Sen'i Kikai Gakkaishi (Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan)
Online ISSN : 1880-1994
Print ISSN : 0371-0580
ISSN-L : 0371-0580
Volume 42, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Gong Shao, Eiichi Kuze
    1989 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages T36-T46
    Published: March 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fabric inspector can recognize the fabric defects because they can observe not only the light and darkness but also the brilliance or gloss on the fabric surface. So, in order to distinguish the fabric defects by the machine, it is also necessary to deal with such information as gathered by inspectors. In this paper, a new method has been developed to distinguish the fabric defects. The laser light is irradiated on the fabric surface and then the diffused light is measured cross 360 degrees to create a reflection pattern.
    Because there are many naps and twists on the fabric surface irregularly, so the distribution of diffused light will be varied according to the incidence angle of laser. We know that if the light is irradiated on the fabric surface with some suitable angle and the signal is detected at some suitable angle the informations about the fabric defect could be extracted at its maximum. The experiment, has shoun that the most suitable incidence angle is 25 degrees and the most suitable measurement angle is 75 degrees.
    By using pinhole and filter in the optical path, we can normally detect the signal even if not in the darkroom. And when the pinhole diameter was 0.7mm, we detected the signal with averaging the ripple of the noises due to the thread naps and twists, and without losing the defect signal. Here the measured area (S) is given by the next equation.
    S=πa2/4cosθ
    where a is the pinhole diameter, and θ is the measurement angle.
    In this experiment, we found that the reflection pattern on th fabric surface was dependent on the fabric construction. The pattern from normal part of the fabric was symmetric, while that from an abnormal part was distorted and the aspect of being distorted was due to the kind of defects. Also the similar reflection patterns can be detected from the same sort defects, but the identical one practically does not appear again even if from the same sort of defect.
    To recognize the fabric defect with the reflection pattern, the table reasoning method was introduced. Firstly twelve characteristic parameters were sampled from the reflection pattern to investigate the relations between the refection patterns and the fabric defects, then an expert system has been developed to identify the fabric defects.
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  • Influence of the Distribution of Degree of Substitution in Cellulose Acetates on Lyotropic Dope properties and Some Typical Properties of Cellulose Diacetate Fibers Spun from Different Lyotropic Dopes
    Kunihiko Okajima, Tomio Kuriki, Syuji Kajita, Kenkji Kamide
    1989 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages T47-T54
    Published: March 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    An attempt was made to elucidate the effect of the total degree of substitution («F») and its distribution («fk», k =2, 3 and 6) of cellulose acetates (CA) in their lyotropic solution in common solvent (dimethvlacetamide; DMAc) on their molecular orientation behavior characterized by IR analysis, and to compare the properties of cellulose diacetate fibers spun from lyotropic solutions differing solvent (DMAc and aq-70 wt% nitric acid (HNO3)). The followings are found : 1) Molecular orientation phenomena of polymer and solvent for CD/DMAc lyotropic systems on imposing shear significantly differ depending on both (F) and (fk), for example, CA with higher «f6»/«F») tends to show similar molecular orientation to cellulose II even at almost same low (F). 2) The fibers spun from CDA/aq.70 wt% HNO3 lyotropic system exhibit always superior mechanical properties such as tensile strength and Younds' modulus to those of the fibers spun from CDA/DMAc lyotropic system. 3) The former lyotropic system shows a characteristic IR perpendicular dichroism band corresponding to ring CO stretching band which ordinary shows parallel dichroism for cellulose. 4) Kevlar-like structure is expected for the fibers spun from CDA/aq. 70 wt% HNO3 lyotropic system.
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  • [in Japanese]
    1989 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages P123-P128
    Published: March 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (2749K)
  • [in Japanese]
    1989 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages P129-P135
    Published: March 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (678K)
  • [in Japanese]
    1989 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages P136-P145
    Published: March 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1989 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages P146-P153
    Published: March 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Tuneo Horino
    1989 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages P154-P160
    Published: March 25, 1989
    Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Apparent compressive complex modulus of commercial carpets at a wide range of given compressive strains have been measured by means of Hysteresis loop meathod with a specially designed apparatus at a fixed frequency of 0.2 Hz.
    The values of the modulus may be caluculated on the assumption that the mechanical model of the carpet is simillar to that of Voigt model.
    The values of apparent compressive complex modulus of used commercial carpets resemble these of rubberlike materials untile the compressive strains of about 50%.
    εc, (Ff.c=0.5) is determined specially strain when the volume fraction of the fibers in the carpet reaches 0.5.
    With the progress compression, when the compressive strain reaches εc (Ff.c=0.5) the values of apparent storage modulus for the carpets nearly equal to 5×108 dyne/cm, 2. which is generally known as the value of modulus for leathery material. At the near strains of εc (Ffx=0.5), the values of apparent compressive complex modulus of the cararts increase rapidly with increasing applied compressive strain.
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