Temperatures in protected steel structural exposed to fire significantly increase due to cracks or gaps in fire protection damaged by earthquakes or thermal deformation. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to clarify the influence of a partial flaw in fire protection, such as cracks and joint gaps that emulate structural or thermal damage, on the temperature increase of the steel elements. A temperature prediction model for the steel elements with a flaw in fire protection was developed. The thermal invasion through the damage in fire protection was considered in the model and the estimation validity was clarified.

In this report, how sound environment could be affected for psychological well-being of individuals in TOYOTA biophilic space design using VR technology on HMD. Specifically, we confirmed” Pleasantness” impact of natural sound effects, such as bird songs (SN ratio 0dB) on the “naturalness” and” comfort” factors in a relative quiet indoor environment with a sound level 45dB and thermal neutrality. It was found that seats with a large table and wall greenery had impression “facilitating conversation”, “providing a break”, “promoting creativity”, and “relaxation”, this expected to improve workability.

Targeting residents of detached houses, a web based survey was conducted to determine residents' awareness on windows and window treatments and its changes in their environmental adjustment behavior, based on the information provision. Estimate of "openness" in terms of daylighting and solar heat gain for overall satisfaction was 0.68, indicating significant contribution. On the other hand, it also became clear that it is important to properly close window treatments for privacy and solar shading. It was also found that providing information such as opening and closing window treatments on the interior side promotes environmental adjustment behavior for 70-80% of residents.

In this study, the authors focused on passing airflow, which greatly affects the capture performance of local exhaust hood. In this paper, firstly, capture efficiency and spatial distributions of air velocity and contaminant concentration were measured by experiment to understand the capture performance under passing airflow. Especially, the effect of the passing airflow velocity on the capture efficiency was examined with various hood types. In addition, in order to establish a prediction method for capture performance, a simple prediction model of the airflow under the exhaust hood with passing airflow was studied.

In the betwixt mountainous areas, the regional decline accompanying the depopulation and aging has been becoming seriously. The purpose of this study is to curb the dispersion of villages and build a low-carbon society. Regional re-configuration scenarios are developed and evaluated in residential energy consumption by 2050 based on these scenarios. Area downsizing has a certain effect on regional CO₂ reduction, but the effect is small compared with other energy-saving measures. In reference scenario, per capita CO₂ emissions in 2050 will be reduced from 1.6t-CO₂ in 2015 to 0.4t-CO₂ and will even be reduced to 0.1t-CO₂ under the strengthening scenario.

Wind environment at a pedestrian level has been evaluated based on probability density functions and percentile wind speeds. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the effect of the driving force on the probabilistic cha racteristics of the airflow around a simplified urban like array using large eddy simulation. The vertical profiles of skewness and kurtosis as well as probabilistic density functions of velocity compon ents are clearly affected by the driving method above the roughness sublayer. In contrast, they showed similar trends regardless of the driving force in the roughness sublayer, although subtle local differences in the probability density functions are observed.

Working long hours can lead to the accumulation of mental stress and fatigue and thus can result in a decline in concentration at work, which further naturally impairs workplace productivity. Thus, taking breaks at work is particularly important.

Here we attempted to analyze the effects of different rest time and rest light environments on the changes in task performance, physical and psychological quantities by measuring the experimental subjects. We aimed to identify a rest mode that might help improve the intellectual productivity of office workers by combining subjective and objective evaluation methods.