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Volume 10 (1977)
- Issue 4 Pages 407-
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- Issue 2 Pages 161-
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Volume 10, Issue 1
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC FEATURES OF POLYGLUCOSE PARTICLES HISTOCHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED IN VITRO OR IN VIVOTSUGIO AMEMIYA, SATOKI UENO1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 1-9
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHistochemical techniques for glycogen synthetase and phosphorylase were applied to the living chick retina. Polyglucose particles which were histochemically synthesized in the paraboloid of the accessory cone by either enzyme in vivo were larger in size and better stainable with lead citrate than those in vitro. The retina incubated in the medium in vitro showed swelling of the paraboloid. The cytoplasmic matrices of the paraboloid were expanded by overproduction of synthesized polyglucose particles, especially amorphous particles with a diameter of less than 100Å. The enzymatic histochemical reaction is apt to appear more intense in vitro than in vivo.
Compared with polyglucose particles synthesized in vitro by glycogen synthetase or phosphorylase, polyglucose particles histochemically synthesized in vivo showed a close resemblance to native glycogen particles. Although there is no difference between the fundamental findings of the in vivo and in vitro experiments in such areas as localization and distribution of enzyme activity, the in vivo histochemistry can give more accurate information about the living cell.View full abstractDownload PDF (9101K) -
YASUMITSU KIKUI, HARUMICHI SEGUCHI, HUMIO MIZOGUTI1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 10-13
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn improved modification upon Ivic's method (1959) for differentially staining A- and B-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans is described. In accordance with usual procedure, pancreas tissue is fixed in Bouin's fluid, washed in 70% alcohol, and then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. After being mordanted in Bouin's fluid containing 3-5% chrome alum for 24hr or more at 37°C, sections are moderately oxidated in an equal mixture of 0.3% potassium permanganate and 0.3% sulphric acid for 3-5min.
As proposed by Ivic, a Victoria blue solution is then used to exclusively stain the B-cells blue. In this case, however, the solution is allowed to ripen for at least 10 days after mixing before use. A-cells are then stained deep red with a 0.5% aqueous solution of phloxine for 30-120sec. without any differentiation. After treatment with a 5% aqueous solution of phosphotungstic acid for 1-2min, sections are stained in 0.5% aqueous solution of light green for 1-2min in order that the collagenous elements obtain a green color.
This modified method produces a good differential staining of A- and B-cells more easily and more consistently than does Ivic's original method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1716K) -
NOBORU YAMAMOTO, KENJIRO YASUDA1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 14-37
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn attempt was made to apply water soluble carbodiimide (WSC) to enzyme histochemistry as a fixative. WSC is a bifunctional reagent which reacts with both carboxyl and amino groups of proteins at neutral pH, forming, intermolecular cross-links.
The proportion of cross-linked protein in the tissue fixed with the optimal concentration of WSC (40mg/ml in either 0.1M phosphate or cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0-7.4) was about 90%. This percentage is almost the same as that obtained by use of 2% glutaraldehyde.
Examination with the electron microscope of liver, kidney, intestine, pancreas and muscle fixed with WSC at the concentration of 40mg/ml in 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and postfixed with 1% osmium tetroxide revealed fine structure which was preserved as well as if glutaraldehyde had been used as the fixative.
Enzyme assay, carried out on some enzymes to check the degree of decrease in enzymatic activity after the treatment with WSC, showed that the grade of decrease varied from one enzyme to another.
When WSC was used as a fixative fine structure was well preserved. Further, in the case of most of the enzymes examined a higher rate of enzyme activity remained in the insoluble fraction of the tissue homogenate had been treated with WSC than in glutaraldehyde fixation. WSC therefore promises to be a useful fixative for use in enzyme histochemistry.View full abstractDownload PDF (15455K) -
D. H. BEERMANN, R. G. CASSENS, T. MOEN1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 38-41
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMotor end-plates were visualized by histochemical staining for acetyl-cholinesterase in fresh frozen sections of porcine muscle. Motor end-plates in the deep red portion of the semitendinosus were larger than those in the superficial white portion even though no difference existed in size of muscle fibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (2486K) -
MASAO YOKOYAMA, FUMIAKI NISHIYAMA, TATSURO IRIMURA, HIROSHI HIRANO1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 42-50
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLectin-binding sites at the cell surface of mouse kidney tubules were studied using the ferritin labeling technique. Mouse kidney tissues were successfully dissociated in an enzyme solution containing collagenase and hyaluronidase. The dissociated cells were fixed, reacted with ferritin-lectin conjugates and processed for electron microscopy. Lectins used were concanavalin A (Con A), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RcA) and Bauhinia purpusea albs hemagglutinin (BpH).
The ferritin particles were found at all portions of the plasma membrane exposed directly to ferritin-lectin conjugates. Ferritin-Con A particles were typically clustered and ferritin-RcA also tended to cluster. Ferritin-BpH particles were observed abundantly at the cell surface with some sporadic clustering occurring as well. Binding sites of the three lectins tested were more abundant at the apical surface when compared with the lateral and the basal portions of the plasma membrane.
It is concluded that dissociated renal tubule cells still retained the carbohydrate moieties at the cell surface and that the apical plasma membranes possess more terminal oligosaccharides, presumably, of glycoprotein than the lateral and the basal plasma membranes in renal proximal tubule cells. The regional differences of glycoprotein represents the plasma membrane polarity in terms of surface specificities in these highly organized tissue cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (6531K) -
TORU ITAKURA, MASAYA TOHYAMA, KUNIO NAKAI1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 52-65
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFluorescence- and electron-microscopic study was performed on nerve terminals close to cerebral blood vessels. For work with the electron microscope, subdural perfusion fixation with potassium permanganate was carried out. Some aminergic terminal boutons containing large and small cored vesicles were observed contiguous to blood vessels in the cerebral cortex of the rat deprived of the bilateral superior cervical ganglion. Since these terminals are found in the rat after bilateral superior cervical ganglion excision, they probably originate from central catecholaminergic neurons in the brain stem. In addition to aminergic terminal boutons, non-aminergic nerve terminals containing non-cored vesicles also ended in the capillaries. These findings suggest that central aminergic and non-aminergic neurons might play some role in cerebral blood flow regulation. On the other hand, two types of axon terminal, aminergic and non-aminergic, were observed in the adventitia of the basilar artery. Observation of separated sections would seem to indicate that sometimes two types of nerve fibers make contact with each other. During observation of serial sections, however, fusions of synaptic vesicles in the two types of nerve terminals were observed at membrane apposing muscle cells respectively. These facts suggest that two different types of axon terminals independently release “transmitters” toward muscle cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (18786K) -
MASATSUNE ISHIKAWA, HAJIME HANDA, CHIKAKO TANAKA1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 65-70
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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MITSUHIRO OSAME, MASARU KAWABUCHI, AKIHIRO IGATA, HIDEO SUGITA1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 70-80
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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TETSUO ISHII, TOSHIAKI YAGI1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 80-87
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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SHINYA KISHIMOTO, SHOGO HOSHIDA, AKIMA MIYOSHI1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 87-93
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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MASAO YOKOYAMA1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 93-111
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCorrelative ultrastructural and biochemical studies on 38 human neurogenic tumors, adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglions revealed the following findings: Firstly, this group of tumors has an ability to synthesize catecholamines (CA). Secondly, the ultrastructure of tumors resembles that of their normal tissue counterparts of various differentiations. Multidirectional differentiation in the tumor is common. Thirdly, the CA granules in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma were similar to those in adrenal medulla of human and rodent. Large cored, small cored and small clear vesicles in all neurogenic tumors resemble those in sympathetic ganglions and nerve endings. Granular resemblance suggested the similarity of CA storage in tumors and in control tissues. Fourthly, double fixation with the use of aldehyde and osmium revealed that the human adrenal medulla have cells with ellipsoidal granules (E granule) as well as cells with more or less rounded granules (R granule). Fifthly, double fixation revealed that pheochromocytomas have three kinds of cells containing E granules, R granules and granules with dense, peripherally located cores (dp granules) that resemble the NA granules of rat. Sixthly, chemical assay showed the predominance of E and/or dp cells in all the NA dominant tumors. Chemically mixed tumors showed a mixed type of dp/E and R cells. One A dominant tumor was R dominant. This suggests that E and dp granules contain NA and that R granules contain A in pheochromocytomas. The E cells in human adrenal medulla also appear to be of the NA storing type.View full abstractDownload PDF (14609K) -
MUTSUYA TAKEUCHI1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 112-114
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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GARTH L. NICOLSON, KENNETH W. BRUNSON, ISAIAH J. FIDLER1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 114-133
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBoth normal and neoplastic cells are surrounded by fluid, dynamic plasma membranes which are involved in a variety of important physiological processes. Although several modifications in composition, organization, dynamics, enzymology and immunology have been found in transformed and tumor cell membranes when compared to their untransformed and normal cell counterparts, few of these changes may be important in the actual survival, growth and spread of tumor cells in vivo. One of the most important characteristics of malignant cells in vivo-the ability to metastasize to distant host sites-provides an important approach for studying in vivo tumor cell properties. We have been using several types of selection procedures to obtain variants of animal tumor cell lines that show enhanced metastatic potential and abilities to spread to specific host sites by blood-borne routes. Using these selected variants we hope to learn more about the cell surface properties that determine the location and fate of metastatic tumor cells in vivo.View full abstractDownload PDF (2421K) -
YOSHIHIRO HAMASHIMA1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 134-137
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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1977 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 138-157
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2773K)
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