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Volume 76, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Kumeji TAKEUCHI, Hiroshi KOGO, Yoshio AIZAWA1980 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 179-184
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMale Wistar rats, weighing about 180 g, were used. Strips from the fundus of the stomach were prepared from animals deprived of food for 24 hours and fed for 10 minutes before the decapitation. The strips were suspended in 2 ml of organ bath containing Tyrode solution kept at 30°C, and the isometric contraction was determined. Prostaglandins in rat urine were separated by column chromatography and determined by biological assay. No less than 50 pg of PGE2 and 250 pg of PGF2α with good precision could be determined quantitatively using this particular bioassay. Excretion of urinary PGE in the healthy male rat was 29+8±1.79 ng/day and PGF was 1.9±0.27 ng/day.View full abstractDownload PDF (6670K) -
Masaaki TAKEDA, Tokuichi TAKAGI1980 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 185-191
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of a new β2-adrenoceptive agonist, BD 40A on gastric acid secretion and gastrointestinal motility were studied in comparison with those of isoproterenol, hexoprenaline and cimetidine. BD 40A (0.3 and 1 μg/kg i.v.) inhibited dose-dependently gastric acid secretion produced by continuous i.v. infusion of tetragastrin (8 μg/kg-hr), whereas acid secretion in response to histamine infusion (160 μg/kg-hr) was resistant to the inhibitory action of BD 40A in pentobarbital anesthetized dogs with gastric pouches. Cimetidine (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) blocked acid secretion induced by either tetragastrin or histamine. When intraduodenally administered to pylorus-ligated rats in a dose of 1 mg/kg, BD 40A and hexoprenaline produced a reduction in acid output. Both drugs (1 μg/kg i.v.) decreased the amplitude of gastric, duodenal and ileal motility measured by the balloon method in anesthetized dogs. The inhibitory effects of BD 40A on acid secretion induced by tetragastrin and on spontaneous motility of the gastrointestinal tract were antagonized by 1 mg/kg of propranolol. These pharmacological properties of BD 40A were qualitatively similar to those of isoproterenol and may be ascribable to the activation of β-adrenergic receptors in the gastrointestinal tissue.View full abstractDownload PDF (9003K) -
Distribution patterns of mercury at the onset of neurological signs of acute- and chronic-stagesEijiro TAGASHIRA, Tomoko URANO, Saizo YANAURA, Kazuo IMAEDA, Keiko OHS ...1980 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 193-200
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSICR-strain mice (4 weeks of ages) were continually given a low dose (16 ppm), medium dose (30 ppm) and high dose (50 ppm) of methylmercury chloride in foods containing this compound, and mercury levels in the blood (separated into blood cells and plasma portion) and various organs at the acute and chronic onsets of mercury poisoning were assayed using an analyzer developed by the authors. The early onset of severe methylmercury chloride poisoning in female mice was chiefly attributable to sexual differences regarding the amounts of deposited mercury in the brain and other organs; and the mercury levels in all organs of the female mice were higher. The mercury level in the blood cells increased gradually with continuation of the diet and good parallels were seen between the deposited amounts of mercury in various organs and the length of time the mice ingested this diet. The mercury level in the plasma reached a plateau earlier than the onset time of mercury poisoning. The critical concentration of mercury in the blood cells and the brain at the onset of mercury poisoning tended to be low at the chronic stage. In animals on the dose level of 16 ppm, neurological signs evolved at about the half level of the mercury contents in the animals on 50 ppm. The ratios of mercury contents in the animals on 50 ppm. The ratios of mercury distribution in the blood and organs to the distribution into the brain at the onset showed a change in the brain/blood ratio; and the ratio tended to be higher according to the longer administration of methylmercury. In conclusion, the onset of methylmercury chloride poisoning can be predicted by assessing the level of this compound in the brain, in terms of the application period and the content in blood cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (9048K) -
Hisakazu ISHII, Akira YAMASHITA, Kimiaki HIRAKAWA, Yoichiro HAMADA, Ta ...1980 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 201-212
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSD female rats were bilaterally adrenalectomized or sham-operated at the age of 20 days and were given dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS; 50 or 100 mg/kg body wt. p.o.) for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration the animals were sacrificed and levels of serum estrone, estradiol, estriol, testosterone (T), progesterone(P), aldosterone, 11-OH-corticosteroid (11-OH-CS), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and DHAS were determined. Uterus, ovary, pituitary gland, thyroid, thymus, liver and kidney were weighed and examined histologically. Adrenalectomy significantly reduced serum levels of T, P, aldosterone, 11-OH-CS, DHA and DHAS organ weights of liver and kidney, and increased the weight of the thymus. In sham-operated rats, DHAS increased weight of the uterus and serum DHAS level while the other hormones and organs were not affected. In the adrenalectomized rats, DHAS increased the serum levels of DHAS and T, weight of the uterus and inhibited increase in the weight of the thymus. These findings suggest that DHAS-induced increases in the weight of uterus are not affected by endogenous hormones secreted from the adrenal gland.View full abstractDownload PDF (14382K) -
Yutaka SAKAI, Takehiko DEGUCHI1980 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 213-225
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were carried out to evaluate the antidepressant action of Mianserin as related to noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. The actions of known tricyclic anti-depressants were comparatively investigated together with Mianserin (Organon). Self-stimulation behavior induced by stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus and substantia nigra was unaffected by Mianserin and imipramine, was suppressed with chlorpromazine and markedly enhanced by methamphetamine. The enhancement due to methamphetamine was suppressed by both Mianserin and chlorpromazine, and was potentiated by imipramine. Mianserin, imipramine and amitriptyline enhanced the rolling movements induced by methamphetamine in rats in which the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system was destroyed by the injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. The excitation induced by l-dopa administration, of isocarboxazid treated mouse was enhanced by Mianserin in doses over 25 mg/kg and by imipramine or amitriptyline. The excitation of MK-486 treated mouse, induced by L-5HTP was suppressed by Mianserin, nortriptyline augmented the excitation. The head twitches induced by 5HTP were reduced to 1/10 in onset frequency by Mainserin, 1 mg/kg, p.o. The suppressive potency of amitriptyline in this model was less than 1/5 of that of Mianserin. The potentiation of the flexor reflex of hind limbs of the spinal rat induced by the pretreatment with isocarboxazid and l-dopa, 20 hours after the reserpinization, was markedly suppressed by Mianserin and amitriptyline, but unaffected by imipramine nor chlorimipramine. The potentiation of the extensor reflex of hind limbs of the spinal rat, induced 20 hours after the reserpinization by pretreatment with isocarboxazid and 5-HTP was suppressed by Mainserin, even in a low dose of 0.5 mg/kg, and by amitriptyline in a dose of 10 mg/kg. As far as monoaminergic mechanisms are concerned, the mode of antidepressant action of Mianserin is probably different from that of tricyclic antidepressants.View full abstractDownload PDF (17196K)
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