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Volume 102 (1993)
- Issue 6 Pages 355-
- Issue 5 Pages 301-
- Issue 4 Pages 257-
- Issue 3 Pages 161-
- Issue 2 Pages 59-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 102, Issue 5
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Kiyoshi TAKATSU1993Volume 102Issue 5 Pages 301-312
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe inflammatory response is mediated by various cytokines. IL-5 is one of the inflammatory cytokines. The study of IL-5 has its origins in the search for one of the B-cell differentiation factors, named T-cell-replacing factor (TRF), that induces antigen-stimulated B cells to differentiate into antibody-forming cells. Eosinophil-differentiation factor, EDF, is a factor produced by thoracic duct lymphocytes of parasite-infected rats. cDNA cloning and mAb against IL-5 enable us to identify this molecule as a cytokine (TRF/EDF) that has pleiotropic activity on various target cells besides B cells and eosinophils. The pleiotropic activity of IL-5 is directly dependent on the initial binding to the IL-5 receptor (IL-5R) on the target cell surface. IL-5 transduces its signals through high affinity IL-5R which is constructed by two distinct polypeptides, α and β. IL-5Rα binds IL-5 with low affinity and associates with the β chain which can convert low affinity IL-5R to high affinity IL-5R. IL-5Rβ that does not bind IL-5 by itself is essential for the IL-5 signaling and is shared among IL-5R, IL-3R, and GM-CSFR. These results imply why IL-5, IL-3, and GM-CSF are eosinophylopoietin. The truncated IL-5Rα and IL-5Rβ complexes can not transduce IL-5 signals, although they bound IL-5 with high affinity, suggesting that IL-5-specific signaling may be transduced through IL-5Rα.View full abstractDownload PDF (25898K) -
Yoshihisa KUDO1993Volume 102Issue 5 Pages 313-321
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe development of fluorescent Ca2+ indicators, which have made measurement of the dynamic change in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration during biological activity feasible, has allowed correlations to be drawn between biochemical changes within cells and their functions. Recently, many new types of Ca2+ indicators with special merit and also new methods for fluorescence measurement have been published. The present technical review summarizes properties of the newly developed indicators and describes the newly developed methods for measuring intracellular Ca2+ concentration. In particular, examples of image analysis applied to single cells and tissue slice preparations are stated in detail. Furthermore, a newly developed single optical fiber device for making measurements in the deep brain region is also introduced.View full abstractDownload PDF (21567K) -
Keiichi OHYA, Naomi ISHIGE, Shiro MATAKI, Hideaki OGURA1993Volume 102Issue 5 Pages 323-331
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the effect of microtubule inhibitors on the amelogenesis in rat incisor enamel at the maturation stage by the glyoxal bis (2-hydroxyanil) (GBHA) staining method. Several red stripes stained with GBHA appeared on the maturation enamel surface of control rats. Colchicine injection (1.3 mg/kg, s.c.) disarranged the GBHA staining stripes and increased the staining area. The ratio of the GBHA staining area to the maturation enamel surface was about 25 % in the control, but this value increased about 60% at 8 and 24 hr after the colchicine injection. Lumicolchicine, which does not have the ability to disrupt microtubules, did not cause any significant changes in the enamel surface. The incorporation of 45Ca to the maturation enamel was also reduced by colchicine. Since the hypocalcemic action of microtubule inhibitors may be related to the change of the enamel surface, other drugs, sodium salicylate and sodium fluoride, that have a hypocalcemic action were tested. The staining pattern was not altered by these drugs. Therefore, the hypocalcemic action was independent of the changes of the GBHA staining pattern. These results indicated that the disruption of microtubules in the ameloblasts inhibited calcium movement in the maturation enamel, resulting in the disarrangement of the GBHA staining pattern.View full abstractDownload PDF (19835K) -
Osamu YAOKA, Kazumi AOKI, Tsuneyo YAMADA, Tohru NAKAJIMA, Michihide SE ...1993Volume 102Issue 5 Pages 333-342
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of repeated administration of quinapril (10 mg/kg/day) on the development of hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and survival rate were examined, and compared with those of enalapril (10 mg/kg) in salt-sensitive Dahl (Dahl S) rats and 1% saline-loaded stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). The Dahl S rats were treated with the drugs at 10 to 20 weeks of age and the SHRSP, at 8-19 weeks of age. (1) In the Dahl S rats, salt loading rapidly raised systolic blood pressure, which was around 220 mmHg at 10 weeks of age. Both quinapril and enalapril significantly prevented the development of hypertension (below 160 mmHg) and cardiac hypertrophy. Age-associated histopathological alterations in the kidney and mesenteric artery in Dahl S rats were suppressed by the drug treatment. (2) Salt-loaded SHRSP rapidly developed severe hypertension (270 mmHg at 12 weeks of age) accompanied with stroke signs, and 19 animals out of 20 died by the end of the experiment. Both quinapril and enalapril significantly inhibited the age-associated development of hypertension and markedly improved the survival rate (only two animals out of 16 died in both groups). These results suggest that quinapril has protective actions against age-associated development of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy, and as a result, it prolongs the life span.View full abstractDownload PDF (19032K) -
Isami KIMURA, Akemi KAMIYA, Shinobu NAGAHAMA, Junichi YOSHIDA, Hiroyuk ...1993Volume 102Issue 5 Pages 343-350
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have developed a new method that is applicable for a macroscopic and objective evaluation of erosion in the large intestine in the experimental ulcerative colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in rats. The large intestine (without cecum) fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution for more than one week was opened and stained with 1% alcian blue solution. The mucosal surface was stained in light and shade-blue. Histopathological examination revealed that the dark blue area on the mucosal surface had no epithelia and that the connective tissues in the lamina propria were stained with alcian blue. Salazosulfapyridine at 15 and 50 mg/kg twice a day inhibited the erosion area (dark blue area) by 29.6% and 50.2%, respectively. Also, prednisolone at 0.5 mg/kg, twice a day inhibited the erosion by 53.3%. Thus, by measuring the dark blue area stained with 1% alcian blue solution, we could estimate macroscopically and objectively the area of erosions. This method seems to be a useful index for assessing the damages produced in the experimental ulcerative colitis model in rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (23004K)
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