In China, fires with numerous casualties in recent years had led to the development of fire safety codes for elderly nursing homes. The evacuation safety of the subject which conformed to pre-amendment codes was confirmed to be not ensured. To ensure the evacuation safety of the subject, smoke exhaustion systems must be installed in the fire room. In the natural smoke exhaust system, the opening area must be 1/20 of the floor area with an activation remotely or sequenced activation. In this case, the evacuation of the fire floor and the floor below the fire floor are also safe.
The aim of this study is to clarify the effect of the mask wearing in evacuation shelter - analogue setting. A subject experiment was conducted to examine the effects of mask wearing on stress using electrocardiograph and environmental conditions. The subjects completed questionnaires regarding their thermal sensation, comfortability, fatigue, and “perceived difficulty breathing”. As a results, mask wearing increased “perceived difficulty breathing” in the case of hot condition of enthalpy showed higher than 50 kJ/kgDA. In addition, it is found this facilitated an increase in the LF/HF ratio because HF power is decreased with increment of “perceived difficulty breathing”.
We have conducted various studies on methods to prevent contact resonances. It was suggested that the proposed method of the previous studies could be used to estimate carpets and building material tatami. On the other hand, there was a problem with the straw tatami. Therefore, in this paper, we conducted an experimental study on an estimation method that is an extension of the proposed method for vertical and horizontal vibration. As a result, it was shown that by considering the proposed modified estimation methods, the error of the contact resonances can be reduced and estimated even with the straw tatami.
In this study, the effects of partition walls on floor vibration were discussed based on analysis and measurement. Vibration measurements before and after removal of partition walls showed significant differences in response and vibration characteristics. The analysis showed that the effects of the partition walls depend on the vibration modes of the upper and lower floors where the partition walls are attached. It was inferred that partition walls have the effects of increasing effective mass due to the mode change and increasing stiffness due to the resistance elements of the floor, depending on the phase of the connected floors.
The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of chromaticity shift from the Planckian locus duv on the perception of the tinted colour of illumination and the spatial brightness. All 240 conditions with 3 levels of the illuminance, 4 conditions of the correlated colour temperature, 5 levels of duv and 4 patterns of interior reflectance including non-uniform luminance distribution were experimented.
The effect of duv change to the negative side on spatial brightness differed according to the correlated color temperatures, and that was larger in the case of uniform interior reflectance than in the case of non-uniform reflectance.
The thermal insulation performance of ALC panels is affected by the reinforcing steel bars contained within them. In this paper, the influence of reinforcing bars and metal fittings called spacers on the thermal insulation performance of ALC panels is investigated. Measurements were made using the calibrated hot box method on several ALC panels with different conditions of reinforcement bars and spacers, and the measured conditions were reproduced by CFD analysis. It was confirmed that the apparent thermal conductivity obtained by CFD simulations corresponded to measured ones.
By using Radiance and the thermal resistance value between vertical blind and glass, it is possible to calculate the cooling and heating load at any azimuth angle of the vertical blind. We created the 2010s reference weather data from the Tokyo 2010-2019 meteorological data. This time, using the newly created meteorological data, a vertical blind is installed at opening of the office building, and a cooling/heating load simulation is performed by automatic control. As a result, the greatest effect of reducing the cooling load is the minimum heat gain control.
This study aims to evaluation of carrying performance when water saving toilets are connected to drainage pipes in various configurations, and makes use of it for plumbing design. Internationally, ISO 31600:2022 was established as a standard for labeling and performance testing of water-using equipment, including toilets. However, this standard is limited to equipment and do not take into account the waste carrying performance. In this report, carrying performance when the amount of flushing water, the pipe diameter, and the gradient are changed in straight pipe is experimentally identified.
The floating disaster prevention house (FDPH) was proposed, and conclusions about its disaster prevention performance were obtained as follows from this study.
1. The floating unit can perform the floating performance regardless of the slit position and the slit area of the flood wall, flow velocity and elevating speed of the water level.
2. The floating behavior of the floating unit can be reduced at the start of floating by setting up the clearance between the bottom of the flood wall and the floating unit.
3. FDPH is expected to be less susceptible to fluid pressure and drifting objects.