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Volume 81 (1983)
- Issue 6 Pages 469-
- Issue 5 Pages 323-
- Issue 4 Pages 267-
- Issue 3 Pages 175-
- Issue 2 Pages 105-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 81, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Yasuko KOHNO1983 Volume 81 Issue 3 Pages 175-192
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper reviewed the metabolism of noradrenaline (NA) in the brains of experimental animals and human beings, as well as the relationships between NA turnover and levels of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-SO4) in the rat brain. The procedure for simultaneous assay of NA and MHPG-SO4 in the rat brain was described. The fluorometric method is sensitive, accurate and rapid enough to determine both NA and MHPG-SO4 in a small amount of brain sample, and it is useful in the study of NA metabolism and turnover in discrete brain regions of the rat. The regional levels of NA and MHPG-SO4, their diurnal variations, and developmental changes from birth to 15 months were measured. Changes in regional NA turnover caused by a variety of acute and chronic stressful stimuli were related to behavioral and physiological changes in the stressed animals. In addition, examination of the interaction of opiate agents and the NA system in immobilization-stressed, methamphetamine-treated and untreated animals showed that the effect of opiate agents on NA turnover in stressed animals might be linked to some functional changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (10378K) -
Masao NISHIKAWA, Akira YAMASHITA, Kazuko ANDO, Shigeo MITSUHIRO1983 Volume 81 Issue 3 Pages 193-209
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of melilotus extract (ME) and Esberiven® (ES) which contain coumarin on the thermal edema, which is one of high protein edema, was evaluated by both quantitative and qualitative assays. The intraperitoneal injection of ME immediately after burn greatly reduced the amount of swelling and effectively inhibited the occurrence of necrosis and induration in the injured leg-skin as compared with the saline controls in which a 3rd degree of thermal injury was observed. Administration of ES also induced a similar suppressive effect. Furthermore, either intraperitoneal or subcutaneous local injection of ME 4 hr before burn was effective in reducing the edema and thermal injury. No increase of the lymph flow and output of lymphocytes and protein from the thoracic duct lymph was observed in thermally injured rats given an injection of ME. The massive infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages 6 to 24 hr after the subcutaneous injection of ME was histologically observed in the dermal lesion of normal rats. Twenty-four hr later, macrophages, fibroblasts, and lymphocytes became predominant. The present data taken together suggest that ME exerts the suppressive effect on thermal injury by either prior or post administration, and these effects might be induced in an indirect manner, through the action of phagocytic cells accumulated in the injured lesion, not via lymphatic drainages of excess fluid and protein.View full abstractDownload PDF (8579K) -
Kazuo SUZUKI, Takeshi NIHO, Hidehiko YAMADA, Kazuo YAMAGUCHI, Haruo OH ...1983 Volume 81 Issue 3 Pages 211-216
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of bromelain (BR) on rabbit sputum consistency were investigated in vitro and in vivo. On the sputum showing relatively low viscosity, BR and other enzymes such as serratiopeptidase (SP), the mixed preparation of pronase and pancreatin, and lysozyme exerted lowering effects; and the effect of BR was the most potent. However, bromhexine had virtually no effect. On the sputum showing relatively high viscosity, BR exerted more potent lowering effects on the viscosity and yield value of sputum than those of SP. Furthermore, 320, 000 U/head BR and 120, 000 U/head SP lowered the viscosity significantly and yield value of sputum in rabbits with oral administration for 3 days. The lowering effect on the yield value of BR was more potent than that of SP. BR also increased the sputum volume in rabbits. BR and SP showed tendencies to decrease the contents of acid glycoprotein and sialic acid in sputum. It can be considered that these results support the effectiveness of BR as an expectorant in clinical use.View full abstractDownload PDF (2799K) -
Isamu AKIBA, Tsutomu SUZUKI, Saizo YANAURA, Hitoshi ENDOU, Fuminori SA ...1983 Volume 81 Issue 3 Pages 217-225
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationship between the decrease in urinary sex-dependent low molecular weight proteins (LMWP), which exist only in the male rat, and the serum levels of some hormones were examined in this study. Castration of male rats reduced the urinary excretion of LMWP by about 50%. Replacement therapy with testosterone increased the urinary LMWP excretion. Adrenalectomy did not affect the urinary excretion of LMWP. In the adrenalectomized rat, however, corticosterone increased LMWP excretion. Therefore, it is considered that testosterone and corticosterone play a part in the urinary excretion of LMWP under physiological conditions and that the effect of testosterone is more specific than that of corticosterone. Serum concentration of testosterone and corticosterone tended to increase in comparison with the control on the 7th day after chronic treatment with morphine (0.5 mg/g food), when the urinary excretion of LMWP was significantly decreased. Furthermore, after rats were chronically administered morphine following castration or adrenalectomy, the urinary LMWP excretion was markedly decreased in the same way as found in intact animals. On the other hand, the serum thyroxine level of rats treated with morphine for 7 days was significantly lower than that of the control. Thyroxine increased dose-dependently the decreased urinary excretion of LMWP induced by morphine administration. These findings suggest that the decrease in urinary excretion of LMWP after chronic treatment with morphine may be caused by the change of serum thyroxine level via the action of morphine on the endocrine functions.View full abstractDownload PDF (4267K) -
Tsutomu SUZUKI, Toshio YOSHII, Saizo YANAURA, Teiko KAWAI1983 Volume 81 Issue 3 Pages 227-234
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of repeated administration of morphine on ambulatory activity were studied in mice treated with morphine-admixed food. The ambulatory activity was determined by the tilting cage method. Morphine injection (10 mg/kg s.c.) was repeated at 3-4 day intervals. The ambulatory activity was enhanced progressively when morphine was repeatedly given to mice. However, the enhancing effect was not observed in mice treated with morphine-admixed food (1 mg/g food). These results suggested that the reverse tolerance to morphine did not develop under the condition of exposure to morphine by DAF (drug-admixed food) method. In case of treatment with morphine-admixed food of increasing concentration (1, 2 and 3 mg/g food), the ambulatory activity of morphine was decreased. According to the studies done so far, tolerance development to the stimulant effects was not observed. This study demonstrates that the tolerance develops to the stimulant effects of morphine on the schedule of treatment with morphine of increasing doses by the DAF method.View full abstractDownload PDF (3401K) -
Haruo OHNISHI, Hiroshi KOSUZUME, Yoshikazu ASHIDA, Katsuaki KATO, Yasu ...1983 Volume 81 Issue 3 Pages 235-244
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTherapeutic effects of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (MTI) on acute pancreatitis were examined. MTI potently inhibited not only proteases such as trypsin or α-chymotrypsin, but also inhibited lipase or creatine phosphokinase which are considered to be related to pancreatitis. Although gabexate mesilate (gabexate) and aprotinin also strongly inhibited trypsin, their inhibition spectra against pancreatic enzymes were narrower than MTI. MTI inhibited proteases released from pancreatic slice by trypsin more potently than gabexate or aprotinin. The therapeutic effects of MTI on experimental acute trypsin-induced pancreatitis in dogs or rats were stronger than those of gabxate or aprotinin. These results suggest that MTI may suppress pathogenesis and development of pancreatitis in several ways, for example, by directly inhibiting trypsin and by inhibiting tissue-damaging enzymes released from the pancreas by stimulation with trypsin.View full abstractDownload PDF (4664K) -
Kenji OHMORI, Hidee ISHII, Katsuichi SHUTO, Nobuhiro NAKAMIZO1983 Volume 81 Issue 3 Pages 245-266
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of oxatomide, an antiallergic drug, on the central and peripheral nervous systems were investigated, and the following results were obtained: Oxatomide at oral doses of 30-100 mg/kg produced little or no effect on the spontaneous and cooperative movements in mice, hexobarbital-induced hyponosis in mice, body temperature in rats, and did not induce muscle relaxation, the analgesic effect, anticonvulsive effects and antiphysostigmine effect. Oxatomide at doses of 300 mg/kg or more produced sedation followed by an increase in the responses to stimuli in mice and rats. These behavioral changes diminished within 7-8 hours. Oxatomide (2 mg/kg, i.v.) changed the EEG to a slightly drowsy pattern in unanesthetized, unrestrained rabbits. Neither the EEG arousal responses evoked by auditory stimulation or electrical stimulation to the mesencephalic reticular formation, nor the limic afterdischarges induced by electrical stimulation to the hippocampus or amygdala were affected by oxatomide at any of the doses employed. Oxatomide had no effect on the spinal reflex in cats, conditioned behavior in rats or local anesthesia in guinea pigs. These results suggest that oxatomide shows little effect on the central and peripheral nervous systems at a dose sufficient to elicit the antiallergic actions.View full abstractDownload PDF (9829K)
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