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Volume 66 (1970)
- Issue 6 Pages 607-
- Issue 5 Pages 471-
- Issue 4 Pages 387-
- Issue 3 Pages 293-
- Issue 2 Pages 177-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 66, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Tetsuji HIRONAKA1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 293-303
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The effect of dimorpholamine (DMA) 1.5×10-4g/ml on the neuromuscular junction was studied in the abductor muscle of crayfish walking leg. Excitatory and inhibitory junctional potentials (e. j. p. s. and i. j. p. s.) were induced by a train of 6-8 successive stimuli at a rate of 80-100/sec and were recorded by an intracellular or extracellular electrode.
2) DMA increa s ed the amplitude of intracellularly recorded e. j. p. to 2-4 times the control size. DMA augmented the degree of facilitation of e. j. p. s.
3) DMA increased the input resistance of a muscle fiber by 20-60 %.
4) DMA increased the am plitude of extracellular e. j. p. s. The probability of neuromuscular failure, i. e. the failure of the nerve impulse to set up an extracellular e. j. p., was reduced by DMA.
5) DMA did not produce any remarkable change either in the size of extracellularly recorded spontaneous miniature e. j. p. s, or in the quantum size of extracellular e. j. p. s produced by a repetitive stimulation.
6) The main mechanism of action of DMA to increase the size of e. j. p. is an increase in the amount of excitatory transmitter released from the terminals by nerve impulses. A second mechanism of action of DMA is an increase in membrane resistance of the muscle fiber.
7) Under the action of DMA the amplitude of intracellular i. j. p. was increased by a factor of 1.2-3, while the sensitivity to γ-aminobutyric acid of the postsynaptic membrane did not show any conspicuous change.
8) The main mechanism of action of DMA to augment the i. j. p. size is the increase in membrane resistance of the muscle fiber. It is suggested that the increased output of the inhibitory transmitter from nerve terminals is also involved in the mechanism of action.
9) The possibility th at DMA may affect non-cholinergic synapses in mammalian central nervous system was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (4756K) -
Yasukazu TERADA, Hitoshi ITO1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 304-315
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe toxic agent involved in the extract of rotten short-neck clam was searched by us chemically and pharmacologically, The results are as follows:
1) Tyramine, putrescine, agmatine and cadaverine were produced in it, though histamine was not.
2)Choline was produced in it. Its amount was 1.70-4.25 mg/g.
3) The antagonistic manner of atropine or benadryl against to the intestinal contraction of a guinea pig caused from the serosal side in vitro by this extract was similar to that against to the choline action.
4) The rotten extract induced the contraction of a guinea pig alimentary tract from its mucosal side in vivo.
5) Choline induced the contraction of a guinea pig alimentary tract from its mucowl side in vivo with the concentration of 1.70-4.25 mg/ml.
6) The quantity of feces excreted from a guinea pig increased without delay after oral administration of 5 ml of that rotten extract, but returned to the normal quantity in 5 hours.
From the above data, the agent of the food poisoning caused by rotten short-neck clam is considered to be choline in it.View full abstractDownload PDF (5085K) -
Eiji ITOGA, Tamotsu MIYAKE1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 316-325
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Selye's granuloma pouch method of anti-inflammatory assay was improved by injecting nitrogen gas instead of air for making a subcutaneous pouch in the back of the rat. Croton oil inflamed exdation in the nitrogen-pouch was much greater in the exudate volume and apparently smaller in the variance of individual volume when compared with the croton oil exudation in the air-pouch. Accordingly, the precision of antiexudation assay was improved. It was further demonstrated that the previously reported formalin-filterpaper-pellet method could be additionally applied in the rats bearing the nitrogen-pouch exudation, so that the simultaneous measurements of anti-granulation and anti-exudation activities of the test compound were available. Structure-activity relations of various pregn-4-ene derivatives were reinvestigated by the above method, and it was concluded that anti-exudation activities of steroidal compounds did not necessarily corelate with their anti-granulation activities: antiexudation activity of progesterone was increased by 17α-hydroxylation but decreased by 21-hydroxylation, and the coexistence of 11β-OH and 21-OH was needed for the manifestation of granuloma inhibition and of adrenal and thymus involution.View full abstractDownload PDF (4698K) -
Kenji TASAKA1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 326-341
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvaluation of the pressure-detecting system should be given in terms of both static and dynamic accuracy. Stablility, lineality, sensitivity, and error of the system were discussed in relation to static accuracy. Frequency characteristics is most important in dynamic accuracy. Because of technical difficulty in determining frequency characteristics by steady-state movements in the high frequency area, a substitute method was developed theoretically. Modification of the method applied to the calculation of frequency response and phase lag of the system in damped oscillation was adequate to calculate frequency characteristics. The method applicable both in critically damped and slightly over-damped system was also mentioned.View full abstractDownload PDF (7407K) -
Kenji TASAKA1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 342-350
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to find out some suitable materials for making airfilled balloon from a variety of polymeric substances, the present experiment was performed. Considering the chemical and physical properties of the materials, polyurethanes, Polypropylene, Polyethylene and polyvinylidine copolymer (Saran) were chosen.
High frequency characteristics were generally seen in the polyurethanes, but air-leaking hindered the use of the materials except E. C. D. which was the most statisfactory material in the present experiment, because of ease of fabrication, low permeability to air and high frequency characteristics. Lineality, low permeability to air, and very high frequency characteristics were seen in Saran. However, a slight hysteresis was noticed in small size balloon. Polypropylene and Polyethylene were available in the film and heat sealing was necessary for making the balloon. Although this may explain partly the reason for the low frequency characteristics, 5 % flat ranges for these two materials were up to 6.3 and 1.2c.p.s., respectively. Polyethylene gave the third order response to the square wave pressure change.View full abstractDownload PDF (4603K) -
Taiji YOSHINO1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 351-358
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe interlimb dorsal root reflex has not been described yet in the literature. As diazepam increased the segmental dorsal root reflex, it was utilized for discussion whether the interlimb dorsal root reflex exists. Both long dorsal and ventral root reflexes of the spinal cord were most strikingly observed on the im-mobilized un-anesthetized preparation. When the long dorsal root reflex was clearly observed, diazepam increased it further, and even when it was difficult to be observed, the compound strengthened it. On the contrary, the long ventral root reflex was depressed. Oxazepam showed the same action as diazepam. Therefore, the interlimb reflexes are present on the dorsal site (afferent) as well as on the ventral site (efferent). Its appearance, however, in part, seems to depend on the activities of the supraspinal mechanisms. It is thought that the mentioned reflex plays some un-negrigible roles concerning the motor and sensory activities, and contributes greately to their modification with the drugs. Oxazepam is a new diazepamlike drug.View full abstractDownload PDF (3915K) -
Tomitaro KITA, Taeko HATA, Tetsuo MURAKAMI1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 359-365
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEl-mice were found to have a biorhythm in inducing the convulsive seizure, in which the threshold of shaking-number for convulsion (abbreviated TSC) showed the maximum value every 4 to 5 months.
Inducing the El-convulsion has no connection with the atmospheric pressure.
When TSC was larger, the propagation of the convulsion between 2 El-mice arrised easily, electroshock threshold of El-mice was smaller than that of dd-mice, and the threshold in the convulsion induced by N-methyl D-aspartic acid falled in a aggregated condition.
It will be a suggestion to discuss on the mechanism of convulsive seizure.View full abstractDownload PDF (2988K) -
Akihide KODA, Eiji KATSUTA, Shigekatsu WATANABE, Mizuo MIZUNO1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 366-378
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnti-allergic effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts made from 32 kinds of chinese drugs, which have been usually used as a remedy for the diseases regarded as the allergic symptoms in chinese medicine, were investigated, and the following results were obtained.
1) The amount of anaphylactic mediator released from the chopped tissue of sensitized guinea pig lung challenged with the specific antigen was decreased by 20 to 40 per cent by the aqueous extracts of Achyrantis R., Asiasari R., Cinnamomi C., Ehedrae H., Fel Bosii and Magnoliae F. and the alcoholic extract of Montan C., and also decreased by more than 40 per cent by the aqueous extracts of Aurantii immaturi F. and Sinomenii R. and the alcoholic extracts of Asiasari R., Aurantii immaturi F. and Ephedrae H., and conversely, increased by more than 30 per cent by the aqueous extracts of Alismatis Rh., Amomi S., Bupleuri R. and Gentianae scabrae R. and the alcoholic extracts of Achyranthis R., Corni F. and Dioscoreae R.. The other extracts did not show remerkable effect on the release of mediator.
2) Anti-histaminic and anti-total mediator effects of the extracts in which the amount of the mediator release was found less than 80 per cent were determined in isolated ileum of guinea pig. By the aqueous extracts of Asiasari R. and Sinomenii R. anti-histaminic effect was observed at the rate of about 30 and 20 per cent respectively, and by the aqueous extract of Sinomenii R. anti-total mediator effect was observed at the rate of about 40 per cent. The other extracts scarecely showed these effects.
3) pH values of the extracts which inhibited the release of anaphylactic mediator were measured. In a concentration of the extract acted on the chopped lung tissue, pH values which may influence release of the mediator were not observed.
4) The moderate fractionation for the concentration of effective components from the extracts in which the amount of the mediator release was found less than 80 per cent was attempted. Fractions more active than original extracts were obtained from the aqueous extracts of Asiasari R., Ephedrae H., Magnoliae F. and Sinomenii R. and the alcoholic extract of Ephedrae H.View full abstractDownload PDF (5516K) -
—Especially Effects of Formalin, Cortisone and ACTH—Masafumi KOBAYASHI, Tetsuo NIINOH, Michio ISHIDA, Yukio ISHIDA1970 Volume 66 Issue 3 Pages 379-385
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently writers in laboratory have shown that certain adaptation syndrome induced from formalin treatment disappeared almost with MAOI 5HTP or ACTH.
Such effect of ACTH may be played in the relation with cortisone, while the effects of MAOI or 5HTP are considered into the category of central action.
Therefore first aim of present study was undertaken to determine whether adrenalectomized rats are resistible against formalin stress.
Furthermore second and third aim of present study were carried out to find in adrenalectomized rats whether adaptation syndrome reappears with administration of cortisone and whether extra-adrenal action is drawn out with administration of ACTH.
Liver glycogen and blood glucose were determined as the chemical parameter of adaptation syndrome.
The results were as the following.
1) Liver glycogen of rats was decreased with adrenalactomy. The result suggests that glucocorticoidal action does not be bronght in adrenalectomized rats and therefore effects of the hypoglycogenesis are due to the exhaustion.
2) Liver glycogen was increased with each successive injections of formalin, cortisone or ACTH. These results suggest that stress is induced with independent administration of formalin, cortisone or ACTH.
3) Liver glycogen was decreased signifficantly with successive treatment of formalin in adrenalectomized rats. Such effects of formalin on the hypoglycogenesis of rats induced in adrenalectomy displays exhaustion; in fact rats were not able to respond to an additional stimilus.
4) Chronic administration of cortisone or ACTH did not bring remarkable alterations of liver glycogen in the adrenalectomized compared with intact rats. These results suggest that exogenous cortisone and ACTH induced glucocorticoidal action and such extra-adrenal action as related to sextual organs or hyperactivity of adipose tissue glycogen deposition.
5) Blood glucose of the adrenalectomized rat did not be affected under the condition used in present experiment.View full abstractDownload PDF (3234K)
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