these different airflows contain some region of wavenumber to obey exponential decay of k^<-5/3> variation. 2) The major contributions to the energy spectra of the wind over the buildings and cross ventilation are revealed at the range with frequencies less than 0.1Hz. 3) The rapid decay of energy spectra of air flows in cross-ventilated and air-conditioned rooms is represented at the range with frequencies more than 4Hz. 4) The main contributions to the energy spectra of wind over the buildings and cross ventilation are revealed at the range with frequencies from 0.01 to 0.1Hz. On the other hand, the contribution of airflow in air-conditioned rooms arises at the range with frequencies from 0.1 to 1Hz. 5) The concentrations to the energy spectra are shown at the range with wavenumbers from 0.01 to 0.1 rad/m in the case of wind over the building and at the ranges from 0.1 to 1 rad/m and from 1 to 10 rad/m in the cases of air flows in cross-ventilated and air-conditioned rooms respectively.

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Effective diffusion coefficients of various building materials and adsorbents were evaluated by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) test. The effective diffusion coefficients of various VOCs at various temperatures can be calculated from one porosimetry test. The main advantage of MIP test is to be able to calculate the effective diffusion coefficient in a short time, while other methods require a much longer time to reach steady state. The results were in the same order of magnitude, but the effective diffusion coefficients obtained by MIP test are generally larger than the other.

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The concentrations of formaldehyde and the ventilation rates were measured in an experimental house for two years. The emission rates from the materials were separately measured by using of a small chamber. It was found that the concentrations in the house was increased during the summer season. The total emission amount in the ventilated room was about 10 times as large as that in the non-ventilated room. The emission rates from the materials in the ventilated room were 70% of those from the materials in the non-ventilated room. Emission from particle board was lasted for two years experiment.

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The aim of this research is the removal effect of nitrogen-oxide by plant adsorption and the influence of rainfall. In this study, to measure the plant sorption amount of the nitrogen oxides, plants were exposed to the environmental concentration level of NOx in the chamber, and the removal effects of plant was evaluated as a NOx absorption amount calculated by measurement data of mass balance in the chamber system. As a result, over 50% of NOx was adsorbed to the plant surface. As the 2^<nd> experiment, the amount of NOx adsorption was measured and examined by the field experiment. To estimate the removal effect of NOx adsorption by rain, simulation of rainfall onto plants was undertaken and the NOx quantity of the flushed rainwater was measured.

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The aim of this study is to clarify the effects of thermal storage system in midnight using the waste heat and midnight electric power, and to propose the new floor heating system using the thermal characteristics on external insulated houses. On numerical simulation of conditionally specified model, the results were as follows; (1) It was possible to maintain the room temperature and floor surface temperature by thermal storage in midnight after stopping the floor heating in daytime. (2) The amenity of thermal environment was evaluated by PMV and PPD, and the usefulness of this system was confirmed. (3) It was confirmed that the intermittent heating of approximately 6 hours for a day heating using this system was irrational from the result of radiator output and max output.

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In resent years, the performance of sanitary fixtures has changed to more convenient and more comfortable by the progress of technology and the view point of energy saving. Under these conditions, it is supposed that the characteristic of fixture usage has changed in comparison with before. We have advanced the development of calculating method for cold and hot water supply demands based on the fixture usage in the time series through a day. This method is adaptable to office buildings by setting up the calculating model. Therefore, we carried out the investigation about office worker's presence. Also, we measured cold and hot water consumption and temperature in toilets, hot water service rooms and restaurants, and what's more, measured frequency of sanitary fixtures usage in toilets in three office buildings. These measurements were carried out at four seasons over a year and all data were recorded in every one-minute by using flow meters, pulse recorders and some sensors. In this paper, we analyzed the state of office worker's presence and daily, hourly and instantaneous loads of water consumption in each usage. From the results, we clarified the latest tendency of cold and hot water consumption in toilets, hot water service rooms and restaurants in the office buildings.

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This paper describes a simulation model for predicting end-use energy in residential sectors at a city or region. In this model, the energy consumption of a house is simulated in consideration of the lifestyle, weather data, and energy efficiencies of appliances. By summing up the simulation results for various household types and residential types, total energy consumption for the residential sector at a city can be estimated. Since great portion of residential energy consumption is occupied of the cooling, heating and hot-water supply energy, we include heat load calculation in end-use model. We estimated the total energy consumption in residential sector at Osaka city by using this end-use model and compared the statistics value. And we showed the effect of the energy saving measures quantitatively.

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In this research, firstly, the lighting and sound environments of cafe were investigated. Next, behaviors involving "Chatting with a friend" and "Consulting about a course with a teacher" were investigated, and an experiment to find a volume suitable for the above behaviors under two kinds of lighting environment was done in the laboratory. The results of the experiment were as follows. 1. The suitable sound level was higher for "Consulting about the course with a teacher" behavior than "Chatting with a friend" behavior, and the individual variation of the former was more remarkable. 2. Significant influences of behaviors and types of sound were found on the suitable and permissible sound levels, however the influence of interior brightness was not found. 3. The suitable sound level for "Chatting with a friend" behavior exceeded the permissible sound level for "Consulting about the course with a teacher" behavior, varying according to the brightness and the type of sound, so it has been determined that it is difficult to set suitable sound levels for both behaviors.

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By a series of research in the past, we had endeavored to clarify the sense of time which could be perceived by humans. For this paper, we conducted a laboratory experiment on the condition of the controlled environment, because of the necessity for further consideration to be taken to the relations between the sense of time and the places that it takes place within. As a method for the experiment, we selected 19 places with diverse attributes, and recorded the information of visuals and sounds at each place. Sequentially, we provided these records to each of 30 subjects in the laboratory. In the experiment, we evaluated 3 elements of the subject's responses; the state of feeling, the image of places by the SD method and the sense of time. Consequently, we obtained the same results as in previous research that had been carried out outdoors.

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Intensities of energy consumption and CO_2 emission based on 2000 input/output table in Japan are calculated. These intensities include extension effect and fixed capital formation. The result shows that CO_2 emission from construction sector is 43% of total CO_2 emission in Japan. Next result shows that intensities of CO_2 emission of construction sector per floor area are almost same as those in 1995. Moreover, the breakdown of CO_2 emission of construction sector is investigated. The emission from cement production and transportation are accounted for large rate of whole emission due to construction. Finally, 'Eco Efficiency' is defined as construction cost per CO_2 emission (yen/kg-CO_2) for building assessment index.

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In simulating heating and cooling loads of dwellings, influence of occupant indoor thermal environment control behavior on ON/OFF of air conditioner is an important parameter. We surveyed the usage of air conditioner in living rooms and bedrooms to study the relationship between thermal environment and the occurrance of air conditioner ON/OFF control. The results are as follow: (1) The average indoor temperature at the time of ON control is about 30.9℃. (2) It is supposed that occupants customarily switch on air conditioner in the morning and before night time even when it is slightly hot but within the endurance level, while they spare air conditioner during daytime and evening when the number of occupants decreases.(3) At night, occupants require high quality indoor thermal environment and switch on air conditioner customarily. (4) When the setting temperature of air conditioner is 1℃ higher, the indoor temperature at the time of ON control is observed to raise by about 1-2℃. (5) OFF control depends more on life schedule compared to thermal environment.

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The funding method by issue of bond founded on the benefits by a project had been proposed. In this paper, quantitative evaluation of the risk for the proposed funding method was discussed. Based on the evaluation method of the risk premium for large earthquakes proposed, a model project, which retrofitted the existing old wooden houses so that the fire extension could be avoided, was examined quantitatively. Since the risk premium of the model project was not seriously high, the economic liability of each citizens remained payable. Through examinations it was concluded that the funding method by issue of bond was realistic from the point of view of an investing public, municipalities that would promote urban policy and each citizens.

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The purpose of this research is to clarify and systematize characteristics of sustainable design methods and sustainable buildings in European countries and in Japan. 650 samples are collected and 135 samples are analyzed through the multi-variable analysis using quantification method type3. As a result, three main factor axes which characterize design methods are lead. 1. Technology vs. Social axis, 2. Long life span vs. High circulation axis, 3. Economics vs. History and Climate axis. Next, using these factor axis characteristics of sustainable building are analyzed with the samples. Characteristics by regions, by building types and by building scale are clarified.

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This paper estimates the total amount of CFCs and HCFCs involved in insulation foams within all existing buildings in Japan by using two kinds of database. The database of remained amount of fluorocarbons that was obtained in the previous paper (Part 1) is revised by revising initial concentration data of CFCs and HCFCs in hard polyurethane and extruded polystyrene insulation foams. The other one, that is a database of total stock of insulation foams, is obtained by shipment statistics of insulation foams, loss ratio on construction site and demolishing ratio for elapsed years. The transitions of remained amount of fluorocarbons from 2002 to 2022 (every 5 years) are also estimated and the Mass-Balances of CFCs and HCFCs in all insulation foams are obtained.

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