The gallbladder contractions following intramuscular injection of caerulein (0.6, 0.4, 0.2mcg/kg) were studied in 35 patients, in whom organic disorders of the biliary tract could not be found. There were three patterns, A and B types, which had good contractions, but were different in time of the maximal response and the C type, which had poor contraction. Gallbladders of the A and B types, the good contractile types, were over 50 percent contracted for 15 to 30 minutes after the injection.Concerning the dose of caerulein; 0.2mcg/kg, which did not produce side effects and completely contracted the gallbladder, was optimum for the examination of gallbladder contraction.
Based on this data, gallbladder contractions were studied in disease states. In liver diseases, the C type was not found. However, A and B types were found in all cases. These patterns of contraction seem to be affected by any functional disturbance of the liver. In diabetes mellitus, the three patterns of A, B and C types were found, but these were no relation with age, length of the disorder or the presence of complications.We examined the histopathological findings of autopsied gallbladders, that had no gallstones, but had diabetes mellitus.In these, we could not find any organic lesions of more than a middle grade, which were observed in cholelithiasis of a poor contractile type.Organic lesions were slight in all cases.
Using the same method, bile examinations were performed on 52 patients, both those who had diseases of the liver and the biliary tract, and others without any disease. In those patients without disease, the pattern of the bile flow was the A type (normal type), which had dark bile and flowed with a maximum concentration at about 15 minutes after the injection of caerulein. In diseases of the biliary tract, we found two patterns, the B type (later type), in which the dark bile flowed out later compared with the A type and the C type (flat type) without any dark bile, but the pattern was mainly the C type. The three patterns of the normal type, later type and flat type were found in liver diseases.When the functional disturbance of the liver was more than a middle grade, the pattern of the bile flow was the flat type.
When the caerulein test was compared with the Meltzer-Lyon technique in regard to the concentration and volume of B-bile, the caerulein test could collect darker bile and more volume than the Meltzer-Lyon technique. This method is suitable for the collection of bile from the gallbladder.

View full abstract

In 71 patients with myocardial infarction (MI), abnormalities of left ventricular wall motion (LVWM) were studied by kinetocardiogram (KCG), apex cardiogram (ApCG) and left ventriculogram (LVG). The results of three different methods were compared with each other to evaluate the utility of the former two as a non-invasive method.In addition, relationships of KCG and ApCG to left ventricular function (LVF) were studied.
Patients were classified by KCG into systolic bulge (SB) cases, atypical cases and normal cases, by ApCG into type I (distinctly abnormal cases), type II (less abnormal cases) and type III (normal cases), and by LVG into distinctly abnormal cases showing dyskinesis or akinesis and less abnormal cases showing hypokinesis or normal.
SB on KCG were observed in 49.3%, type I ApCG in 62%, and distinctly abnormal LVG in 62.3%.Twenty-eight of 33 cases (84.8%) with SB on KCG showed distinctly abnormal LVG and eleven of 13 (84.6%) with normal KCG showed less abnormal LVG.There was a close relationship between the site of abnormal LVWM evaluated by KCG and those by LVG. Thirty of 42 cases (71.496) with type I ApCG showed distinctly abnormal LVG and nine of 14 (64.3%) with type X ApCG showed less abnormal LVG.SB on KCG was observed in 65.1% and type I ApCG in 73.2% of cases showing distinctly abnormal LVG, while SB on KCG was observed in 19.2% and type I ApCG in 50% of cases showing less abnormal LVG. Incidence of false positive cases was much more lower in KCG than ApCG.Cases with SB on KCG showed significantly lower ejection fraction (EF)(p<0.01), larger left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV)(p<0.05), higher left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (p<0.05) and largex cardiothoratic ratio (CTR)(p<0.01) than other cases.In addition, the number of leads showing SB on KCG had a significant correlation to EF (p<0.05), LVEDV (p<0.01) and pre-ejection period/left ventricular ejection time (p<0.001).Cases with type I ApCG showed lower EF <0.05), larger LVEDV (p<0.05) and larger CTR (p<0.05) than other cases.
It is concluded that KCG and ApCG are useful non-invasive methods to evaluate not only LVWM, but also LVF in patients with MI.KCG seems superior to ApCG because of lowei incidence of false positive cases and more LVF indices which were significantly correlated tc KCG.

View full abstract

There is a conventional method for the determination of hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody titer of human serum against influenza virus. In this method it is necessary to add such solutions as receptor destroying enzyme (RDE) and KM, to serum to remove an inhibitor from the serum. Moreover, antigen solutions and chicken erythrocyte suspension have naturally to be added.Accordingly, it is impossible to determine an HI antibody titer lower than 1: 16 by this method. In the present study, it was attempted to develop a new method sensitive enough to detect such a low titer. In it, a strain of influenza A type virus was sensitized with normal guinea-pig serum to prepare a strain resistant to an inhibitor. This and the conventional strains were compared with each other in the determination of the titer of HI antibody in the serum which had been treated with RDE and to which bouillon had been added.The results obtained are as follows.
1) The A/Tokyo/75 type and the A/Victoria/75 type strain of influenza virus were treated with normal guinea-pig serum (heated at 60°C for 30 minutes). A strain resistant to the inhibitor was obtained after several generations had passed.
2) There were no large differences in such biological characters as infectivity to eggs and thermostability between the conventional strain and the resistant one mentioned above.
3) With the conventional and the resistant strain as antigens, the conventional method was employed to determine the HI antibody titer of RDE-treated serum, and essentially the same titer was obtained, regardless of the strain used as antigen.
4) With the resistant strain as antigen, HI antibody titer was determined in RDE-treated serum and bouillon-added serum after inactivation of each serum at 56°C for 30 minutes. There was, however, no large difference in the titer determined between the two sera.
5) When a portion of a serum sample was treated with RDE and subjected to the conventional method, it showed an HI antibody titer of less than 1: 16. Another portion of the serum sample was not treated with RDE, but was diluted directly immediately after inactivation at 56°C for 30 minutes.When HI antibody titer was determined in the resulting dilutions with the resistant strain as antigen, titers lower than 1: 4 were presented by 54 and 51 per cent of the human sera infected with the A/Tokyo/75 type and A/Victoria/75 type strain, respectively.
6) Essentially the same results were obtained even from a resistant strain prepared by concentration of the guinea-pig serum fraction.

View full abstract

On this seminal vesiculography, we reformed so that it can be performed easily and simply from a technical viewpoint.Further, the method and conditions for vesiculography were also studied to make a reformation so that clearer X-ray picture be obtained.
Clinically, seminal vesiculography was performed on diseases of accessory genital organs hitherto hardly reported on literature other than prostatic carcinoma and prostatic hypertrophy and results were studies in comparison with the normal control.
Jode natrium solution 80% was selected as the contrast medium and injecting it in doses of 1.1 to 1.2ml in about one minute time was found appropriate.In injecting the contrast medium, we used a needle of special design and found it effective for preventing injury to the spermatic duct.
Characteristic vesiculogram was obtained for each disease and some cases gave results which showed a significant difference on statistics.

View full abstract