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Volume 62 (1995)
- Issue 6 Pages 567-
- Issue 5 Pages 413-
- Issue 4 Pages 313-
- Issue 3 Pages 223-
- Issue 2 Pages 93-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 62, Issue 5
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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Kazuko Yokoyama1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 413-419
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: July 27, 2010
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Naoshi Ogiwara, Dong Wei1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 420-427
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hypothesis that survival of motoneurons depends on targets postnatally was tested in Wistar rats of known age. Under ether anesthesia, the cut distal end of a medial gastrocnemius (MG) nerve was anchored to the lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscle to prevent reinnervation. The compound action potential (CAP) in response to stimulation of the MG nerve was recorded from L4 and L5 ventral roots to evaluate the degree of motoneuronal death in the nerve. CAPs of MG nerves were greatly reduced 1 to 8 months after the operation in the rats operated on at 6 or 9 days of age, which indicates that the majority of MG motoneurons died after the operation. In contrast, the CAPs in the animals which were operated on at older than 12 days were similar to normal animals. However, the number of motor units that remained in the implanted MG nerve was 1.3 on the average in the rats operated on at 12-days-old. In normal rats, it was 87. Thus, the results indicate that in the rats operated on at 12 days of age, a majority of MG motoneurons survived without making functional synapses. We conclude that there is a sharp ciritical period, between 9 and 12 days after birth, during which motoneuronal target dependency changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1478K) -
Masashi Yanagisawa, Makoto Kaieda, Atsushi Nagatsumi, Akiro Terashi1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 428-438
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSanalysis in 96 multi-infarct patients without dementia and 40 multi-infarct patients with dementia (MID). Only subjects with small infarcts in the territory of the perforator artery or deep white matter were studied. The diagnosis of MID was diagnosed according to DMS-III criteria and Hachinski's ischemia score. Location and area of patchy high-intensity areas including small infarcts, the degree of periventricular high intensity (PVH), and the degree of brain atrophy were examined with MR images. Independent variables were: history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, other complications; systolic and diastolic blood pressure, atherosclerotic index, hematocrit, history of smoking, level of education, and activities of daily life (ADL). Hayashi's quantification method II was used to analyze the data.
The most significant correlation was found between history of hypertension and dementia (partial correlation coefficient: 0.39). Significant correlations were also found between ADL and dementia (0.32), between thalamic infarction and dementia (0.31), and between PVH and dementia (0.27). Age, brain atrophy index, and history of diabetes mellitus contributed little to dementia. The contribution to dementia did not differ significantly between right and left patchy high-intensity areas on MR images.
Location of infarcts, except for bilateral thalamic infarcts and large PVH, contributed little to dementia. Thus it would be difficult to base a prediction of the prevalence of vascular dementia on MRI findings. However, both hypertention and ADL contribute to vascular dementia and both are treatable, which may be significant for the prevention of dementia.View full abstractDownload PDF (3752K) -
Hisao Shindo1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 439-446
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe lumbar multifidus muscle was dissected with particular reference to its innervation in 10 Japanese adults and 10 fetuses from 5 to 10 months old. The results were as follows:
1) The multifidus muscle attached to the spinous process of a lumbar vertebra was segmentally innervated by the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of the lumbar nerve on a level with the spinous process.
2) The motor point of the nerve innervating the multifidus muscle in adults was slightly ventro-caudal to that portion of the lumbar spinous process with muscle attached.
3) The multifidus muscle in fetuses was thinner and flatter than that in adults. The motor point of the nerve innervating this muscle was slightly caudal at the lateral margin of the muscle to that portion of the lumbar spinous process with the muscle attached. These differences can be attributed to the fact that muscles used to oppose gravity are undeveloped in fetuses.
4) There was variation in 5 fascicles in total, in which the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar nerve entered the multifidus muscle originating at the spinous process of a lower lumbar vertebra.View full abstractDownload PDF (5574K) -
Masaaki Mori, Masamichi Ishizaki, Masahiko Onda1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 447-455
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have immunohistochemically investigated the occurrence of pi class glutathione S-transferase (GST-pi) both in normal rat liver and in rat liver regenerating after hepatectomy. We made our observations by examining frozen liver sections rather than the paraffin sections used in previous studies. First we examined normal liver tissue. Light microscopic examination revealed weak, discontinuous immunofluorescence along the hepatocellular plasma membranes, indicating the presence of GST-pi. Then, using immunoelectron microscopy, we detected immuno-reaction products along the bile canalicular plasma membranes, indicating the location of the GST-pi more precisely. On the second and third days after hepatectomy, as the liver was regenerating, we observed that both the immunofluorescence and the reaction products were much more intense and that the bile canaliculi were dilated as well. These observations indicate that in regenerating liver, GST-pi which is a cytosolic enzyme, concentrates in the cytosol of the hepatocytes directly under the bile canalicular plasma membranes. These observations are the first reported morphological confirmation of induced GST-pi in regenerating liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (6582K) -
Hiroshi Ito1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 456-468
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn vitro chemosensitivity of established cell lines from human prostate cancer (8 PC 93, 19 PC 93, DU 145 and PC 3) to various anticancer drugs was examined by clonogenic assay. The drugs used were aclarubicin (ACR), adriamycin (ADM), carboquone (CQ), vincristine (VCR), ifosfamide (IFM), peplomycin (PEP) and cis-platinum (CDDP). To compare antitumor activity of different drugs, the predicted anticancer activity (PAA) was calculated from the 50% inhibition doses and the peak plasma concentration of the clinically used dose. High antitumor activity of drug was considered if PAA 1 was observed. The chemosensitivities were: CQ>ADM>CDDP>VCR>PEP>IFM>ACR in the clonogenic assay. 19 PC 93 and DU 145 were sensitive to CQ, ADM and CDDP, but 8 PC 93 and PC 3 were sensitive to CQ, ADM, CDDP and VCR. Thus, a new combination chemotherapy with CDDP, ADM and CQ (PAQ therapy) was used clinically. PAQ therapy was given to sixteen patients with stage D advanced prostate cancer. Of these patients, 14 were undergoing relapse from antiandrogen therapy and 2 had hormone-resistant prostate cancer. The mean interval from the start of the prior treatment to relapse of the cancer was 18 months. The effectiveness of the new therapy was judged according to the response criteria for prostate cancer treatment of Japan. Three patients showed partial response (PR), 9 were stable disease (Stable) and 4 showed progressive disease (PD). The mean response duration in the patients with PR and with Stable was 11.6 months. The survival length of the responders (PR+Stable) was significantly longer than that of the nonresponders (PD) (p<0.001). The side effect of PAQ therapy was lower than the moderate degree.
Therefore, we considered PAQ therapy to be one of the clinical trials for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (2175K) -
Cell damage and liberation of nitric oxide synthase in rat heart induced by endotoxin administrationMakoto Fukui, Yan Qiao, Fang Guo, Goro Asano1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 469-481
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular injury and the pathological aspect of the liberation of the nitric oxide synthase in endotoxin shock, Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg E. coli endotoxin and the cardiovascular changes were observed chronologically by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic techniques at 2, 4, 8 and 12 h respectively after endotoxin administration.
Light microscopically, irregular contraction of cardiomyocytes was observed in the early stage. After 8 h of endotoxin administation, occasional disintegration of the myocytes as well as lysis of myofibrils became prominent, and diminished stainings of myoglobin and actin were seen in these myocytes.
Ultrastructurally, increased pinocytotic vesicles were observed in endothelial cells associated with widened intercellular spaces, and vacuolization of endothelial and medial cells of the vasculature. In cardiomyocytes, swelling of mitochondria and interstitial edema were noted at 12 h after endotoxin administration. Immunohistochemically, an increased permeability of albumin was noted in the myocytes and vasculature and nitric oxide synthase was localized on the cytomembrane of the endothelium of the coronary arteries in control rats. After endotoxin administration, the reaction products of nitric oxide synthase increased in the endothelial and medial cells, and cardiomyocytes.
These results suggest that the increased activity of nitric oxide synthase is an important factor in the excessive production of nitric oxide and in promoting the pathologic changes in the cardiovascular system after endotoxin administration.View full abstractDownload PDF (14314K) -
Takao Fukushima1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 482-500
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe morphology of the cardiac veins that drain into the coronary sinus was studied in 31 human hearts, with special reference to the coronary artery dominant pattern (Barnes' classification). The results were as follows:
1. Great cardiac vein (GCV)
The average GCV index of Barnes type I (BI) did not differ significantly from that of Barnes type II (BII).
2. Left marginal vein (LMV)
(1) The LMVs were divided into two types, according to the angle made by the LMV and the truncal vein: rect (18 cases, 58%) and acute (11 cases, 38%) angular influx type.
(2) The average LMV angle of BI (n=9, mean±SD 77.0±23.2) was greater than that of BII (n=19, mean±SD 48.1±34.3) and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).
(3) The average LMV index of BI did not differ significantly from that of BII.
3. Left posterior ventricular vein (LPVV)
(1) The average LPVV infux angle of BI did not differ significantly from that of BII.
(2) The average LPVV index of BI did not differ significantly from that of BII.
4. Middle cardiac vein (MCV)
The average MCV index of BI did not differ significantly from that of BII.
5. Small cardiac vein (SCV)
The average SCV index of BI did not differ significantly from that of BII.
6. Anterior cardiac veins (ACVs)
The number of ACVs correlated with the SCV index, and the correlation was statistically significant (n=31, r=-0.416, p<0.02).
7. Coronary sinus (CS)
The average CS index of BI did not differ significantly from that of BII.
The right ventricular wall may not be perfused effectively during open heart surgery when retrograde coronary sinus perfusion (RCSP) is used. The present study demonstrated that this method can produce poor right ventricular perfusion in cases when the ACVs developed well.View full abstractDownload PDF (5033K) -
Fumiatu Oka1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 501-510
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe recently introduced fluorescence in situ hybridization method (FISH method) is a chromosomal analysis for examining interphase nuclei and seems to be a promising approach for chromosomal analysis of a solid tumor, which is considered hard to deal with by a conventional chromosomal staining method.
In the present study, a bladder tumor (transitional cell carcinoma) was evaluated by chromosomal analysis, including interphase nuclei, with this FISH method to examine chromosomal numerical aberration in relation to the grade and stage, expecting successful, accurate determination of reliable prognostic factors based on its relapse and invasive intensity. Tissue specimens obtained from 20 patients with bladder tumor (tansitional cell carcinoma) were used. The probe used in this study was specific for chromosome No. 1, 7, and 9, which were frequently indicated as being abnormal by a conventional chromosomal staining method. As a result, a tendency towards polysomy was observed in chromosome No. 1 and 7 of high grade invasive cancer cases, while a tendency towards monosomy was evident in chromosome No. 9 of low grade noninvasive cancer cases. From the results mentioned above and consideration of related literatures, it was suggested that monosomy of chromosome No. 9 is important as an index for knowing changes in the initial developmental stage of bladder tumor and polysomy of chromosome No. 1 and 7 is important as an index for knowing changes in the progressive stage.View full abstractDownload PDF (3172K) -
Takashi Shimada1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 511
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
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Mitsuru Emi1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 512-515
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (543K) -
Shigeo Ohta1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 516-519
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (699K) -
Yukihiko Hirai1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 520-523
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (758K) -
Teruhiko Yoshida1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 524-527
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (841K) -
Makoto Matsukura1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 528-529
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (434K) -
Koichi Inokuchi1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 530-534
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
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Regarding remnant thyroid amount and postoperative thyroid functionMitsuji Nagahama, Kazuo Shimizu, Shigeo Tanaka1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 535-538
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
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Cellular immunity and its activationHidemi Takahashi1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 539-546
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
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1995 Volume 62 Issue 5 Pages 547-559
Published: October 15, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3073K)
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