Effective thermal condutivity was measured for clothing materials in wide-spread use, ranging from thin woven fabrics to thick packing materials for winter garments. Measurement was carried out by the steady-state method and under the standard air condition using the Thermolabo (KESF-TL-2D). The measured thermal properties of clothing materials were studied in relation to their structural properties (thickness, weight, and volume fraction). An empirical formula for the effective thermal conductivity, λe, was presented, based on a simple model that includes the radiative heat transfer as well as the heat conduction through the mixture of fiber solid and air, and was compared with the results of measurement.
The resuts are summarized as follow :
(1) The thermal conductance λ_ed decreases nearly inversely proportion to the thickness d for fabrics of d≤0.5 cm, whereas for thick materials (d≥1cm), it grows independent of the thickness. Consequently, A is constant around 0.04 W/mK for d≤ 0.5 cm and the volume fraction φ=10∼30%, while it isabout three times larger for d≥1cm andφ≤6%.
(2) An empirical formula suggested here well corresponds to the measured values of effective thermal conductivity.It is shown that for thick materials of d≥1.0cm, the thermal transmission is dominated by the radiative transfer.
(3) From the application of the emprical formula to the result, the proper heatconductivity of the fiber solid was shown to be estimated reasonably and the effects of structure on the thermal properties of clothing materials were also examined.

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This paper describes the effects of varicts soils on the antibacterial activity of antibacterial agents in the commercial anticrobial treatment socks. In this paper, we deals with six types of soils (Japanese sake, sause, soy sause, milk, juice and miso soup) and make a wear test, and examines the change of the antibacterial activity of socks contaminated with various soils.
The results obtained are as follows.
(1) When the commercial anticrobial treatment socks were contaminated with soils artificially, the inhibition percenage decreased than the socks with no soils. But, inhibition percntage increased again after washing and removing the soils. It was recognized positive correlation between the reflectnace of socks contaminated with soils and the inhibition percentage. This tendency was similar when the socks were washed after three days. When the socks were washed after one month, however, the recovery of the inhibition percentage was not recognized, because the soils contaminated was not removed easily.
(2) In the case of wear test, the width of clear zone of the socks weared was smaller than the no-wear socks, and the antibacterial activity of the socks weared decreased. This result shows that the growth of microorganisms becomes actively when the soils were adhered even if the antibacterial agents was not removed by washing operation. It was recognized the negative correlation between the number of bacteria and each component of soils, and the coefficient of correlation of untreated socks was higher than the commercial anticrobial treatment socks. Because, the bacteria adhated to the commercial anticrobial treatment socks were killed or inhibitioned by the antibacterial agents.
When the textile product was contaminated with soils, there was a remarkable growth of microorganisms. Therefore, it was necessary to remove immediately the soils by washing even if the socks was treated by the anticrobial treatment.

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As an application of fabric objective evaluation of fabric hand and quality which has been developed with the Hand Eveluation and Standardization Committee (HESC), a joint research project with the HESC and the Wool Research Organization of New Zealand (WRONZ) has been carried out to develop high quality summer suitings using New Zealand Corriedale wool of 35 micron. After the first and the second trials, the third trial was organized in 1985 and 13 tropical suitings and 14 summer/spring jacket fabrics have been developed. These fabrics were woven and finished in Japanese companies using the yarns sent from WRONZ on the basis of the results obtained in the preceding two trials. The objective method has been fully used through the research process and monitored the product of the trial. High quality fabrics have been obtained and their characteristics have been inspected by the objective method. Some of these fabrics were tailored to inspect the wearing comfort. In the mid-summer in this year, the suit showed high performance and high coolness in wearing. The forth trial is now going on the basis of this result and 40 kinds of various type of suitings will be produced and inspected their performance with market survey.

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