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Volume 77 (1981)
- Issue 6 Pages 559-
- Issue 5 Pages 447-
- Issue 4 Pages 337-
- Issue 3 Pages 231-
- Issue 2 Pages 99-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 77, Issue 6
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Saizo YANAURA, Hiroshi TAKEDA, Tomoo NISHIMURA, Miwa MISAWA1981 Volume 77 Issue 6 Pages 559-568
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of bromhexine, a mucolytic agent, on secretory activities of canine tracheal secretory cells and on behaviour of glycoprotein in these secretory cells were investigated histologically and histochemically. Following bromhexine treatment, the number of total glycoprotein-containing goblet cells (GC) remained the same. The number of acid glycoprotein (AGP)-containing GC was reduced concentration-dependently, while neutral glycoprotein (NGP)-containing GC significantly increased with doses of 10-6, 10-5 and 10-4M. The number of sulphated glycoprotein (SGP) in AGP-containing GC decreased concentration-dependently. Acinar inner diameter of the submucosal gland and an acinar inner diameter of this gland to wall ratio (AIWR) increased with doses of 10-5 and 10-4M. Particularly, AIWR significantly increased with dose of 10-4M. Thickness of the acinus tended to slightly decrease concentration-dependently. AGP content in glandular cells decreased, while NGP content in these cells markedly increased, concentration-dependently. SGP content in the glandular cells decreased. Total saccharide and protein concentrations in the incubation fluid significantly increased with higher concentrations of the treatment, whereas N-acetylhexosamine slightly decreased concentration-dependently. These findings suggest that bromhexine does not enhance secretory activities of GC, but does stimulate the activities of the submucosal glands, when the drug is given in higher concentrations. Bromhexine markedly dissolves AGP in granules of the secretory cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (5006K) -
Kentaro KOGI, Teruo SAITO, Yoshitoshi KASE, Taizo HITOSHI1981 Volume 77 Issue 6 Pages 569-578
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe following three experiments were performed to determine the effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on the quantity and quality of respiratory tract fluid (RTF) and sputum. All drugs used were administered into the stomach through a gastric tube. 1) Indirect measurement of bronchial secretion in rats, which was expressed by the amounts of dye excreted into the respiratory tract, was carried out according to the Sakuno's method, with some modification. Some expectorants of the secretomotor type, such as bromhexine and pilocarpine, significantly increased the secretion, even at low doses. On the other hand, mucolytic agents such as NAC augmented the secretion only in doses of 500 to 1500 mg/kg. 2) As a direct method of measurements, Kasé's modification of Perry and Boyd's method was used to collect RTF, quantitatively, from rabbits. The RTF of healthy rabbits was colorless and watery. The administration of NAC in doses of 500 to 1500 mg/kg augmented the output volume and RTF became slightly turbid, probably due to an increase in the viscous mucus. 3) Rabbits with subacute bronchitis were prepared by long-term exposure to air contaminated with SO2 gas and sputa were collected before and after administration of NAC, respectively, according to the Kasé's method. The sputa were opalescent and viscous gel included nodular masses. The administration of NAC, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg resulted in a dose dependent decrease in the relative viscosity. The percent-decrease in viscosity with NAC was statistically correlated with that in amounts of dry matter, those in protein and polysaccharide in the sputa. From the results described above, it was concluded that NAC given into the stomach can liquefy sputum by splitting mucoprotein disulphide linkages, that is, altering the rheological characteristics of sputum to facilitate expectoration.View full abstractDownload PDF (4827K) -
Noboru KUBOYAMA, Akira FUJII, Toyoyuki TAMURA1981 Volume 77 Issue 6 Pages 579-596
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntitumor activity of bamboo leaf against various transplantable mouse tumor strains, such as Sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich ascities carcinoma has previously been demonstrated by Sakai et al.7) and Yamamoto et al.9). The present investigation was undertaken to determine the antitumor activities of BLE and BLL against the spontaneous tumor induced by benzopyrene (BP) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) in mice and rats. The possible mechanism of antitumor action was also discussed as related to Kada's Rec-assay and Ames test in vitro. The in vivo antitumor test was performed using 16 groups of mice given the following solutions ad libitum for 120 days: Groups 1-4, 5-8, 9-12 and 13-16 were given water, 1% and 10% BLE, 0.1% BLL, and each respective group was treated with no injection (control), oil/s.c., BP 1 mg/s.c., and 4NQO 0.5 mg/s.c. Rat experiments: Groups 1-3, 4-6 and 7-9 were given water, 1% and 10% BLE ad libitum for 150 days, and each respective group was treated 30 days after the initiation of experiment with no injection (control), oil/s.c., BP 2.4 mg/s.c. Antitumor activities of the BLE and BLL were determined by the tumor incidence index and average weight of tumor. in vitro Rec-assay, cold incubation method, and Ames test were performed in the usual manner. Antitumor activity against BP induced tumor was the highest with 1.0% BLE (0.71 mg/ml), but no significant difference was found between the groups of the 10% BLE, 0.1% BLL and control. A weak trend toward DNA damage was seen in the case of BLE, in the Rec-assay. His+ revertants with S-9 mix on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 were found in the case of BLL. It was concluded that antitumor activity against BP- and 4NQO-induced tumors was the highest with 1% BLE (0.71 mg/ml), and a direct action of BLE on tumor cells was indicated.View full abstractDownload PDF (9391K) -
Kazuki MATSUNAGA, Motohiko UEDA1981 Volume 77 Issue 6 Pages 597-604
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hemodynamic effects of propranolol, pindolol and practolol were investigated in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO) were measured and total peripheral resistance (TPR) was calculated. CO was determined by the modified dye dilution method using an arterio-venous shunt between the left carotid artery and the right jugular vein. Intraperitoneal administration of propranolol (5 mg/kg), pindolol (0.1 mg/kg) or practolol (50 mg/kg) caused a sustained antihypertensive effect of a similar degree. The antihypertensive effect of propranolol (20-30 mmHg, 0.5-8 hr) was attributed to an early decrease of CO (0.5-4 hr) followed by a reduction of TPR (6-8 hr), while that of pindolol or practolol (30-50 mmHg, 0.5-8 hr; 30 mmHg, 2-8 hr) was apparently related to a reduction of TPR with a CO increment. HR decreased with propranolol but increased with pindolol, while only slight changes were observed with practolol. Antihypertensive effects of propranolol, pindolol or practolol were associated with characteristic hemodynamic changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (3001K)
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