Sen'i Kikai Gakkaishi (Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan)
Online ISSN : 1880-1994
Print ISSN : 0371-0580
ISSN-L : 0371-0580
Volume 34, Issue 5
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
  • Part 5 : Dynamic Loss Tangent (tan δ) -Temperature Curve of Complex Systems
    Sei-ichi Manabe, Kenji Kamide
    1981 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages T86-T97
    Published: May 25, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to evaluate the tan δ value of the complex system consisting of m components with different relaxation time, a new approximation equation has been derived. For the parallel model in which dynamic models representing the viscoelasticity of each component are arranged in parallel, the tan δ value of a whole system can be approximated by the tan δe. defined as :
    tanδe=mΣi=1 V (i) ·tanδ (i)
    For the series model, in which dynamic models are arranged in the series manner, by the tan δe, defined as :
    tanδe=mΣi=1 J (i) ·tanδ (i)
    (i) stands for the value of i-th component. V (i) and J (i) are modulus fraction and compliance fraction of i-th component respectively and are defined by;
    V (i) =E (i) 1υ (i) /mΣi=1 E (i) 1υ (i) (1)
    J (i) = (υ (i) /E (i) 1) /mΣi=1 (i) /E (i) 1) (2)
    where, E (i) 1 is the modulus after relaxation and V (i) is the volume fraction of i-th component. If the peak value of tan δ of the component, (tan δ) max is same with each other and (tan δ) max≤0.3, the relative error originated by using the tan δe for representing tan δ value of the parallel model is within 5%. This error decreases monotonically with an increase in the distribution width of the relaxation time of its component. This strongly supports the validity of the approximation equationof tan δ_??_tan δe in parallel model proposed in our previous paper (this journal, 30, T85 (1977)) for establishing the analyzing procedure of the tan δ-temperature curve.
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  • Sei-ichi Manabe, Shuji Kajita, Kenji Kamide
    1981 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages T98-T108
    Published: May 25, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    An attempt is made to establish a method for evaluating the distribution functions of the local molecular orientation (LMO) and the local crystallinity (LC) in a fiber by optical microscopy. The LMO distributions were typically classified into two models in an actual case ; one-dimensional anisotropic model (model I) and two-dimensional anisotropic model (model II). A theoretical equations relating to refractive index and molecular orientation in both models have been derived from the generalized Lorenz-Lorentz equation as basic tenet. The refractive indexes corresponding the two different polarized lights, whose electric field vectors oscillated parallel and perpendicular to the fiber axis were analyzed on the basis of the above theoretical equations. The prerequisite para meters are the densities of crystalline, amorphous regions and three principal refactive indexes of the crystal. In addition to the distribution functions of LMO and LC, this method enables us to determine the refractive index of an amorphous region and also the ratio of orientation between crystalline and amorphous regions. The best fit model between models I and II. can be chosen by judging from the polarized microscopic observation of the cross section of a fiber and from the side view of a fiber by an interference microscopy. Polyester fibers belong to the model I and Kevlar 49 to model II. The degree of LMO of both fibers shows larger at the periphery than at the center of a fiber.
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  • T. Kitano
    1981 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages P245-P253
    Published: May 25, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • The Improvement of Heat Transfer by Inserting Spiral Blades
    Akira Horikawa, Masumi Tsumuki
    1981 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages P254-P258
    Published: May 25, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the heat exchanger, it is important to improve the efficiency of heat transfer. The aim of this paper is to compare the efficiency of heating pipes by changing the shape of spiral blades; the pitch and Roynolds number. In addition, the flow in heating pipes is visualized.
    Experimental results have revealed that the efficiency of pipes with blades increases
    1) under 3 000 in Reynolds numbers,
    2) under 5 in aspect ratios, and
    3) by twisting blades left and right alternatively.
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  • Toshihiro Gunji, Tsuneyo Tsuboi, Koji Nihira
    1981 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages P259-P263
    Published: May 25, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper discusses the optical color of the so called Tamamushi fabrics (iridescent fabrics) by the use of the goniophotometric color measurement apparatus with 45° and 60° in incidence angle and 0°75° in receiving angle.
    The results obtained are :
    1) The change of the color on the Tamamushi fabrics depends on the fabric color value, i.e., Y-valuein each receiving angle.
    2) The chromaticity coordinates in chromaticity scale diagram shows the higher purity value in the small angle of receiving, and approaches to the point of light source color in the large angle of receiving.
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  • Part 1: Fabric Geometry and Force Methods of Analysis Applied to Fabric Mechanics
    R. Postle, S.de Jong
    1981 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages P264-P273
    Published: May 25, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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