The objective of this study was to validate the scaling laws for the combustion efficiency of a compartment fire with small openings. Two full-scale tests and one quarter-scale test were conducted by using compartments with dimensions of 2.4 m × 3.6 m × 2.4 m and 0.6 m × 0.9 m × 0.6 m, respectively.
 Including our previous test results, the measured combustion efficiencies in the full- and quarter-scale compartments showed good agreement, and it was confirmed that the scaling laws for combustion efficiency are effective for full-scale compartment fires when the scale ratio is at a quarter-scale or higher.

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 This study was carried out about influential factors for measurement results of the reduction of floor impact sound pressure level (ΔL) with wooden floating floor in laboratory and the application to actual buildings. First, experimental study was conducted to investigate about influence for insulation performance by peripheral treatments and the critical parts of wooden floating floor. Next, the difference of ΔL results measured on two different thickness slabs were viewed. At the last, to predict insulation performance in actual floor from ΔL in laboratory, application methods considering conditions in site (assuming installation area, restriction and ceiling) were investigated.

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 This paper describes results of a numerical simulation and an exergy analysis focusing on the influence of piping thermal insulation on thermal comfort and resource consumption related to hot water floor heating during night time. In a case, pipe length is 1m indoor and 4m outdoor, changing from polyethylene foam 10mm to urethane foam 30mm can reduce warm exergy consumption within the pipe from the boiler to the inlet of the floor in 68%. At the same time, the seasonal median of the room air temperature at am 6:00 can be raised from 15.5°C to 20.0°C. Improving thermal insulation of piping increases radiant and convective warm exergy from the floor two times and four times, even if hot water temperature at the outlet of the boiler is the same.

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 In order to evaluate energy saving performance of high performance glass, selective coatings and photovoltaic systems in buildings, spectral solar irradiance data are required. Although solar irradiation data are included in existing hourly weather data, such as reference weather year data for building energy simulation, spectral solar irradiance data are not included in the weather data. In this paper, a simplified regression formula that estimates spectral global solar irradiance under all weather conditions from three weather parameters, such as global solar irradiation, air temperature, and humidity, is presented. Coefficients of this regression formula to convert global solar irradiation into spectral global solar irradiance were determined by considering dependency of clearness index, air-mass and precipitable water.

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 The actual cooling load of underground stations in recent years has been much lower than the designed load thirty years ago. Therefore, it is important to estimate the actual load in the planning of cooling systems. In this study, the cooling load caused by train wind in an underground station was discussed and a field measurement and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation were conducted. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The measurement showed that air volume of the train wind was greatly affected by the train speed and the tunnel structure (single or double track). (2) In the CFD simulation, the train was modeled as a moving body to simulate train wind. The CFD simulation with a pressure loss model in the tunnel could reproduce the measurement. (3) The influence of train wind on the platform cooling system was examined by the CFD simulation in terms of an influence coefficient. In the Shin-Nihombashi station, the influence coefficient was approximately 0.38 in the area connecting to the tunnel while the coefficient was about 0.24 in the center area.

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 As for the studying risk financing for natural disaster, it is necessary to evaluate characteristics of given portfolio composed by building assets using mean-standard deviation diagram as well as financial market. By the previous developed cyclone wind damage modeling for Gujaratstate in India, expected loss (mean) and standard deviation diagram was obtained by cyclone wind damage for 10000 randomly generated portfolio composed by building assets. Using the diagram, risk taker understands their current portfolio location on the diagramand the possibility to improve their portfolio. And the portfolio index was proposed to easily understand the characteristics of portfolio. The portfolio having high portfolio index value tends to locate near the upper boundary of plots on mean-standard deviation diagram.

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 The main objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of energy-saving renovation techniques through passive cooling for urban houses in hot-humid climate of Malaysia. Effects of two strategies, i.e. complete natural ventilation (NV) strategy and partial air conditioning (AC) strategy, were simulated using TRNSYS. The results revealed that indoor thermal comfort was achieved in the complete NV strategy by applying multiple passive cooling techniques that prevented external heat on the outer building envelope and night ventilation, even under heated urban climatic conditions. In the partial AC strategy, reductions of about 45% in the sensible cooling load and about 30% in the latent cooling load compared to the current condition were obtained by insulating inner surfaces of the master bedroom while applying several passive cooling techniques to the other spaces.

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