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Volume 51 (1955)
- Issue 6 Pages 631-
- Issue 5 Pages 515-
- Issue 4 Pages 359-
- Issue 3 Pages 209-
- Issue 2 Pages 79-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 51, Issue 3
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Kikuo OGIU, Hiroshi TAKAGI, Masao MORITA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 209-217,en19
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe quaternary bases examined were magnocurarine, laurifoline chloride and dauricine dimethiodide, isolated from Magnolia obovata, Cocculus laurifolius DC. and Menisperumum dauricum DC. respectively, which were tested for the curare-like activities on the frog's rectus abdominis with referenes in evaluation to ACh-, C10- as well as KCl doseresponse curves. Vagostigmin (prostigmine methylsulfate) was used as the antagonistic agent to these alkaloids, and the relation between these alkaloids and the ChE-activity of rabbits was studied in vitro where ChE activity was determined by titration after Hall and Lucas's method. Result : Curare-like action was proved in magnocurarine and laurifoline which was about one-tenth to one-twentieth as active as tubocurarine and vagostigmin was found also a potent antagonist to both alkaloids. This mode of action of vagostigmin is mainly based on its inhibitory effect on the ChE-activity and partially on its competitive ability to the receptor of neuromuscular junction. Dauricine was almost the same as active as tubocurarine, while the mode of curarelike action was not the same, unlike the above-mentionedmagnocurarine and laurifoline ; thereby vagostigmin antagonized imperfectively the action of dauricine, probably because dauricine had itself the ChE inhibitory action and so depressed the same action of vagostigmin. C10 had the ACh-like action on the frog's rectus abdominis, -under the effect of which the stimulant effect of ACh on the neuromuscular junction of the same muscle was not abolished, even if after ACh had been washed out from the preparation. This result indicated that C10 might induce the cumulation of ACh effect on the striated muscle preparation.View full abstractDownload PDF (5588K) -
Chieko ATSUJI1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 218-228,en19
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty derivatives of cinchona-alkaloids were tested for their activity against fibrillating ventricle under continued faradization. 1) Ethylapoquinine chloride possesses a very potent antifibrillatory activity : The compound, caused, in concentrations of 1 : 30, 000-50, 000, a complete reversion from ventricular fibrillation to a normal sinus rhythm, while ethylapoquinine, quinine and quinidine were found to be effective as to cause slight reduction of fibrillation under the same experimental conditions. Quinine chloride and quinidine chloride were also more effective than the respective parent alkaloids. Cinchonine chloride, cinchonidine and quinotoxin were found to be less effective. Quinine sulfonic acid, quitenine, hydrochloroquinine, cinchonine, cinchonidine sulfonic acid, apoquinine, optochin, optochin-chloromethylate, quininetetrasulfate, cinchonidine tetrasulfate, all were found to be far less effective. 2) Ethylapoquinine chloride is less toxic than quinine and quinidine for mice. 3) Acetylquinidine is as active in stopping the fibrillation as ethylapoquinine chloride, but the former is far toxic than the latter for animals.View full abstractDownload PDF (6073K) -
Shoji SHIBATA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 229-235,en20
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Toxicological studies of coriamyrtin were performed on mice and frogs. The characteristic symptoms were the clonic and tetanic convulsion similar to those of picrotoxin. 2) No significant effects were observed on the frog heart in situ, sino-auricular preparation of toad, auricular muscle strip, intestine, uterus and ear vein, latter four of which had been isolated from rabbits. Likewise, there was no special result with regard to the oxygen consumption of rabbit brain slices. 3) With the intravenous injections of 0.1 to 0.2mg/kg, the carotid blood pressure. of rabbit was raised markedly and kept at this level for about 15 to 20 min., while in the range of those doses, convulsion was not observed, and neither vagotomy nor atropinization modified the rise of blood pressure. 4) The pressor action of coriamyrtin was prevented by the previous administration of synaptolytics as well as adrenolytics. 5) Similar effects were also observed on the blood pressure of cat ; but in the spinal cat, neither a rise of blood pressure nor a typical convulsion were observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (4056K) -
Report 2. Anesthetic action on nerve-trunksKoichi TESHIMA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 236-253,en20
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were made on local anesthetic activities of anti-histaminic drugs (restamin, pyribenzamine, anergen and anahist) on the cardiac nerve and sciatic nerve of toads. 1) When anti-histaminic drugs were locally applied in order to block the nerve conductivity, their efficacy was listed in the following order : Anergen> Restamin>Pyribenzamine>Anahist. Autonomic nerve fibers are less resistantthan motoric against the anti-histaminic drugs. The vagal nerve is anesthetized more quickly than the sympathetic. 2) Local anesthetic activities of anti-histaminic drugs are more intensive at pH 7.2 than at 6.6. 3) An increase in potassium contents of Ringer's solution accelerates the anesthetic action of these drugs, while an increase in calcium rather retards it. 4) The anesthetic action is intensifiedwith hyaluronidase. The intensity is more markedly demonstrated at 30°C than 20°C. 5) Local anesthetic activities of anti-histaminic drugs seem to be intensified by the additional local admi nistrations of anesthetics. 6) A combination of two anti-histaminic drugs substantially increases their anesthetic actions. 7) In many pharmacological respects antihistaminic drugs have analogous acti ons to the ordinary local anesthetics.View full abstractDownload PDF (6615K) -
Kazuko HATTORI1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 254-262,en20
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of such cardiac substances as digitalis and other glycosides on the activity of cholinesterase were scrutinizied. An infusion of digitalis leaves, a solution of digitoxin, that of digitoxigenin, digitalin, digitalein, g- and k-strophanthin, all inhibited the activity of cholineesterase on acetylcholine acting on the M. rectus abdominis of frogs. Those inhibitory effects of the drugs did not run parallel with the cardiac action and especially was not in accordance with their action to the pulse rate. Therefore it may be justified that the action of digitalis to retard a pulse rate will result not from its inhibitory action against cholinesterase but rather from the direct stimulation to the vagus-endings in the heart.View full abstractDownload PDF (1397K) -
Tsukumo SATO1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 263-273,en21
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive chemotherapeutic agents against tuberculosis were administered in comparatively large doses by stomach tube to rats or injected intramuscularly, and the respiratory gaseous metabolism of the animals was measured. The effects of the drugs appeared for the most part one hour after the administration. In a word, it can be said that sodium p-amino-salicylate, streptomycin sulfate, and dihydrostreptomycin sulfate should restrain the respiratory gaseous metabolism of rats and p-acetylaminobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone and isonicotinic acid hydrazide should accelerate it.View full abstractDownload PDF (1852K) -
Decomposition of procaineYoshiki NISHIYAMA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 274-287,en21
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The decomposition of procaine by human plasma is markedly inhibited by cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors. 2) Mutual inhibition is observed between procaine and acetylcholine. 3) The existence of both procaine esterase (PrE) and ChE is closely related to α- and β-globulin fractions. 4) The activity of PrE is inhibited by divalent cations, such as Mn++ or Mg++, but that of ChE is accelerated by them. 5) In various mammalian plasmas no analogous relationship is observed between the order of PrE activity and ChE activity. 6) PrE and ChE resemble to each other in various points, although they are different in some respects.View full abstractDownload PDF (2817K) -
(Report 2). Effects of eserine and prostigmine on the actions of procaineYoshiki NISHIYAMA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 288-297,en21
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Toxicity of procaine in mice is markedly increased when pretreated with prostigmine, but it is very slightly influenced with eserine. 2) The distribution of a mouse is almost the same irrespective of the kinds of pretreatment. 3) Procaine esterase activities of organs of a mouse are found decreased following the administration of prostigmine or eserine. 4) The tissue respiration of the slices of a mouse's brain cortex or liver is decreased by procaine of a high' concentration. Eserine or prostigmine, if employed alone, accelerates the 02 uptake of the tissue. 5) A rabbit's blood pressure drops, and it's respiration is decreased following the administration of procaine intravenously. Eserine stimulates respiration, while prostigmine depresses it. 6) The difference of the effects on the toxicity of procaine between prostigmine and eserine seems due to their own specific actions on respiration.View full abstractDownload PDF (7571K) -
On the influences of potassium iodide (KI) isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INAH) and para-amino-salicylic acid (PAS) on the chick embryoAtsushi YAMADA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 298-318,en22
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA slight inhibition in the development of chick embryo was noted with the injection of KI solution into developing hens' eggs, especially with the injection of highly concentrated solution. No malformation of embryo was recorded, and the eggs hatched perfectly with the exceptions in the cases with 20 mg and 30 mg of KI. The excretion of I into the allantoic fluid was found poor. The highest rate of excretion was 37.5% recorded in the case received the injection of 500γ of KI on the 15th day. In the cases with the injection of 10 mg of KI, the contents of I in the brain, heart and liver were found increased by the above order compared with those of the untreated control cases, and the weight of each of the above organs was also found increased. When developing hens' eggs were injected with 5mg of KI combined with 1.5mg of INAH or with 10mg of PAS-Na salt, the development of the chick embryo and the excretions of I, INAH and PAS into the allantoic fluid were inferior compared with those in the cases of their single administrations. As to the histological findings of the liver, regressive degenerations such as vacuolar degeneration, fatty degeneration and necrosis of the hepatic cells were recognized in the cases treated with KI exceeding 1 mg.View full abstractDownload PDF (10737K) -
Takenobu HONGO1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 319-326,en22
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAdrenaline (20γ/cc) was added to the nutrient solution of the in vitro cultures of heart and liver tissues delivered from chicken embryos in Cartel's bottles. At 18 and 36 hours after incubation adrena-line remaining unchanged in the solution were assayed by biological method with non-pregnant uterus of rats. Results : 1) The in activation of adrenaline was inhibited, when it was added to the cultures containing plasma of fowls, extract of chicken embryos and Ringer's solution. 2) The in activation of adrenaline was inhibited markedly by the growing tissue cultures. 3) This inhibiting effect on the in activation of adrenaline was never observed when the growth of the tissue cultures had been checked by As2O3 or HgCl2. 4) The in activation of adrenaline in the solution arranged at pH 6.4 by phosphate buffer was markedly inhibited.View full abstractDownload PDF (9608K) -
On the influence of streptomycin (SM) and potassium iodide (KI) on the chick embryoToshio KAWAKITA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 327-347_3,en22
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy the combined administration of dihydrostreptomycin and KI or single administrations of these two substances into the developing hen's eggs, the author investigated the influences of SM and KI on the development of chick embryo, the excretions of SM and KI into its allantoic fluid and the distribution of I in the cardinal organs, and conducted the histological examinations on the liver of the chick embryo. Conclusions were drawn as follows : 1) The development of chick embryo was roughly similar to that of the controls except that it was slightly inhibited in the case received the injection of 40 mg of SM. No malformation was observed, and though several deaths were found during the incubation, perfect hatching was attained in all the cases. 2) The excretion of SM into the allantoic fluid was found extremely poor. The highest rate of the excretion was 1.51% recorded in the case received the injection of 40 mg of SM on the 18th day of incubation, and the lowest rate was 0.03% recorded in the case of 20 mg of SM on the 9th day. In either of the above cases, the excretion attained to the highest value on the 18th day of incubation. 3) The excretion of I into the allantonic fluid was better compared with that of SM, but it was pretty inhibited on the 9th and 12th day of incubation, showing the highest value of 24.00% recorded in the case of 5 mg of KI combined with SM on the 15th day. In other cases it attained to high values on the 18th day of incubation. 4) As to the distribution of I in the cardinal organs of chick embryo, it was noted that the contents of I in the brain, heart and liver were found respectively increased comparing with that of controls, and the weight of each of above organs was also found increased. The content of I in the case with 5 mg of KI further increased compared with that in the case with 2.5 mg of KI in either case of single administration or of combined administration with SM. 5) In the histological examinations on the liver of chick embryo, no noteworthy finding was recognized in the early part of the incubation period, but in the latter part of the incubation period, lipoid degeneration, slight regional necrobiosis or necrosis in the hepatic cells and slight round cells infiltration in Glisson's capsules were found in all the cases. Besides these, vacuolar degeneration was also recognized in the case injected with KI alone or KI combined with SM.View full abstractDownload PDF (14467K) -
Shigeo FUJITA1955 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 349-357,en23
Published: May 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) There is a cross-tolerance between alcohol and other central nervous system depressants, such as barbital and amytal; that is, a decrease was demonstrated in the rapidity of onset and duration of sleep produced by intravenous injection of barbital sodium, and also a decrease in the duration of amytal sleep when the drug was injected intravenously, in alcohol-tolerant animals [rabbits and albino rats (Wistar strain)]. 2) The content of these barbiturates in the blood and brain in alcohol-tolerant animals was lower than in the controls, but contrariwise, the content in the tissues other than brain [liver, muscle, kidney (especially after barbital) and lung (after amytal)] was found to be higher. 3) These experiments indicate that at least the reduced barbiturate narcosis demonstrated in alcohol-tolerant animals can be explained as a result of such changes in the distribution of barbiturates in the tissues.View full abstractDownload PDF (1489K)
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